The amount of Sea Casualty is increased by heavy sea traffic, increasing sea-borne cargoes, and superannuated vessels. This study analyzed the circumstance of ship salvage in Korean Salvage Units and management of Salvage Divers in Korea and other countries in order to make establishment of Ship Salvage Divers. This paper reputed the object, the necessity and the character of Ship Salvage Divers. For the purpose of study two parts are considered in order to analyze the environment of salvage divers(the circumstance of Sea Casulties and Ship Salvage). Under the present circumstance in Korea this development planning study may be restricted, but the effective planning to activate Korean Ship Salvage Diver is abstracted as follows; First, the political assistance of concerned government authority is needed. Second, establishment of new course, grade, certificate and licence for Salvage Diver is a Pre-requisite factor for the successful enactment. Third, establishment of Korean Ship Salvage Diving Center or School is strongly required.

The present paper deals with the casualties of bulk carriers, many of which resulted in catastrophic and fatal consequencies - losses of ships and lives. In fact the fatality and the alarming statistics of bulk carrier casualty have ling been criticized since 1980's by several seafarers. In the paper, the features of hull structure and operation of bulk carrier are, firstly, examined and, then, casualties and major causes are speculated, Secondly, the issues of circumstances around shipping and naval architectural circles related to the casualties are raised and discussed. Finally, it highlights the need and the way for a higher safety standard for the shipping industy.

국제간 정보통신전달 수단으로 인공위성과 해저케이블이 상호보안적으로 사용되어 왔다. 특히 최근에 와서는 해저 광케이블의 등장으로 국가간 정보통신전달 수단으로 케이블의 역할이 급격히 증대되고 있다. 해저케이블은 열악한 해양환경에 노출되어 있으므로 건설시나 운용중에 손상 받을 가능성이 아주 크며 그로 인한 파급효과가 엄청나다. 또한 해저케이블 사고시 복구에 많은 시간과 어려움이 뒤따르며 비용도 막대하다. 따라서 해저케이블의 안전성을 확보하는 것은 매우 중요하며 이에 대한 보호대책이 절실하다. 본 논문에서는 해저케이블의 건설 및 운용상에 발생할 수 있는 여러 불안전 요인들을 찾아 그에 대한 대책방안을 고찰해 보고자 한다.

본 연구는 Bessel 측지계에서 WGS-84 측지계로 좌표변환할 경우 발생할 수 있는 우리나라 지형정보의 변동을 고찰한 것이다. 고찰 대상은 우리나라 지형형태와 독도와 일본의 오끼제도 사이의 거리로 하였다. Bessel 측지계에서 WGS-84 측지계로 좌표변환한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1). Mercator 도법에서, 임의로 선정한 정사각형의 우리나라 주변 지형은 고위도에서 축소되면서 부채꼴 모양으로 변형되는 결과를 나타내었다. 2). UTM 도법에서, 우리나라 남동부근 연안의 52S 지역중에서 임의로 선정한 정사각형 지형은 가로가 2m 축소되고, 세로는 1m 축소되었다. 3). Mercator 도법을 이용한 한국의 독도와 일본의 오끼제도 사이의 거리를 비교한 결과 오끼제도가 독도쪽으로 약 25.3m 근접하게 되는 결과를 나타내었다.

Almost of all the impediments to enchancing ship safety and preventing vessel-source marine pollution arise from the interaction between direct and indirect factors. The direct factors come from human errores and failure in complince with the international convention standards for the operation of vessels. The indirect factors derive from the will and attitudes of the countries taking little responsibilities with appropriate seriousness for policing their fleets. By focusing in these aspects, this paper intends to propose a new international regime to improve the implementation capability of national maritime administration of each member government of IMO(International Maritime Organization).

The assesment of the safety of ship's transit in a curved narrow channl consists of the maneuvering safety determined by the chance of running aground, the maneuvering difficulty determined by shop's workload, and shiphandler's subjective evaluation. In this study to examine the correlation between shiphandler's subjectice evaluation and the maneuvering risk, the real-time and full-mission shiphandling simulator in the Korean Marine Training & Research Institutes(KMTRI) was utilized. In the conning bridge of the shiphandling simulator, 50 experienced masters conducted masters conducted the modeled vessel of 60,000 deadweight tonnage along the designed channel under 3 different envrinmental conditions. The findings were as follows: (1) The frequencies of stress levels, work difficulties, vessel controllability and overall workload of shiphandlers are similar irrespective of environmental conditions and they are able to be represented as shiphandler's subjective evaluation. (2) It is possible to assess and analyze theoretically the correlation between the shiphandler's subjective ecaluation and maneuvering risk each environmental cindition by quantifying the data obtioned from the tests. The results are as follows: ① As the degree of maneuvering risk increases, the shiphandler's subjective evaluation increases sharply near the curvature area of the desgined channel. ② In the area of the curvature of the designed channel, maneuvering risk increases sharply with the danger of running aground under the environmental condition of current and wind comung from the stem.

As conservation of global environment has becoming a major outstanding issue of the world, the International Maritime Organization(IMO) has been legislation a convention for prevention of air pollution from ships. By the new convention, use of air pollutants such SOx, NOx, Freon and Halin Gas shall be restricted. In this regards, analysing these requirements of the convention is required as the cinvention will also be applied in restriction of descharging exhaust gases from ships by estsblishing a requirement of Sox and NOx discharged. The purpose of this study is as follows; 1) Introdcuing of the backgrounds of legislating the convention for prevention of air pollution from ships and major contents of the convention and a countermeasuures in the convention by Korea 2) Reviewing by analyzing the influence in domestic industries concernd by restriction of SOx, NOx in exhaust gases and sulpher content of fuel oil 3) Preparing a countermeasure in the convention properly.

The main information for a marine navigation is ship's bearing obtained from Gyro, Gyrocompass, Magneticcompass and electronic navigation systems such as LORAN, OMEGA and GPS. However, some of these systems have a disadvantage or restricted conditon involved critical problems in a war-ship and weapon system. In the work, we have done the basic resrarch, analysis of error pattern for GPS, for the development of the ship's seondary bearing sensor (GPS-Compass) to provide the back-up system of Gyro/Gyrocompass and a substitution way of Magneticcompass.