${\ulcorner}Gogeumdoseojipseong{\lrcorner}$, it has been compiled by Chenmenglei(1651-1723). This large encyclopedia was published in 1125 during Ohing dynasty of China in the reign of the Kangxi emperor. The medical parts of this encyclopedia was titled the name of Yibuquanlu, but it is not correct. KIOM(Korea Institute of oriental Medicine) researched the compilation and publication of the original book of this and the process of introduction to Chosun with its woodblock-printed book for making database of this book. Even more, we analyzed the structure of this book and apprehended the historical significance about medical interchange between Korea and China by this book. As the result, we found that the most part of this large encyclopedia quotedfrom ${\ulcorner}Donguibogam{\lrcorner}$ of Chosun, then it was back to Chosun and taken a part to medical books such as ${\ulcorner}Imwonkyungjaejis{\lrcorner}$, ${\ulcorner}Uijongsonikr{\lrcorner}$.

The Purpose of this study was to find the characteristics of the medicine mainly using the Hyangyak(鄕藥) in the early Chosun by analyzing the text in ${\ulcorner}$Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)${\lrcorner}$ and comparing it with other medical books. To start out this grand investigation, the research was focused on ${\ulcorner}$Sanghanmun(傷寒門)${\lrcorner}$, Vol.5-8 of ${\ulcorner}Hyangyakjipseongbangs{\lrcorner}$. The conclusion made in this study is as follows: 1. All of the prescriptions in ${\ulcorner}Sanghanmun{\lrcorner}$, was made up of the Hangyak listed in ${\ulcorner}$HyangyakBoncho(鄕藥本草)${\lrcorner}$, Vol.76-85 of ${\ulcorner}Hyangyakjipseongbangs{\lrcorner}$ 2. The main purpose of ${\ulcorner}Sanghanmun{\lrcorner}$ was to make sure it was easy to use for people with no medical backgrounds. To have a more specific understanding on the medicine mainly llsing the Hyangyak, further research should be done on how the catergory of the Hangyak changed. This should be done by comparing the books written after the ${\ulcorner}Hyangyakjipseongbangs{\lrcorner}$, and also on the characteristics of the usage of prescriptions in ${\ulcorner}Hyangyakjipseongbangs{\lrcorner}$.

통과대명청대진단학발전사적고찰(通過對明淸代診斷學發展史的考察), 득도료여하결론(得到了如下結論):도료명대(到了明代), 출현료대량적유관망진적전문서적(出現了大量的有關望診的專門書籍), 정차(井且), 개시대소아지문진행요망진연구(開始對小兒指紋進行了望診硏究), 환유(還有), 대설진적발전이경유료탁월인식(對舌診的發展已經有了卓越認識). 명대적사진화변증학설적발전여오우가적(明代的四診和辨證學說的發展與吳又可的) ${\ulcorner}$온역론(溫疫論)${\lrcorner}$ 개시거두적온병학설적발전유밀녕접적연계(開始據頭的溫病學說的發展有密接的連繫). 도료명대(到了明代), 이경대륙경변증(已經對六經辨證), 장부변증화팔강변증유료계통면완선적변증체계(臟腑辨證和八綱辨證有了系統面完善的辨證體系), 특별시개시출현료온병변증(特別是開始出現了溫病辨證). 대우청대적망진적발전특징(對于淸代的望診的發展特徵), 가이귀납위대우설진적대량적연구화유관망진적전문서적적출현(可以歸納爲對于舌診的大量的硏究和有關望診的專門書籍的出現). 특별시수착온병학설약발전면공동발전적설진적만화야흔돌출.

Clinical trials are experimental studies with human subjects in which various limitations and variables exist by their nature. As a preparatory stage for designing clinical trials in Oriental medicine, this study considers a virtual protocol to show guideline regarding tasks necessary when writing a trials protocol. Clinical trials have many difficulties in planning, procedure, and interpretation of results, and these may be influenced by various biases that are difficult to predict and eliminate. To deal with these issues, clinical trials need a collaboration between medical experts and biostatisticians from the beginning, through the entire trial, until the final analysis. Therefore, the first stage of clinical trials is to write out a trial plan among the experts in each field to derive the best design for the trial.

This project is planned to grasp the present situation of traditional medicine part in our country and to study protection method about this by the intellectual property which is the international concerning point recently. Through this, we will be able to devise means to deal with protection method of traditional medicine being developed by WIPO now. Traditional medicine field In our country Is organized with specific condition separated into the part of institution and the part of non-institution. So, because of the closed peculiarity, we have experienced the difficulties to understand the real facts about traditional medicine. We cannot be indifferent to the matter anymore. Because the expectation of object people is high, we could expect the realization of research content. In 1 detail project, we investigated the situation of traditional medicine in our country through various collecting methods for excavation of oriental treatment technique and herb medicine which is worth protecting. With it, we sorted again into 56 kinds of 11 parts through analysis of validity in the way of oriental medicine. And we tried to link this up 2 detail project which is about legal and institutional guarantee concerning protection. furthermore, we tried to find approach ways for security of objectivity into 4 steps with the example of model disease. we could complete practical classification of traditional medicine in our country. In 2 detail project, we studied the protection method by the intellectual property through research result in 1 detail project. For this, we observed an outline of the intellectual property including a patent application analysis in folk traditional medicine part, and problems of traditional medicine protection and world trend by traditional knowledge protection tendency and the patent law In domestic traditional medicines, the aspects unprotectable with the patent law now were remained. So, we suggested supplementary plan. And we also suggested the freedom of utilization between traditional medicine possession countries (in-situ utilization) and the demand compensation payment for a third country (ex-situ utilization) in connection with international movement.

