• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.111-123
• /
• 2004

Objectives : It has been reported that Cordyceps militaris Mycelia(CMM) has an effect on deficiency allergic asthma(虛喘) clinically. The aim of this study was to determine an appropriate oriental treatment and the doses of CMM to treat asthma. Methods : In order to study the effect of herbal acupuncture solution of the CMM on allergic asthma, the mouse were pretreated by CMM herbal acupuncture at BL13, LU4 before antigen sensitization. 2 days later Mice were actively sensitized with a subcutaneous injection of ovalbumin(OA) and 13 days later they were provoked with OA aerosols. IL-4, lymphocyte, macrophage in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF), IgE in serum, WBC, RBC, HGB in blood, and in vitro isometric contractile responses of the isolated tracheal smooth muscle(TSM) to acetylcholine$(ACh,\;0.1-1000\;{\mu}M)$, KCl were measured. Results : Contractile responses of TSM to ACh were significantly increased in CMM herbal acupuncture 1 group $(Ach\;1000\;{\mu}M)$, CMM herbal acupuncture 2 group $(ACh\;1,\;10\;{\mu}M)$, CMM herbal acupuncture 3 group $(Ach\;0.3,\;1,\;30,\;300\;{\mu}M)$. The sensitivity of TSM to ACh was significantly decreased in CMM herbal acupuncture 3 group. The maximal contractile response of TSM to ACh was significantly decreased in CMM herbal acupuncture 1, 3 group. The maximal contractile response of TSM to KCl was significantly decreased in CMM herbal acupuncture 1, 2, 3 group. The counts of lymphocytes in BALF was significantly increased in CMM herbal acupuncture 3 group. The counts of macrophages in BALF was significantly decreased in CMM herbal acupuncture 3 group. Interleukin-4 level in BALF was significantly increased in CMM herbal acupuncture 1,3 group. and it was increased in CMM herbal acupuncture 2 group, but there was no significance. Serum IgE level was significantly decreased in CMM herbal acupuncture 1, 2, 3 group. The counts of WBC in blood was significantly increased in CMM herbal acupuncture 1, 3 group Conclusion : Based on the above results it is assumed that CMM herbal acupuncture at BL13, LU4 can help the treatment of deficiency allergic Asthm.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2006

Background : Recently, so many people are suffered from the allergic or auto-immune disease, and the representative disease is just Allergic Asthma. It is because human immune function has been decreased. Many treatments were done to treat this disease, and many methods were studied to increase immune function and to suppress the asthma. But, the effect of asthma-suppression and improvement of immune response of EH-HA(Ephedrae Herba Herbal Acupuncture) has not been studied in detail. To study the effects of EH-HA, we injected EH-HA at Joksamni(ST36) of C57BL/6 mice. Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of asthma-suppression and improvement of immune response of EH-HA(Ephedrae Herba Herbal Acupuncture). EH-HA was done at Joksamni(ST36) of the mice with ovalbumin-induced asthma. Methods : C57BL/6 mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA(ovalbumin) for 12 weeks. Two experimental groups were treated with different concentrations(1%, 0.1%) of EH-HA at Joksamni(ST36) for the later 8 weeks(3times/week). Results : 1. The lung weight of the group treated with EH-HA decreased significantly compared with that of control group. 2. The total cells in lung, total leukocytes and eosinophils in BALF of the group treated with EH-HA decreased significantly compared with those of control group. 3. Eosinophils in BALF of the group treated with EH-HA in photomicrographs decreased significantly compared with those of control group. 4. The concentrations of IL-13, IgE, IL-4 in serum and IL-4 in BALF of the group treated with EH-HA decreased significantly compared with those of control group. 5. The numbers of $Gr-1^+/CD11b^+\;cells,\;CD3e^-/CCR3^+\;cells,\;CD4^+\;cells,\;CD8^+\;cells,\;CD3e^+/CD69^+\;cells\;and\;IgE^+/B220^+\;cells$ in lung of the group treated with EH-HA decreased significantly compared with those of control group. 6. In RT-PCR, the mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 in the group treated with EH-HA decreased compared with those of control group. Conclusion : These results suggested that EH-HA at Joksamni(ST36) in C57BL/6mice may be effective to OVA-induced asthma of C57BL/6 mice.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권7호
• /
• pp.3519-3528
• /
• 2012

