• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.234-241
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• 2023

At present, many countries around the world are legalizing cannabis and its products, and research on various treatments using cannabis is being actively conducted. However, the cannabis plant contains other compounds whose biological effects have not yet been established. We investigated the effect of cannabidiol (CBD) on hair growth in human dermal papilla cells (HDPCs). 2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays were performed to determine the antioxidant activity of CBD. The HDPCs viability of CBD was examined via water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay. The expression of hair-loss-related markers in HDPCs by CBD treatment was analyzed by real-time PCR and western blotting. The DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity assay showed that CBD had superior antioxidant activities. In HDPCs, CBD increased cellular proliferation at concentrations without cytotoxicity. It also increased the expressions of fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1), fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF). These results correlated with a decrease in the expression of inhibition-related factors, such as androgen receptor (AR) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-B1). Moreover, CBD resulted in a significant increase in the phosphorylation of AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Therefore, it is suggested that CBD may be a potential remedy for the treatment of alopecia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.281-286
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• 2015

In this study, free radical scavenging activities (ABTS, DPPH, NBT, TBARS, and ORAC) and anti-obesity potential were evaluated using 50% ethanol extract from fermented Curcuma longa L. (FCE50). FCE50 showed free radical scavenging activities and anti-oxidant potential. Lipid accumulation and intracellular TG content were significantly reduced by 25.8% and 28.6%, respectively, by $250{\mu}g/mL$ of FCE50 compared to adipocytes. Glucose uptake was significantly reduced by 12.0%. FCE50 significantly reduced mRNA expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in 3T3-L1 cells. These results indicate that the anti-adipogenic effect of FCE50 might be due to its radical scavenging activity and anti-oxidant potential.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.210.1-210.1
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• 2003

Keokhachukeu-tang is the one of Chinese traditional prescription used for the treatment of liver disease. This prescription consists of Carthami Flos (6g), Persicae Semen (9g), Pteropi Faeces (9g), Corydalis Tuber (9g), Moutan Radicis Cortex (6g), Paeoniae Radix rubra (9g), Angelicae gigantis Radix (9g), Cnidii Rhizoma (9g), Linderae Radix (12g), Cyperi Rhizoma (12g), Aurantii Fructus (9g), and Glycyrrhizae Radix (3g). Water extract of Keokhachukeu-tang showed a moderate hepatoprotective effect on tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells. (omitted)

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.45-48
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• 2001

The antioxidative effect of the extracts from the leaves and fruits of Acer ginnala against free radicals was studied by two different methods using DPPH radical-generating system, and hydroxyl radical-generating system $(Cu^{++}/H_2O_2\;system)$ which induces DNA strand breaking. Compared with well known antioxidative plants, green tea, Scutellaria baicalensis, the Acer ginnala extracts showed excellent radical-scavenging activity in DPPH radical-generating system and inhibited effectively hydroxyl radical induced-DNA strand breaking in a concentration-dependent manner in $Cu^{++}/H_2O_2$ system whereas the green tea extract stimulated the strand breaking at a low concentration. These results suggest that he extracts from the leaves and fruits of Acer ginnula could be good antioxidative agents.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.244-247
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• 2004

The inhibitory effects of the leaves of Eucalyptus darylmpleana (Myrtaceae) on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical was examined. The scavenging effect of the ethyl acetate fraction of Eucalyptus darylmpleana leaves on DPPH radical was stronger than the other fractions, and further purified by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, quercetin $3-O-{\alpha}-_L-rhamnoside$, quercetin $3-O-{\beta}-_D-glucoside$ and quercetin 3-O-rutinoside were isolated and elucidated by spectroscopic data. Among these components, gallic acid and quercetin $3-O-{\alpha}-_L-rhamnoside$ exhibited potent scavenging activities on DPPH radical with $IC_{50}$ values of 6.02 and $5.54\;{\mu}M$, respectively.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.267-272
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• 2011