The Objective of this study was to investigate present conditions of research institutes on traditional medicine in China, Chinese taipei, Japan and U.S.A. The subject institutes were China academy of traditional chinese medicine, National research institute of chinese medicine, Oriental medicine research center of the Kitasato institute, Institute of natural medicine in Toyama medical and pharmaceutical university, National center for complementary and alternative medicine. Various publications printed by each institute were collected and each web site wis searched. For further analysis, Interviews with managers and researchers of each institute were carried out.

Obesity can be defined as a metabolic disease due to a increased state of fat tissue caused by an imbalance of calorie intake and use. To define genes that affected by different nutrient, we study gene expression from mice which were fed different nutrient. Epididymal and retro-peritineal adipose tissue were increase in high fat diet feeding mice compared with control, but liver and spleen were not. In serum, total cholesterol were differently increase in high fat diet feeding mice but total triglyceride and free fatty acid were not. That was maybe result of energy balance regulation in vivo system. aP2, PPART2 and FAS genes that were increased during adipogenesis were inclosed in high fat diet fed mice compared with control. In microarray assay, 1.4% of total genes were affected in epididymal adipose tissue by different nutrient. 1.1% of total genes were decreased down 0.5 fold and 0.3% were increased over 2 fold. These results indicated that many genes are affected in adipose tissue by nutrient.

Objectives:Assuming that the characteristic of meridian system has been similar to that of electric potentials in human body and that measurements of electric potential at well(井穴) and sea(合穴) points in branches of the twelve meridians(WSBTM) will be representative of measurements of the twelve meridians, to measure the electric potentials of 17 patients with loin lesions, and pain of loin and lower extremities (腰脚痛, LWLE), to find out the characteristic of meridian system in patients with loin lesions. Methods:Electric potentials of well and sea points in the meridians in 17 patients with LWLE diagnosed by both CT or MRI and self view on pain at loin and lower extremities were repeatedly measured by physiograph(PowerLab). Measurements of those electrical potentials were analyzed by factor analysis. Results The electric potentials of WSBTM at the left side were divided into four factors. On the other hand those at the right side wert divided into three factors.

Yukmijihwang-tang(YM) is a noted herbal prescription in Chinese and Korean traditional medicines, and it has been known to reinforce the vital essence and has been widely used for a variety of disease such as stroke, osteoporosis, anti-tumor, and hypothyrodism. Regarding its traditional use, YM has been known to reinforce the Yin (vital essence) of liver and kidney. Also it has been known to reinforce nutrition and biological function in brain. Recently, studies suggested that YM increase antioxidant activities and exert the protective effect against oxidant-induced liver cell injury. We investigated the high-throughput gene expression analysis on the Yukmijihwang-tang administrated in SD rats. Microarray data were validated on a limited number of genes by semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. The recent availability of microarrays provides an attractive strategy for elaborating an unbiased molecular profile of large number of genes in drug discovery This experimental approach offers the potential to identify molecules or cellular pathways not previously associated with herbal medicine. Total RNA from normal control brain and Yukmijihwang-tang administrated brain were hybridized to microarrays containing 10,000 rat genes. The 52 genes were found to be up-regulated(twice or more) excluding EST gene. The nine genes were found to be down-regulated(twice or more) excluding EST gene. Gene array technology was used to identify for the first time many genes expression pathway analysis that arecell cycle pathway, apoptosis pathway, electron transport chain pathway, cytoplasmic ribosomal protein pathway, fatty acid degradation pathway, and TGF-beta signaling pathway. These differentially expressed genes pathway analysis have not previously been iavestigated in the context of herbal medicine efficacy and represent novel factors for further study of the mechanism of herbal medicine efficacy.

The objective on this study was to investigate effect of KH, which was composed of 9 kinds of oriental herbs tonifing the blood, against toxicity of 5-flurouracil(FU) through animal study. Reduction of WBC and platelet after treating S-FU was significantly recovered by KH. KH also rehabilitated immune gene expression of interleukin-2(IL2) and $Interferon-{\gamma}\;(IFN-{\gamma})$ by RT-PCR. In addition, in situ hybridization of spleen showed that KH treatment increased mRNA expression of IL2. In addition to the immune action, antitumor activity on 5-FU was not affected by KH treatment. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that KH alleviated damage of hematopoiesis system induced by f-FU without toss of antitumor activity.

To obtain a specific pharmacological effect, herbal medicines are i)recessed based on the principle of traditional korean medicines. However, the problem in processing is the variety of methods, technics, and drug quality. In order to establish the base of standardization of processing methods, some herbal medicines were processed and studied the change of a color tone before and after processing.