Inhibitory effects of Maclura amboinenesis Bl, one plant used traditionally for the treatment of cancers, on metastatic potential of highly metastatic B16F10 melanoma cells were investigated in vitro. Cell proliferation was assessed using the MTT colorimetric assay. Details of metastatic capabilities including invasion, migration and adhesion of B16F10 melanoma cells were examined by Boyden Chamber invasion and migration, scratch motility and cell attachment assays, respectively. The results demonstrated that n-hexane and chloroform extracts exhibited potent anti-proliferative effects (p<0.01), whereas the methanol and aqueous extracts had less pronounced effects after 24 h exposure. Bioactivity-guided chromatographic fractionation of both active n-hexane and chloroform extracts led to the isolation of two main prenylated xanthones and characterization as macluraxanthone and gerontoxanthone-I, respectively, their structures being identified by comparison with the spectral data. Interestingly, both exhibited potent effective effects. At non-toxic effective doses, n-hexane and chloroform extracts (10 and $30{\mu}g/ml$) as well as macluraxanthone and gerontoxanthone-I (3 and $10{\mu}M$) significantly inhibited B16F10 cell invasion, to a greater extent than $10{\mu}m$ doxorubicin, while reducing migration of cancer cells without cellular cytotoxicity. Moreover, exposure of B16F10 melanoma cells to high concentrations of chloroform ($30{\mu}g/ml$) and geratoxanthone-I ($20{\mu}M$) for 24 h resulted in delayed adhesion and retarded colonization. As insights into mechanisms of action, typical morphological changes of apoptotic cells e.g. membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, apoptotic bodies and loss of adhesion as well as cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase with increase of sub-G1 cell proportions, detected by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry were observed, suggesting DNA damage and subsequent apoptotic cell death. Taken together, our findings indicate for the first time that active n-hexane and chloroform extracts as well as macluraxanthone and gerontoxanthone-I isolated from Maclura amboinensis Bl. roots affect multistep of cancer metastasis processes including proliferation, adhesion, invasion and migration, possibly through induction of apoptosis of highly metastatic B16F10 melanoma cells. Based on these data, M. amboinensis Bl. represents a potential candidate novel chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic agent. Additionally, they also support its ethno-medicinal usage for cancer prevention and/or chemotherapy.

• 전기전자학회논문지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.161-169
• /
• 2020

무선충전기, USB 타입-C 등의 응용에 사용되는 MCU 칩은 제조 원가를 줄이기 위해 3~5개의 추가 공정 마스크가 필요한 DP-EEPROM(Double Poly EEPROM)보다는 추가 마스크가 한 장 이내이면서 메모리 셀 사이즈가 작은 MTP(Multi-Time Programmable) 메모리가 요구된다. 그리고 E/P(Erase/Program) cycling에 따른 MTP 메모리 셀의 endurance 특성과 데이터 retention 특성을 좋게 하기 위해서 V_TP(Program Threshold Voltage)와 V_TE(Erase Threshold Voltage)의 산포는 좁은 것이 필요하다. 그래서 본 논문에서는 short pulse의 erase와 program pulse를 여러 번 수행하면서 목표 전류와 비교한 뒤 전류스펙을 만족하면 더 이상 program이나 erase 동작을 수행하지 않게 하므로 program V_T 산포나 erase V_T 산포를 줄이는 알고리즘과 current-type BL S/A(Bit-Line Sense Amplifier) 회로, WM(Write Mask) 회로, BLD(BL Driver) 회로를 제안하였다. 매그나칩반도체 0.13㎛ 공정으로 제작된 256Kb MTP 메모리 웨이퍼에서 동작 모드에 맞게 정상적으로 동작하는 것을 확인할 수 있다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.432-436
• /
• 2007

