• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.97-115
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• 2018

Objective: This study aimed to analyse the influence of young children's playfulness at home and class characteristics on their playfulness at kindergarten. Methods: Twenty eight classes of 3, 4 and 5 year olds in Gyeonggi and Chungbuk provinces were recruited. Participants of this study were mothers and head teachers of the children of recruited classes. Analyses was implemented using hierarchical linear modeling with HLM 7.0. Results: Differences were found in children's playfulness at kindergarten according to their classes. Individual characteristics including, gender, age and playfulness at home were shown to have significant influences on playfulness at kindergarten, while relevance of variable class characteristics to playfulness at kindergarten was not observed. Conclusion/Implications: It is concluded that playfulness of children is more related to playfulness at home rather than class characteristics, implying the strong characteristic of playfulness as an individual trait.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2017

In recent years there has been a rise in the use and interest of the flipped learning as a teaching and learning paradigm. The flipped learning model includes any use of Internet technology to enrich the learning in a classroom, so that a professor can spend more time interacting with students instead of lecturing. In the flipped model, students viewed video lectures online outside of class time. Students then performed two kinds of assignments, a teamwork assignment and an individual work assignment, through the class time. In this paper, we propose a flipped educational model for a college class. This experimental research compares class of college algorithm using the flipped classroom methods and the traditional lecture-homework structure and its effect on student achievement. The result data of mid-term exam and final exam were analyzed and compared with previous year data. The findings of this research show that there was not a significant difference in the scores of student between two lecturing methods. The survey result and lecture evaluation by students show that students are in favor of the flipped learning.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze characteristics and patterns of 'better class' by using the longitudinal text mining big data analysis technique from subjective lecture evaluation comments. First, this study classified upper 30% classes to deduce certain characteristics and patterns from every five-year subjective text data for 10 years. A total of 47,177courses (100%) from spring semester 2005 to fall semester 2014 were analyzed from a university at a metropolitan city in the mid area of South Korea. This study extracted meaningful words such as good, course, professor, appreciation, lecture, interesting, useful, know, easy, improvement, progress, teaching material, passion, and concern from the order of frequency 2005-2009. The other set of words were class, appreciation, professor, good, course, interesting, understanding, useful, help, student, effort, thinking, not difficult, explanation, lecture, hard, pleasant, easy, study, examination, like, various, fun, and knowledge 2010-2014. This study suggests that the characteristics and patterns of 'better class' at college, should be analyzed according to different academic code such as liberal arts, fine arts, social science, engineering, math and science, and etc.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2021

This study is reporting the clinical effect of herbal medicine for Class III obesity. A 34-year-old man with body mass index (BMI) 44.1 kg/m² was diagnosed to Class III obesity. We prescribed herbal medicine (Gambi-hwan) for 60 days. Self controlled low calorie diet and slight aerobic exercise were concomitantly performed during the treatment period. Body weight decreased from 152.4 kg to 128.1 kg. BMI decreased from 44.1 kg/m² to 37.0 kg/m². Visceral fat area decreased from 276 cm² to 195 cm². Percent of excess weight loss was 58.40% after treatment. A Class III obesity patient showed significant weight loss with herbal medicine as single Korean medicine treatment.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제111권3호
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• pp.394-404
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• 2022

본 연구는 우리나라의 가로경관 및 관상 목적으로 활용되는 주요 중형 조경수인 왕벚나무를 대상으로 컨테이너 재배 점적 관수 시 관수량에 따른 4년생, 8년생 묘목의 생장 및 생리 특성을 평가하여, 왕벚나무 컨테이너 재배를 위한 적정관수 기준을 제시하고자 수행되었다. 연구 결과 관수량 처리에 따른 묘고와 근원직경의 상대생장률의 경우 왕벚나무 4년생은 288 L/year/tree 처리에서 8년생은 416 L/year/tree 처리에서 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 물질생산량과 묘목품질지수 또한 두 연생 모두 관수처리에 따른 유의적인 차이를 보이면서 4년생은 288 L/year/tree 처리에서 8년생은 416 L/year/tree 처리에서 양호한 생장을 보였다. 뿌리발달 특성 중 총뿌리길이, 평균뿌리직경, 뿌리부피는 두 연생 모두 관수량 처리에 대해 차이를 보였다. 엽록소함량의 경우 왕벚나무 4년생은 288 L/year/tree 처리에서 8년생은 416 L/year/tree처리에서 가장 높은 활성을 보였다. 본 연구결과를 종합적으로 고려해 볼 때 컨테이너 재배 시 관수량의 차이는 묘목의 형태적 상대생장률, 물질생장량, 묘목품질, 생리적 반응에 영향을 미치며, 왕벚나무를 컨테이너로 재배 할 시 적절한 관수량은 4년생 묘목 (근원직경 3 cm급)은 288 L/year/tree, 8년생 묘목 (근원직경 7 cm급)은 416 L/year/tree가 적절한 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1192-1194
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• 1998

