• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2007

In this study, the correlation of organic content with particle size and type of sediment was found out.Particle size, stratigraphic section and organic content of sediments sampled from Dalpo wetland was analyzed. Dalpo wetland consists of three wetlands, and the area of Dalpo wetland is about $31,295m^2$. The particle size analyses for sampled sediments of 7 points (3 points in wetland A, 3 points in wetland B and 1 point in wetland C) were tested. As results of the particle size analyses, the sediment particle size becomes larger as to the edge of the wetland. It is revealed in order of wetland A > wetland C > wetland B. Borehole surveys with horizontal distance in the major and minor axes of wetland A, the major and minor axes of wetland B and the major axis of wetland C were accomplished. Clayey peat deposit is distributed at 10~90 cm depth below ground surface in the major axis of wetland A. The clayey peat deposit was the most thick at the center of wetland A that horizontal distance is 100 m. As the depth below ground surface of clayey peat deposit is less than 27 cm in the wetland B, we can infer that the life for the wetland B is being finished. Sediment composition of wetland C is simple because wetland C is small scale, and clayey peat deposit is distributed at 10~34 cm depth below ground surface. Sediment sampled by borehole survey in the Dalpo wetland was cut at interval of 10 cm, then organic content was analyzed. Organic content of wetland A sediment showed more than 40% until 70 cm depth below ground surface, also sediment of wetland B is similar to wetland A until 10 cm depth below ground surface, but is showed within 20 % above 30 cm depth below ground surface. Organic content of wetland B is showed the lowest as organic content near the ground surface is about 40%. All of the three wetlands, organic content is showed higher at clayey peat deposit near to ground surface. This is caused by finer particles of the clayey peat deposit, also organic materials were supplied from dead vegetation. Organic content of the Dalpo wetland showed in order of wetland A > wetland C > wetland B. This result is caused by thickness of clayey peat deposit in sediment. Through this study, it was verified that organic content of the Dalpo wetland sediment was dominated by particle size of sediment and vegetation of the upper part.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.2-8
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• 1982

The behavior of sand and mold at high temperatures was generally agreed to importantly affect the quality of castings made. By changing water content through 2,4,6 and 8%, and bentonite content through 5,7,9 and 11%, specimens have been made according to the respective composition. Specimens have been subjected to hot compressive strength and thermal expansion at 400, 600, 800 and $1000^{\circ}C$ respectively. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. At each temperature, thermal expansion decreased and hot compressive strength increased with the increase in water content. 2. After thermal expansion was peaked at approximately $1000^{\circ}C$ the contraction and maximum hot compressive strength appeared. 3. At each temperature, maximum hot compressive strength appeared 2%, 4,6% and 8% water content for 7%, 9% and 11% bentonite content respectively. 4. When 2% $H_2O$ was added, though bentonite content was increased, hot compressive strength did not rarely change. 5. Until the thermal expansion was completed the required time was 15-18 minutes at $400^{\circ}C$ and $600^{\circ}C$, and 10-13 minutes at $800^{\circ}C$. At $1000^{\circ}C$, the required time was 7-9 minutes in order to gain the maximum expansion, after that, contraction proceeded during 3-4 minutes before expansion was completed.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.348-351
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• 2007

This study was conducted to find out the change of infernal quality, such as vitamin C and nitrate contents in some leaf vegetables grown hydropoincally in different nutrient conditions. Pak-choi (Brassica camperistis L. spp. chinesis Jusl.), chungchima (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa cv. Chungchima) and romaine (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia Lam.) lettuces were cultivated for 2 weeks in 4 different nutrient solutions, such as tap water; no-nutrient, added $NH_4$, discarded $NO_3$, and supplied Yamazaki' solution for lettuce as a control. The growth of leaf vegetables was not different among nutrient solution treatments except tap water. The nitrate content showed the highest in control, and followed by $+NH_4$ treatment, $-NO_3$ and tap water treatment, regardless of kind of vegetables. The vitamin C content in 3 different vegetables showed the opposite result against nitrate content so that the treatment that showing the highest vitamin C content was tap water in romaine and chungchima lettuces, and $-NO_3$ treatment in pak-choi. The vitamin C and the nitrate content showed high correlations; $r=-0.614^*$ in pak-choi, $-0.651^*$ in romaine lettuce, and $-0.804^{**}$ in chungchima lettuce.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.229-233
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• 1989