개 모낭충증의 새로운 치료법을 확립하기 위하여 항생제의 약침과 일반 치료의 병행을 이용한 치료 효과를 조사하였다. 본 연구에서는 모낭충으로 진단된 개 3두를 이용하였다. Enrofloxacin의 약침을 폐수(BL13) 위중(BL40), 대추(GV14), 족삼리(ST36), 합곡(LI04), 곡지(LI11) 및 삼음교(SP06)의 혈위에 각각 5주간 실시하였다. 또한 일반 치료법인 invermectin과 0.05% amitraz 약욕을 5주간 추가로 실시하였다. 소양증, 찰과상, 홍반 및 탈모와 같은 임상증상은 약침과 일반치료에 의해서 치료 전에 비하여 현저하게 완화되었다. Case 1은 4주 후에 완치되었고, case 2는 5주 후에 증상이 약간 잔존하였으며, 그리고 case 3은 5주 후에 완치되었다. 혈중 백혈구 수는 치료와 더불어 모든 케이스에서 감소하는 경향을 보였으나, 호중구/림프구 비율은 일정한 경향을 나타내지 않았다. 5주째 병리조직 검사 소견상에서 case 1과 case 3은 뚜렷한 병리조직학적 변화가 관찰되지 않았으나, case 2는 경도의 변화가 관찰되었다. 결론적으로 개 모낭충에 이환된 본 환축들은 항생제 약침과 일반 치료법의 병행으로 양호한 치료반응을 나타낸 증례이었다.

• 융합정보논문지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.111-121
• /
• 2021

감국의 유산균 발효를 통한 감국 배양물(CILL)의 비만억제 식품의 소재로서 가능성을 알아보기 위해 고지방식이로 유도된 C57BL/6 mice에서의 체중, body fat mass, T cell 등을 측정하였다. 체중 변화에서 CILL 군 (25.15±2.44 g)은 4주부터 체중 감소를 보였으며, 1주차부터 8주차까지 낮은 증체량을 유지했다(1.00±0.53 g). 8주 체중(30.38±4.17 g)은 HFD 군(60% high fat diet, 34.99±2.09 g) 대비 13.15%의 체중 감소를 보였다. Fat mass는 10.3022±2.8813 g로 감소했으며, 간 절대 중량에서 HFD 군에 비해 감소하였다. CD4+ T cell 4.84±1.33%, CD8+ T cell 7.02±2.26%, CD4+CD8+ T cell 1.46±0.81%로 HFD 군에 비해 높게 측정되었다. 결과적으로 CILL은 비만억제 효과가 있으며, CILL내의 비만억제 물질을 선별한다면 효과적인 비만억제 식품 소재로서의 가능성이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제44권5호
• /
• pp.1071-1082
• /
• 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study is to report the efficacy of using Korean medicine treatment with cold hypersensitivity of the hands and feet with lumbar spinal herniated intervertebral disc. Case presentation: We used Korean medicine treatment (Gyejigabuja-tang, acupuncture) to treat a hospitalized patient with cold hypersensitivity of the hands and feet with lumbar spinal herniated intervertebral disc. To evaluate the treatment, we used the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The degree of cold hypersensitivity of the hands and feet was also evaluated using evaluation paper. The generic health status was measured using the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) scale. The 31-year-old female underwent 13 days of inpatient treatment. Her pattern identification was that both hands and feet are cold (BiYangHeo) types. The treatments were herbal medicine and acupuncture. She took Gyejigabuja-tang for 13 days. She also received acupuncture for 20 minutes twice a day at LI11 (曲池), L14 (合谷), TE5 (外關) on her hands, LR3 (太衝), SP6 (三陰交), SP9 (陰陵泉) ST36 (足三里), GB41 (足臨泣) on Feet, GV4 (命門), GV3 (腰陽關), BL23 (腎兪), BL24 (氣海兪), BL25 (大腸兪), and BL26 (關元兪) on the low back. After 2 weeks of treatment, the NRS scale of her cold hypersensitivity of hands and feet symptoms dropped from NRS 7 to NRS 3, and her low back pain dropped from NRS 6 to NRS 3. Her cold hypersensitivity of hands and feet evaluation paper score decreased from 64 to 32, and her EQ-5D increased from 0.487 to 0.681. After the end of treatment, continued symptom improvements and no significant side effects were confirmed. Results: These findings suggest that Korean medical treatment (Gyejigabuja-tang, acupuncture) may be effective for treating cold hypersensitivity of hands and feet with lumbar spinal herniated intervertebral disc. The NRS, evaluation paper, and EQ-5D scores improved after treatment, with no side effects.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.126-134
• /
• 2015

