• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.33-33
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• 2017

Water stress obstructs rice growth mainly by oxidative damage in biological cells to cause a reduction of leaf photosynthesis and evapotranspiration processes. In this study, exogenous application of vanillic acid (VA) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) to improve drought tolerance of two Oryza sativa cultivars, Q2 and Q8 was tested. The drought evaluation based on leaf phenotypes to show that both Q2 and Q8 resulted in remarkable water-stress tolerance induced by leaf spraying pretreatment of mixed solution of $50{\mu}M\;VA+50{\mu}M\;PHBA$. The mixtures of $25{\mu}M\;VA+25{\mu}M\;PHBA$ and $50{\mu}M\;VA+50{\mu}M\;PHBA$ treated on Q2 and Q8 in water deficit condition also indicated that total phenols, total flavonoids, and DPPH radical scavenging activity were significantly greater their controls. In general, the accumulation of individual phenolic acids was increased in exogenous phenolic treatments, as compared with controls. Particularly, Q2 obtained a considerable amount of endogenous PHBA after application of $50{\mu}M\;VA$, $25{\mu}M\;VA+25{\mu}M\;PHBA$, and $50{\mu}M\;VA+50{\mu}M\;PHBA$ (0.18 mg/g DW, 0.71 mg/g DW, and 1.41 mg/g DW, respectively); and a negligible content of VA (0.003 mg/g DW) appeared uniquely in the treatment of $50{\mu}M\;VA$. Similarly, Q8 also absorbed a significant quantity of PHBA in $50{\mu}M\;PHBA$, $25{\mu}M\;VA+25{\mu}M\;PHBA$, and $50{\mu}M\;VA+50{\mu}M\;PHBA$ treatments (0.15 mg/g DW, 0.15 mg/g DW, and 0.22 mg/g DW, respectively). In addition, the spraying $50{\mu}M\;PHBA$ and $25{\mu}M\;VA+25{\mu}M\;PHBA$ on Q8 leaves induced similar amount of VA (0.04 mg/g DW). Meanwhile, there were no trace of VA and PHBA found in controls. The levels of drought tolerance of Q2 and Q8 were improved, paralleled with the increased amounts of endogenous phenolics revealed that VA and PHBA played an important role to enhance drought tolerance in rice.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.230-233
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• 2012

Rhizobium radiobacter T6102 was morphologically purified by the aniline blue agar plates to give two distinct colonies; white smooth mucoid colony (T6102W) and blue rough colony (T6102B). The coenzyme $Q_{10}$ ($CoQ_{10}$) was produced just by T6102W, showing 2.0 mg/g of $CoQ_{10}$ content, whereas the T6102B did not produce the $CoQ_{10}$. All of the used $CoQ_{10}$ biosynthetic precursors enhanced the $CoQ_{10}$ production by T6102W. Specifically, the supplementation of 0.75 mM isopentenyl alcohol improved the $CoQ_{10}$ concentration (19.9 mg/l) and content (2.4 mg/g) by 42% and 40%, respectively.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.305-315
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• 1997

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.115-125
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• 2022

열풍건조로 제조된 껍질을 포함한 적양파 분말은 강력한 항산화제인 플라보노이드 함량이 생양파즙에 비해 약 22배로 고농도로 농축되어 있으며, 60-70% ethanol 농도에서 70℃, 2시간 추출시 가장 높은 수율을 나타내었다. 이때 추출된 플라보노이드의 함량은 DPPH radical 소거능과 상관계수 0.877의 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 적양파 분말의 플라보이드는 주로 quercetin 배당체인 Q3,4'G, Q4'G와 QA로 이루어져 있으며, 15:39:47의 비율로 구성되어 있었다. 염산, 젖산, 초산 등 다양한 종류의 산처리에 의해 적양파 분말 속 quercetin 배당체는 QA로 전환될 수 있었으며 저농도 초산용액에서 QA로 전환되는 비율이 높았다. 이는 적양파 분말에 포함된 glucosidase가 저농도 산용액에서 활성화되면서 일어나는 반응으로 사료되었다. 초산 처리초기에는 diglycoside인 Q3,4'G의 de-glycosylation이 급격히 일어났으며, 초산처리 6시간 이후에는 Q4'G의 분해와 함께 QA가 증가하여 24시간 경과 후에 최대 QA의 함량에 도달하였으며, QA의 증가는 DPPH radical 소거능과 유의적인 상관성(r=0.90)을 나타내어 생리활성의 증가를 나타내었다. 본 연구결과, 양파의 주요 플라보노이드인 quercetin 배당체는 저농도 초산 처리로 빠르고 간편하게 QA로 전환이 가능하였으며, 이와 더불어 생리활성의 증가도 도모할 수 있었다. 적양파 분말을 이용하여 저농도 산처리를 통하여 QA로의 전환률을 높이면, 고농도의 quercetin을 함유한 양파 소재의 개발이 가능할 것이며, 이를 통해 기능성 양파 가공품의 개발로 이어질 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2007

