• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.105-107
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• 2010

To overcome the limitation of E. coli expression system such as inclusion body formation and disulfide bond failure, we tried to express the heterologous protein as a secreted form. We adopted agarase signal peptide (ASP; 23 amino acid residues) from Agarivorans albus YKW-34 which is one of marine bacteia. When we used ASP to express $\beta$-agarase, about 42% activity was detected in media.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.389-393
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• 2006

제주도 연안에서 분리 동정된 한천분해효소를 생산하는 Agarivorans sp. JA-1의 배양특성을 연구하였다. 균주가 기질로 이용하는 한천은 배지 내의 한천의 농도가 0.2%일 때 가장 효율적인 성장을 하였으며 4종의 탄소원에 대해서는 성장에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 배양시간에 따른 한천농도는 15시간 이후 모두 분해되었으며 점도의 변화도 이와 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 fed-batch 배양에서 0.8 g 한천을 2회 첨가하였으며 한천을 첨가한 후 agarase생산이 증가되는 것으로 나타났다. 한천올리고당의 성분분석을 한 결과 중합도가 6인 당이 확인되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1237-1244
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• 2012

Agarase genes of non-marine agarolytic bacterium Cellvibrio sp. were cloned into Escherichia coli and one of the genes obtained using HindIII was sequenced. From nucleotide and putative amino acid sequences (713 aa, molecular mass; 78,771 Da) of the gene, designated as agarase AgaA, the gene was found to have closest homology to the Saccharophagus degradans (formerly, Microbulbifer degradans) 2-40 aga86 gene, belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 86 (GH86). The putative protein appears to be a non-secreted protein because of the absence of a signal sequence. The recombinant protein was purified with anion exchange and gel filtration columns after ammonium sulfate precipitation and the molecular mass (79 kDa) determined by SDS-PAGE and subsequent enzymography agreed with the estimated value, suggesting that the enzyme is monomeric. The optimal pH and temperature for enzymatic hydrolysis of agarose were 6.5 and $42.5^{\circ}C$, and the enzyme was stable under $40^{\circ}C$. LC-MS and NMR analyses revealed production of a neoagarobiose and a neoagarotetraose with a small amount of a neoagarohexaose during hydrolysis of agarose, indicating that the enzyme is a ${\beta}$-agarase.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2008년도 제49회 학술심포지움 및 국제학술대회
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• pp.55.1-55.1
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• 2008

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.36-48
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• 2010

An agar-degrading Agarivorans sp. AG17 strain was isolated from the red seaweed Grateloupia filicina collected from Jeju Island. A beta-agarase gene from Agarivorans sp. AG17 was cloned and designated as agrA. agrA has a 2,985 bp coding region encoding 995 amino acids and was classified into the glycoside hydrolase family (GHF)-50. Predicted molecular mass of the mature protein was 105 kDa. His-tagged agrA was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified as a fusion protein. The enzyme showed 158.8 unit/mg specific activity (optimum temperature at $65^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.5 in acetate buffer) with unique biochemical properties (high thermal and pH stabilities). Enzyme produced neoagarohexaose, neoagarotetraose and neoagarobiose by degrading agar, and hydrolyzed neoagaro-oligosaccharides were biologically active. Hence the purified enzyme has potential for use in industrial applications such as the development of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2005년도 제45회 학술심포지움 및 추계학술대회
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• pp.72-72
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• 2005

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.776-783
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• 2018

The agarase gene gaa16a was identified from a draft genome sequence of Gilvimarinus agarilyticus JEA5, an agar-utilizing marine bacterium. Recently, three agarase-producing bacteria, G. chinensis, G. polysaccharolyticus, and G. agarilyticus, in the genus Gilvimarinus were reported. However, there have been no reports of the molecular characteristics and biochemical properties of these agarases. In this study, we analyzed the molecular characteristics and biochemical properties of agarases in Gilvimarinus. Gaa16A comprised a 1,323-bp open reading frame encoding 441 amino acids. The predicted molecular mass and isoelectric point were 49 kDa and 4.9, respectively. The amino acid sequence of Gaa16A showed features typical of glycosyl hydrolase family 16 (GH16) ${\beta}$-agarases, including a GH16 domain, carbohydrate-binding region (RICIN domain), and signal peptide. Recombinant Gaa16A (excluding the signal peptide and carbohydrate-binding region, rGaa16A) was expressed as a fused protein with maltose-binding protein at its N-terminus in Escherichia coli. rGaa16A had maximum activity at $55^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0 and 103 U/mg of specific activity in the presence of 2.5 mM $CaCl_2$. The enzyme hydrolyzed agarose to yield neoagarotetraose as the main product. This enzyme may be useful for industrial production of functional neoagaro-oligosaccharides.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.277-281
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• 2000