In our search for bioactive phenolics from plants, the culms of Phyllostachys bambusoides has been selected for investigation of anti-cariogenic and 1,1-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging agents based on the initial screening results. Fractionation process of n-hexane and $CHCl_3$ extracts afforded four phenolic constituents, ferulic acid (1), vanillin (2), coniferaldehyde (3), and coniferyl alcohol (4) as guided by their DPPH free radical scavenging activities. Additionally, activity-guided fractionation of EtOAc extract with anti-cariogenic activity has resulted in the isolation of coniferaldehyde (3), 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone (5), p-methoxycinnamic acid (6), (${\pm}$)-balanophonin (7), and 6-methoxychromanone (8). The structures of 1 - 8 were determined by spectroscopic data interpretation, and also by comparison of their data with the published values. Phenolic compounds 1 - 4 exhibited similar DPPH radical scavenging activities compared with the synthetic antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and compounds 3 and 5 - 8 showed significant antibacterial activity against cariogenic oral streptococci, Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1505-1510
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• 2009

Arginyl-fructose (AF) and arginyl-fructosyl-glucose (AFG) were chemically synthesized and purified. Their in vitro and cellular antioxidant activity was investigated using oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and cellular antioxidant activity assay, respectively. The peroxyl radical scavenging activity of AF was much higher than that of AFG, which was in good agreement with their reduction capacity to donate electrons or hydrogen atoms. On the other hand, the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of AF was weaker than that of AFG, which was consistent with their metal chelating activity, suggesting that AFG-$Cu^{2+}$ complex may be less redox-active than AF-$Cu^{2+}$ complex due to 1 glucose molecule attached. The cellular antioxidant activity of AF and AFG appeared to depend on both their permeability into cell membrane and the scavenging activity on peroxyl or hydroxyl radicals. These results indicate that AF and AFG, Maillard reaction products, may have a high potential as a material for the development of nutraceutical food with antioxidant activity.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.90-97
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• 2015

Water chestnut (Trapa japonica Flerov.) is an annual aquatic plant. In the present study, we showed that the treatment of water chestnut extracted with boiling water resulted in a significant increase 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity and decrease the intracellular $H_2O_2$-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species. In addition, water chestnut extract (WCE) inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide production and suppressed mRNA and protein expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene. The cytokine array results showed that WCE inhibited inflammatory cytokine secretion. Also, WCE reduced tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$- and interleukin-6-induced nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ activity. Furthermore, during sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)-induced irritation of human skin, WCE reduced SLS-induced skin erythema and improved barrier regeneration. These results indicate that WCE may be a promising topical anti-inflammatory agent.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.333-337
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• 2003

This study was conducted to estimate the biofunctional characteristics, namely nitrite scavenging effect of barley leaves (BL) and their mixture (AM) with other antioxidants. Aqueous or methanol extracts were obtained from BL and AM. Aqueous and methanol extracts from barley leaves had relatively higher nitrite scavenging effects and its activities and contents increased in a concentration-dependent manner. The activities and contents of methanol extracts obtained from BL and AM were higher than those of aqueous extracts. Especially, AM containing BL and other antioxidant mixture had the highest activities and contents increased in a concentration-dependent manner. BL or AM were added to macrophage cells of RAW 264.7. Survival rates of the cells treated with BL and AM were measured to be different. $IC_{50}$ value decreased in a concentration-dependent manner by the addition of aqueous or methanol extracts from BL and AM. Especially, methanol extracts of AM had the highest nitrite scavenging effects. Thus, BL and AM may have protective effect against carcinogen and immune ability against reactive molecules through NO (nitric oxide) signal pathway. From the above results, barley leaves appear to contain natural anticancer and immune-related agents and may have potentiality to be used as functional food ingredients.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.32 no.2 s.125
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• pp.108-115
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• 2001

Based on DPPH radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity, the MeOH extracts of 139 crude drugs were screened in order to search for antioxidants. Among tested samples, the extracts from the seed of Nelumbo nucifera, the fruit of Terminalia chebula var. gangetia, the root of Salvia miltiorhiza, the fruit of Ziziphus jujuba var. innermis, the root bark of Paeonia moutan, the fruit of Rubus coreanus, the fruit of Zanthoxylum schinifolium, the lignum of Caesalpinia sappan, the leaf of Pinus densiflora, the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum, the fruit of Syzygium aromaticum, the ramulus and uncus of Uncaria rhynchophylla, the root bark of Lycium chinense, and the fruit of Alpinia katsumadai showed a relatively strong antioxidative activity. Furthermore, the BuOH fraction from the extract of N. nucifera showed a potent activity in each assay. The isolation of bioactive compounds has been carried out and will be reported in the next paper.