LED 광원을 달리하여 재배한 감초지상부의 항산화, 항돌연변이원성을 평가하였다. BL-0에서 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성에서 $EC_{50}$이 $3.02{\pm}0.13{\mu}g/ml$와 ABTS 라디칼 소거활성은 $EC_{50}$이 $2.18{\pm}0.18{\mu}g/ml$와 환원력이 가장 높게 나타났다. 폴리페놀함량은 $2.93{\pm}0.11g/100g$으로 가장 높게 나타났으며, RL-0에서는 항산화 활성이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 항돌연변이원성 평가에서 직접변이원인 1-NP에 대해 모든 실험군에서 돌연변이 억제효과를 나타냈으며, 간접변이원인인 Trp-P-1, Trp-P-2, $AFB_1$에 대해서는 BL-0에서 가장 높은 돌연변이 억제효과를 나타냈고, 2-AA에서는 RL-1에서 돌연변이 억제가 높게 나타났다. 청색광 LED (650 nm)와 적색광 LED (450 nm)를 이용하여 재배한 감초지상부의 성분변화를 관찰하기 위해 GC/MS를 이용해 분석한 결과 25분에서 RL-1에서만 cytidine이 검출되었고, 37분에서 BL-0에서만 2-bromotrimethylene glycol이 특정적으로 검출되었다. 이는 LED광원 조건에 따라 감초 경엽의 성분이 차이가 있음을 보여준다. 이 성분들이 생리활성에 어떤 영향을 주는지는 더 검토해야할 부분이다.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.7-13
• /
• 2014

Objectives : Anti-obesity drugs that have been developed so far have limited efficacies and considerable adverse effects affecting tolerability and safety. Therefore, most anti-obesity durgs have been withdrawn. We tried to develop anti-obesity agent by combinations from herbs that are used in food ingredients as well as in traditional medicines. Methods : The 80% (v/v) ethanol extracts from Bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescence) leaf (BL) and Scutellaria baicalensis (SB) and their 1:1 combination (BLSB) was evaluated on high fat diet induced obese mice compared to Omega-3 as a positive control. The mice were divided into six groups (n=5), one group fed a normal diet (ND), and the others fed a high fat diets for eight weeks. Two weeks after starting feeding the diets, the high fat diet groups were orally administered vehicle and Omega-3, BL, SB, and BLSB at dosage of 200 mg/kg/day for six weeks. All groups were assayed for body weights, food efficiency ratio, blood biochemistry parameters, and organic tissue weights. Results : BLSB group showed significant reductions in body weight gain and fat weights of liver and epididymal adipose tissue compared to BL or SB alone as well as control. Total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels significantly decreased, and HDL-cholesterol level increased. In liver tissue, macrovesicular steaotisis was remarkably improved and its fat cell size was also significantly decreased. Conclusions : These results suggested that a combination preparation of bamboo leaf and S. baicalensis has anti-obesity effect and have synergistic effect compared to bamboo leaf or S. baicalesis.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.183-187
• /
• 1993

The anticlastogenic effect of galangin, flavonoid derivative, was studied in vivo micronucleus test using C57BL/6 mice. The frequencies of micronuclei induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in bone-marrow cells of C57BL/6 mice were significantly decreased by the simultaneous treatment or multiple pre-treatment of galangin. When galangin was orally administered at 0, 0.1, 1.0, or 10.0 mg/kg twice with 24 hr interval, together with intraperitoneally administered MNNG, there were suppressive effects in the tested doses. The most marked suppressive effect was observed in the treatment group of 1.0 mg/kg (64.5%), not in the treatment group of 10.0 mg/kg (36.3%). When galangin was multiply administered at 1/7 or 1 mg/kg for 7 days respectively, galangin showed higher suppressive effect in the treatment group of 1/7 mg/kg (23.5%) rather than in the treatment group of 1 mg/kg (13.5%). In another experiment, galangin was administered at 0.001, 0.01 or 0.1 mg/kg for 1 month respectively. The suppressive effects in one month treatment gradually increased with dose-dependent manner, although suppressive effects were not high. The results showed that galangin was effective in suppressing the frequencies of micronuclei induced by MNNG. Our study indicates that galangin is a potent anticlastogenic agent against MNNG.