한천은 비교적 풍부한 수산자원의 하나이나 그 가공 수준은 매우 미약하여 상당수가 폐기되고 있다. 한천의 이용률과 부가가치를 높이기 위하여 한천올리고당의 미생물학적 활성에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 식품 부패 및 식중독균에 대한 억제 효과는 0.4% 한천올리고당은 첨가한 경우 포노상구균과 대장균 O157:H7에 대하여 항균활성을 나타내었다. 한천올리고당은 pH의 변화에 매우 안정하여 pH는 항균활성에 영향을 주지 않았다. 또한 가압멸균할 경우 항균효과가 현저히 증가함을 보였다 한천올리고당의 가공 적성을 알아본 결과 아미노산 중 alanine, lysine, glycine, phenylalanine을 혼합하면 항균 활성이 증가함을 알 수 있었다

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1622-1628
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• 2014

DagA, a ${\beta}$-agarase, was produced by cultivating a recombinant Streptomyces lividans in a glucose medium or a mixed-sugar medium simulating microalgae hydrolysate. The optimum composition of the glucose medium was identified as 25 g/l glucose, 10 g/l yeast extract, and $5g/l\;MgCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$. With this, a DagA activity of 7.26 U/ml could be obtained. When a mixed-sugar medium containing 25 g/l of sugars was used, a DagA activity of 4.81 U/ml was obtained with very low substrate utilization efficiency owing to the catabolic repression of glucose against the other sugars. When glucose and galactose were removed from the medium, an unexpectedly high DagA activity of about 8.7 U/ml was obtained, even though a smaller amount of sugars was used. It is recommended for better substrate utilization and process economics that glucose and galactose be eliminated from the medium, by being consumed by some other useful applications, before the production of DagA.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 해양 한천분해세균 Agarivorans sp. JS-1과 해당균주의 agarase 특성을 조사하였다. 한천분해세균인 Agarivorans sp. JS-1은 경상남도 창원시 소죽도에서 채취한 해수를 이용하여 Marine agar 2216배지에서 분리하였다. 분리된 균은 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열분석을 통하여 Agarivorans 속 세균과 99% 일치하여 Agarivorans sp. JS-1으로 명명하였다. 세포외로 분비되는 agarase는 Agarivorans sp. JS-1 균주 배양액에서 획득하였으며, 이를 이용하여 특성 조사를 하였다. Agarivorans sp. JS-1 균주의 한천분해효소는 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 및 60℃에서 각각 70, 74, 78, 83, 87, 100, 74, 66%의 상대활성을 나타냈으며, pH 5, 6, 7, 8에서는 91, 100, 90, 89%의 활성을 나타내었다. 세포외 agarase는 50℃에서 pH 6.0인 20 mM Tris-HCl 완충용액을 사용하였을 때 최대(207 U/l)의 활성을 보였다. 20, 30, 50℃에서 30분간 열처리하면 잔존활성이 각각 90%, 70%, 50% 이상이었다. 55℃ 이상에서는 30분 동안 열처리하면 잔존활성이 50% 미만이었다. 20, 30, 35, 40 및 45℃에서 2시간 열처리 후의 잔존활성은 각각 80, 68, 65, 63 및 57%였다. TLC 분석 결과, Agarivorans sp. JS-1 균주의 한천분해효소는 네오한천올리고당인 neoagarohexaose (20.6%), neoagarotetraose (58.5%)및 neoagarobiose (20.9%)를 생성하는 것으로 보아 β-agarase로 확인되었다. 따라서 Agarivorans sp. JS-1 가 생산하는 β-agarase는 전분노화 방지, 미백효과, 보습효과 및 세균생장 억제 등의 기능을 가지는 한천올리고당의 생산에 유용할 것으로 판단된다.