The effect of some phytohormones and light on the growth, ADC activity and polyamine content in ginseng was studies. In seedlings, the growth, ADC activity and putrescine content were in creased by Ghs treatment. ADC activity ann putrescine content were slightly slightly derreased by ABA, but not changed by kinetin. Light treatment increased ADC activity and putrescine content greatly. In two year ginseng leaves treated by GA3, the ADC actin$.$its reached maximum and the spermidine content reached maximum 2 days faster than in the control. Thtse results suggest the possibility that these regulators are closely related to growth and polyamine cotent. UeVo'ordsEPanaxgineng C.A. Meyer, Polyamine, Putrescine spermidine, arginine decarboxylose, GA3 kiiletin , ABA.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.107-119
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• 1993

The objeative of this study was to investigate the possibility of estimation of internal quality by observing visible state of strawberry. Several tests such as color("L", "A", H,V,C), degree of blackred ness, opening state of calyx, vitamin C content, brix degree, acidity, freshness, overall quality, chlorophyll content, and anthocyanin content were performend during circulation at 20$^{\circ}C$. Acidity(R=-0.96), chloroph-yll content(r=-0.99), vitamin C content(r=-0.98), freshness(r=-0.96), and overall quality(-0.99), degree of blackredness(r=0.98) and opening state of calyx(=0.98), color saturation(r=0.99), degree of blackredness(r=0.98) and opening state of calyx(=0.98) increased during circulation at 20$^{\circ}C$. in correlation between visible indicators andd internal qualities, "L" valu and brix degree was r=-0.74, "a" and brix degree was r=0.93 Hue and anthocyanin content was r=0.74, value and chlorophyll content, brix degree were r=-0.91, r=-0.77, chroma and brix degree was r=0.96. The correlations between color saturation and vitamin C content(r=-0.96), chlorophyll content(r=-0.98), freshness(r=-0.98), overall quality(r=-0.94), loss of total polyphenol(0.94) and acidity(r=-0.94) showed high correlation. The correlatiions between degree of blackrednes and vitamin C content(r=-0.99), chlorophyll content(r=-0.94), anthocyanin content(=-0.74), freshness(r=-0.97) overall quality (r=-0.95), loss of total polyphenol(r=0.93) and acidity(r=-0.91) chlorophyll content(r=-0.99), freshness(r=-0.98), overall quality(r=-0.92), loss of total polyphenol(r=0.99) and acidity(r=0.83) showed high correlation.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.106-111
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• 2005

Ternary Ti-B-C coatings were synthesized on WC-Co and Si wafers substrates by a PECVD technique using a gaseous mixture of $TiCl_4,\;BCl_3,\;CH_4,\;Ar,\;and\; H_2$. The effects of deposition variables such as substrate temperature, gas ratio, $R_x=[BCl_3/(CH_4+BCl_3)]$ on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-B-C coatings were investigated. From our instrumental analyses, the synthesized Ti-B-C coatings was confirmed to be composites consisting of nanocrystallites TiC, quasi-amorphous TiB2, and amorphous carbon at low boron content, on the contrary, nanocrystallites $TiB_2$, quasi-amorphous TiC, and amorphous carbon at relatively high boron content. The microhardness of the Ti-B-C coatings increased from $\~23 GPa$ of TiC to $\~38 GPa$ of $Ti_{0.33}B_{0.55}C_{0.11}$ coatings with increasing the boron content. The $Ti_{0.33}B_{0.55}C_{0.11}$ coatings showed lower average friction coefficient of 0.45, in addition, it showed relatively better wear behavior compared to other binary coatings of $TiB_2$ and TiC. The microstruture and microhardness value of Ti-B-C coatings were largely depend on the deposition temperature.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.307-311
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• 2018