Litter production, nutrient contents of each component of litterfall and amount of nutrients returned to forest floor via litterfall were investigated from May 2005 through April 2006 in Quercus mongolica, Quercus variabilis and Pinus densiflora forests at Mt. Worak National Park. Total amount of litterfall during one year in Q. mongolica, Q. variabilis and P. densiflora forests was 542.7, 459.2 and $306.9\;g\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$, respectively. Of the total litterfall, leaf litter, branch and bark, reproductive organ and the others occupied 50.3%, 22.7%, 10.1 % and 16.9% in Q. mongolica forest, 81.9%, 7.2%, 3.1% and 7.9% in Q. variabilis forest, 57.4%, 12.8%, 5.6% and 24.1 % in P. densiflora forest, respectively. Nutrients concentrations in oak litterfall were higher than those in needle litter. N, P, K, Ca and Mg concentration in leaf litterfall were 13.8, 1.1, 7.2, 4.2 and 1.3 mg/g for Q. mongolica forest, 10.5, 0.7, 3.2, 3.7 and 1.6 mg/g for Q. variabilis forest, 5.3, 0.4, 1.2, 2.8 and 0.6mg/g for P. densiflora forest, respectively. The amount of annual input of N, P, K, Ca and Mg to the forest floor via litterfall was 43.36, 2.89, 21.38, 23.31 and $5.62\;kg\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ for Q. mongolica forest, 32.28, 2.01, 10.23, 20.29 and $7.78\;kg\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ for Q. variabilis forest, 15.80, 1.04, 3.99, 9.70 and $2.10\;kg\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ for P. densiflora forest, respectively.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.224-228
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• 2008

With the aim of increasing the $CoQ_{10}$ production in mass culture, the effect of aeration-agitation on the $CoQ_{10}$ production using Rhodobactor sphaeroides was investigated in a l-L bioreactor. The maximum $CoQ_{10}$ production was 1.69 mg/g of dry cell weight under conditions of 50 Lux, $30^{\circ}C$, 300 rpm, and 5-vvm aeration. The $CoQ_{10}$ production was improved to produce 2.91 mg/g of dry cell weight under reduced conditions of agitation speed (200 rpm) and aeration rate (0.2 vvm). When R. sphaeroides was cultivated under more reduced DO levels during the exponential phase of the cell, the $CoQ_{10}$ production yield of 3.88-mg/g dry cell weight was the maximum obtained. Therefore, poorer conditions of aeration-agitation resulted in higher production of $CoQ_{10}$, and thus DO content was a crucial factor in the production of $CoQ_{10}$. Accordingly, it was necessary to control the DO concentration in order to enhance the $CoQ_{10}$ biosynthesis within a large-scale production.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.235-250
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• 2023

