• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.31-43
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• 2021

To understand the temporal variation of prokaryotic communities in a temperate coastal area, prokaryotic abundance, activity, and community composition were investigated every week for over a year at a coastal monitoring station of Yeong-do, Busan. The prokaryotic abundances fluctuated about 10 times, ranging from 2.0 to 20.1 × 10⁵ cells mL^-1 and tended to be high in spring when phytoplankton bloom occurred. The prokaryotic thymidine incorporation rates (TTI) varied in a low range between 0.2 and 11.5 pmol L^-1 h^-1 in winter. However, in summer, TTI were increased up to a range of 8.3 to 17.4 pmol L^-1 h^-1, showing an increasing pattern in summer. During the study period, Alphaproteobacteria was the most dominant class for most of the year, followed by Flavobacteria. While the seasonal variation of prokaryotic composition was not apparent at the class level, many prokaryotic species showed a distinct temporal or seasonal variation for the year. In the coastal site, prokaryotic biomass and activity did not show significant correlations with temperature and chlorophyll-a, which are well known to regulate prokaryotic growth in marine environments, suggesting that the study area may be affected by diverse sources of organic matter for their growth.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.122-135
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• 2024

Obesity is a disease involving mechanisms of fat accumulation, low-grade inflammatory cytokine release, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of abalone intestine extract on fat metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high fat diet-induced zebrafish larvae. The total phenol content was highest in subcritical water extract at 210℃ (SW210) among hot water, ethanol, and subcritical water extracts of abalone intestine. In addition, SW210 of male abalone intestine (MASW210) most effectively controlled the lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenic or lipogenic regulators (PPAR-γ, C/EBPα, SREBP-1c, and FAS) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Likewise, in zebrafish larvae fed high fat, MASW210 significantly suppressed body weight, glucose levels, and lipid accumulation. The mRNA expression related to adipogenesis (PPAR-γ and C/EBPα), lipogenesis (SREBP-1c and FAS), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), energy m/;.etabolism (AMPK, lepr, SIRT1, and adiponectin), and mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α and CPT-1) were significantly regulated by treatment with MASW210. These results suggest that abalone intestine extract such as MASW210, are useful biomaterials for improving obesity and metabolic diseases.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.27-34
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• 2019

RNases plays a pivotal role in biological system and different RNases are known for their various functions like angiogenesis, immunological response, antiviral, antitumour activity and apoptosis. In which anti tumour activity of RNase is proved to improve genome stability in normal cells up to some extent. RNases like RNase L shows antiviral and antitumour activities against virus infected cells and cancer cells through 2'-5' oligo adenylate pathway and induces RNaseL dependent apoptosis where as RNase A modulates various proliferative pathways like MAP kinase, JNK, TGF-${\beta}$ and activates apoptosis in cancer cells and promotes immunological response through processing of Ags. IRE1 RNase acts as both tumour suppressor gene and oncogene in normal and cancer cells and involved in both antitumour and tumorigenic activities. RNase III upregulates miRNA in cancer cells there by acting via posttranscriptional level and proven to be effective against colorectal adeno carcinoma. In addition to this IRE1 RNase is a double edged sword through RIDD pathway in ER (18). To some of the cancers expressing c-myc IRE1 acts as tumour suppressor where as in cancers where myc is downregulated IRE1 acts as tumour provoking through RIDD pathway (18). Thus RNases play vital role in regulating the genome stability.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.121-126
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• 1991

In this paper, we show that uniform integrability is equivalent to convergence to a ${\mu}$-integrable function f in $L_1$ for ${\mu}$-integrable functions in the sense of the integral defined by Lewis.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.521-528
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• 2019

Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological diseases. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are widely used for monitoring and diagnosis tool for epileptic seizure. Typically, a huge amount of EEG signals is needed, where they are visually examined by experienced clinicians. In this study, we propose a simple automatic seizure detection framework using intracranial EEG signals. We suggest a sparse approximation based classification (SAC) scheme by solving overdetermined system. L1-norm minimization algorithms are utilized for efficient sparse signal recovery. For evaluation of the proposed scheme, the public EEG dataset obtained by five healthy subjects and five epileptic patients is utilized. The results show that the proposed fast L1-norm minimization based SAC methods achieve the 99.5% classification accuracy which is 1% improved result than the conventional L2 norm based method with negligibly increased execution time (42msec).