Mid-range vinylidene content polyisobutylenes were prepared by using a Lewis acid catalyst. The best results were obtained when a complex catalyst composed of n-propanol as a cocatalyst and $BF_3$ as a main catalyst was used at the reaction temperature of -8 to $5^{\circ}C$ under a pressure of $2.5kg/cm^2$. The number average molecular weight ($M_n$) and viscosity of the polyisobutylenes were 500~1,000 g/mol and 20~210 cSt (at $100^{\circ}C$), respectively. The vinylidene content was 40~70% and easily varied by adjusting the reaction temperature.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.255-262
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• 2004

We applied nuclear DNA content stained with 4'-6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and total protein concentration to predict the existence of Cochlodinium polykrikoides before huge blooms occurred, based on a short-term survey at sites in the South Sea. Fluctuations in environmental conditions and nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, and phosphate) were of a similar range, regardless of sampling sites or early and middle field observations. However, C. polykrikoides abundance was significantly different depending on the station, with a higher cell density of 34, 62, and 57 cells L$^{-1}$ at Stn C2, C5, and C6, respectively than what was found in early August, 2000. In mid August, 2000, the highest cell density of 547 cells L$^{-1}$ at Stn C3 was observed. The relationship between C. polykrikoides abundance, DAPI-stained DNA content, and total protein concentration was a positive correlation coefficient, in particular a higher positive correlation was exposed to even a smaller abundance of C. polykrikoides. These results suggest that DNA stained by DAPI and total protein concentration could play an important index in easily predicting the presence of C. polykrikoides before blooms.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.16-19
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• 2004

Triphala churna is a widely used herbal formulation that contains equal proportion of dried fruit powder of Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula and Terminalia belirica. In the Indian system of medicine, it is used in cleaning wounds, urinary disorders, diabetes mellitus, leprosy, constipation, eyesight promotion, piles, and as a rejuvenator. In the present study, the methanolic extract of 5 commercial Triphala was evaluated for antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging method, total phenolic content by Folin-Ciocalteu method and gallic acid equivalents (GAE) by high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method. All extracts exhibited antioxidant activity significantly. The $IC_{50}$ of the extracts ranged between $7.16\;to\;12.96\;{\mu}g/ml$. The total phenolic content of the extracts was found to be 195.3-296.4 mg of GAE/gm of GAE/gm dw. The HPTLC chromatographic data reveal that the content of GAE present in the extract was found to be $7.17-4.11\;{\mu}g/ml$. The study reveals that out of the churnas analysed, C was found to exhibit the most potent antioxidant activity. A clear correlation between $IC_{50}$ and content of GAE nor the total phenolic content could be observed. The study reveals that the consumption of Triphala would exert several beneficial effects by virtue of its antioxidant activity.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.199-204
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• 1977

The patterns of fatty acid composition of lipid extracted from eight species of edible marine benthic algae; i. e. two species of green, five of brown and one of red algae, were investigated quantitatively by using gas liquid chromatography. The total lipid contents in average of the algae were $1.51\%$ in the green algae, $2.81\%$ in brown algae and $1.02\%$ in red algae respectively. Upon analyzing fatty acid composition, green algae contained the highest proportion of $C_{16:0}$ acid and comparatively higher content of $C_{18:1},\;C_{18:2}\;and\;C_{18:3}$ acids than the other algae. In brown angae, $C_{16:0}$ acid content was highest, but not more than that of green algae, and $C_{14:0},\;C_{18:1}$ acids were higher than other $C_{16:1},\;C_{18:2}\;and\;C_{18:3}$ acids while the content of $C_{18:0}$ acid was very low. Red algae showed low content of $C_{14:0},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{18:2}\;and\;C_{18:3}$ acids, but the content of $C_{16:0}$ acid was high as a major component. In regard to the composing patterns of carbon number of fatty acid of algae; i. e. $C_{14},\;C_{15},\;C_{16},\;C_{18}\;and\;C_{22}$ and $C_{22}$ acids, the green algae contained $C_{16}$ and $C_{18}$ acids, the brown algae $C_{16},\;C_{18},\;and\;C_{22}$ and $C_{22}$ acids, and the red algae $C_{15},\;C_{16}$, and $C_{18}$ acids as the major component.