Let 1 ≤ p, q < ∞ be fixed, and let R = [r_jk] be an infinite scalar matrix such that 1 ≤ r_jk < ∞ and sup_j,k r_jk < ∞. Let 𝓑(𝑙_p, 𝑙_q) be the set of all bounded linear operator from 𝑙_p into 𝑙_q. For a fixed Banach algebra 𝐁 with identity, we define a new vector space S^R_p,q(𝐁) of infinite matrices over 𝐁 and a paranorm G on S^R_p,q(𝐁) as follows: let $$S^R_{p,q}({\mathbf{B}})=\{A:A^{[R]}{\in}{\mathcal{B}}(l_p,l_q)\}$$ and $G(A)={\parallel}A^{[R]}{\parallel}^{\frac{1}{M}}_{p,q}$, where $A^{[R]}=[{\parallel}a_{jk}{\parallel}^{r_{jk}}]$ and M = max{1, sup_j,k r_jk}. The existance of S^R_p,q(𝐁) equipped with the paranorm G(·) including its completeness are studied. We also provide characterizations of β -dual of the paranormed space.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.561-568
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• 2016

In this paper, the effect of absolute values on the behavior of functions f in the spaces $\mathcal{Q}_K$ is investigated. It is clear that $g{\in}\mathcal{Q}_K({\partial}{\mathbb{D}}){\Rightarrow}{\mid}g{\mid}{\in}\mathcal{Q}_K({\partial}{\mathbb{D}})$, but the converse is not always true. For f in the Hardy space $H^2$, we give a condition involving the modulus of the function only, such that the condition together with ${\mid}f{\mid}{\in}\mathcal{Q}_K({\partial}{\mathbb{D}})$ is equivalent to $f{\in}\mathcal{Q}_K$. As an application, a new criterion for inner-outer factorisation of $\mathcal{Q}_K$ spaces is given. These results are also new for $Q_p$ spaces.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.875-886
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• 2000

Let G denote either of the groups $GL_2(q)$ or $SL_2(q)$. Then ${\theta}$:G -> G given by ${\theta}(A)$ = ${(A^t)}^{-l}$, where $A^t$ denotes the transpose of the matrix A, is an automorphism of G. Therefore we may form the group G.$<{\theta}>$ which is the split extension of the group G by the cyclic group $<{\theta}>$ of order 2. Our aim in this paper is to find the complex irreducible character table of G.$<{\theta}>$.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
• /
• pp.38-38
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• 2017

Water stress obstructs rice growth mainly by oxidative damage in biological cells to cause a reduction of leaf photosynthesis and evapotranspiration processes. In this study, exogenous application of vanillic acid (VA) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) to improve drought tolerance of two Oryza sativa cultivars, Q2 and Q8 was tested. The drought evaluation based on leaf phenotypes to show that both Q2 and Q8 resulted in remarkable water-stress tolerance induced by leaf spraying pretreatment of mixed solution of $50{\mu}M\;VA+50{\mu}M\;PHBA$. The mixtures of $25{\mu}M\;VA+25{\mu}M\;PHBA$ and $50{\mu}M\;VA+50{\mu}M\;PHBA$ treated on Q2 and Q8 in water deficit condition also indicated that total phenols, total flavonoids, and DPPH radical scavenging activity were significantly greater their controls. In general, the accumulation of individual phenolic acids was increased in exogenous phenolic treatments, as compared with controls. Particularly, Q2 obtained a considerable amount of endogenous PHBA after application of $50{\mu}M\;VA$, $25{\mu}M\;VA+25{\mu}M\;PHBA$, and $50{\mu}M\;VA+50{\mu}M\;PHBA$ (0.18 mg/g DW, 0.71 mg/g DW, and 1.41 mg/g DW, respectively); and a negligible content of VA (0.003 mg/g DW) appeared uniquely in the treatment of $50{\mu}M\;VA$. Similarly, Q8 also absorbed a significant quantity of PHBA in $50{\mu}M\;PHBA$, $25{\mu}M\;VA+25{\mu}M\;PHBA$, and $50{\mu}M\;VA+50{\mu}M\;PHBA$ treatments (0.15 mg/g DW, 0.15 mg/g DW, and 0.22 mg/g DW, respectively). In addition, the spraying $50{\mu}M\;PHBA$ and $25{\mu}M\;VA+25{\mu}M\;PHBA$ on Q8 leaves induced similar amount of drought tolerance of Q2 and Q8 were improved, paralleled with the increased amounts of endogenous phenolics revealed that VA and PHBA played an important role to enhance drought tolerance in rice.