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.1477-1478
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• 2011

Solution processed zinc tin oxide (ZTO) thin films were studied using a spin coating for the fabrication of thin film transistors and simple circuits. The solution processed thin film transistors (W/L = 100/10 ${\mu}m$) have the average saturation mobility of 1.9 $cm^2$/Vs, threshold voltage of 20 V, and subthreshold slope of 0.5 V/decade. The dc characteristics of an inverter with $W_{load}=100\;{\mu}m$ and $W_{drive}=10\;{\mu}m$, measured under votage supply of $V_{DD}$ = +50 V. The inverter beta ratio is 20 ($R=(W_{drived}/L_{drive})/(W_{load}/L_{load})=20$) and $gain_{max}$ is 2. The characteristics of an oscillator were measured under voltage supply of $V_{DD}$ = +60 V.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.485-489
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• 2006

In last decades, several linearization methods for the AOA measurements have been proposed, for example, Gauss-Newton method and closed-form solution. Gauss-Newton method can achieve high accuracy, but the convergence of the iterative process is not always ensured if the initial guess is not accurate enough. Closed-form solution provides a non-iterative solution and it is less computational. It does not suffer from convergence problem, but estimation error is somewhat larger. This paper proposes a self-tuning weighted least square AOA algorithm that is a modified version of the conventional closed-form solution. In order to estimate the error covariance matrix as a weight, two-step estimation technique is used. Simulation results show that the proposed method has smaller positioning error compared to the existing methods.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.879-895
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• 2022

This paper establishes the Baum-Katz type theorem and the Marcinkiewicz-Zymund type strong law of large numbers for sequences of coordinatewise negatively associated and identically distributed random vectors {X, X_n, n ≥ 1} taking values in a Hilbert space H with general normalizing constants $b_n=n^{\alpha}{\tilde{L}}(n^{\alpha})$, where ${\tilde{L}}({\cdot})$ is the de Bruijn conjugate of a slowly varying function L(·). The main result extends and unifies many results in the literature. The sharpness of the result is illustrated by two examples.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.153-162
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• 2021

The effects of activated carbon originated Ballasted Flocculant (BF) on the settleability of activated sludge and the recovery of BF by Hydro-cyclone (HC) were analyzed experimentally. Two kinds of BF (M-I: 125-250 ㎛, M-II: 250-425 ㎛ in dia.) and three kinds of activated sludges with different SS concentration (2,300-7,100 mg/L) were applied for this study. With the dosage variation of BF from 0.14 to 1.3 g-BF/g-SS, we could obtain 24-31% improvement in SV30 (Sludge Volume after 30min sedimentation) for the lowest SS concentration sludge (2,300 mg/L). Whereas the SV30 improvement was much higher as 44-48% for the highest SS concentration sludge (7,100 mg/L). The settling characteristics of the sludge with BF followed Vesilind model the best among three models (Vesilind, Takacs and Cho model). HC could effectively separate BF with the separation efficiency of 70-90% and over 95% separation efficiency could be obtained when the HC was applied twice.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.188-197
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• 2021

In this study, the optimal conditions for hair dyeing using sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) powder were determined, and then the effect of chitosan treatment on the hair dyeing properties of sappan wood powder was investigated. Treatment of sappan wood powder and water with the ratio of 1:3 (w/w) at 40℃ for 60 minutes was found to be the most effective to hair dyeing. In addition, the pretreatment of low molecular weight (~30 kDa) chitosan at a concentration of 1% (w/w) prior to treatment with sappan wood powder effectively improved and maintained the hair dyeing properties of sappan wood. In conclusion, the low molecular weight chitosan is considered to be of great help as a mordant in improving the dyeing efficiency and retention of sappan wood powder in hair dyeing.