This paper presents a optimal operation algorithm of 1MW class Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) which is constructed in EHWA electric corporation. Total electric charge of conventional '97 year and simulated '98 year are compared to verify the validity of the proposed algorithm. Simulation results have showed that the about \\32,000,000 reduction of electric charge for 1 year.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.292-303
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• 2021

Studies that relate the structure of tropical regrowth vegetation to soil properties are generally lacking in the literature. This study proposes three indices for assessing the structural regeneration of secondary forests. They are: (1) the tree diameter class, (2) the plant life form and (3) the woody/herbaceous plants ratio indices. They were applied to assess the regeneration status of forest regrowth vegetation (aged 1-10 years), derived savanna regrowth vegetation in south western Nigeria, and to secondary forests in different stages of succession in Columbia and Venezuela, Bolivia, Mexico in South and Central America and semi-arid savanna in Ethiopia and seasonal deciduous forest successional stages in India. In all the cases, the indices increased with increasing age of regrowth vegetation and hence, with increasing structural complexity of regenerating vegetation. The tree diameter class index increased from 32.1% in a 9-year secondary forest to 69.0% in an 80-year-old secondary forest in Columbia and Venezuela and from 0.4% in a 1-year fallow to 20.9% in 10-year regrowth vegetation in southwestern Nigeria. In semi-arid savanna in northern Ethiopia, the woody/herbaceous plants ratio index increased from 18.1% in a 5-year protected grazing enclosure to 75.1% in 15-year protected enclosure, relative to the status of 20-year enclosure. The indices generally had correlations of 0.6-0.90 with species richness and Simpson's/Margalef's species diversity, implying that they are appropriate measures of ecosystem development over time. The proposed indices also had strong and positive correlations with soil organic carbon and nutrients. They are therefore, significant indicators of fertility status.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.851-860
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• 1994

Before 1970, mandibular overgrowth was known as main cause of skeletal Class III malocclusion in growing children ; however, recent study reports that many skeletal Class III malocclusion patients also show maxillary deficiency. Since 1972, when Delaire re-accommodated Protraction Head Gear (P.H.G.), many researchers have reported that skeletal Class III discrepancies could be corrected through use of P.H.G., which induces anterior movement of maxilla and change in mandibular growth pattern into infero-posterior direction ; nevertheless, it is very difficult to predict resultant changes of orofacial region. The purpose of this study was to find out what treatment effect P.H.G. has on different study samples. Author divided 51 skeletal Class III malocclusion patients with maxillary deficiency who were treated with P.H.G. into different study groups depending on sex, treatment beginning age, intraoral appliance, and facial growth pattern. By doing so, following results were obtained. 1. Treatment beginning age and Sex Four age groups (5.8 to 8 year-old, 8 to 10 year-old, 10 to 12 year-old, 12 to 14 year-old) were compared, and no significant difference was observed. (p<0.05) There was no significant difference between the sex groups, either. (p<0.05). 2. Intraoral appliance Treatment effects of study groups that used R.P.E.(mean age of 10.2) and Labio-Lingual appliance(mean age of 8.9) were compared. There was no significant difference depending on the type of intraoral appliance that was used. (p<0.05) 3. Facial growth pattern 1) Amounts of SNB and ANB corrections were smaller in clockwise growth pattern group than those in normal or counterclockwise growth pattern group. (p<0.05) 2) Amounts of increase in Wits appraisal and mandibular plane angle were greater in counterclockwise growth pattern group than those in normal or clockwise growth pattern group. (p<0.05) 3)Amounts of increase in articular angle were greater in counter lockwise growth pattern group than those in clockwise growth pattern group. (p<0.05)

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 2019~2022학년도 중등교사 임용시험 교육학문제의 연도별 핵심어와 그 경향, 핵심어들의 언어네트워크를 분석하여 그 결과를 제시하는 것이다. 주요 연구방법론은 텍스트 마이닝 기법과 언어네트워크 분석방법이었으며, 분석프로그램으로는 KrKwic, Wordcloud Maker, Ucinet6, NetDraw 등이었다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연도별 교육학문제의 상위출현빈도 핵심어는 교사, 학생, 교육과정, 수업, 평가 등의 기존 상위출현빈도 핵심어들이었으며, 최근 코로나 19 상황의 온라인수업 진행을 반영한 핵심어(온라인, 위키, 토의식, 정보 등)들도 추가로 등장하는 경향을 보였다. 4개년도 통합 텍스트에서의 상위출현빈도 핵심어는 학생(44), 교사(39), 수업(27), 학교(18), 교육과정(16), 온라인(10), 토의식(8) 등이었다. 둘째, 4개년도 상위출현빈도 핵심어들의 전체 언어네트워크는 상당한 수준의 밀도(0.566), 총연결수(492), 평균연결정도(16.4)로 분석되었다. 연결정도 중심성은 교사(199.0), 수업(197.0), 학생(185.0), 학교(150.0) 순으로 나타났으며, 매개 중심성은 교사(30.859), 수업(18.956), 학생(16.054), 학교(15.745) 순으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 중등교사 임용시험 수험생인 예비교사, 해당 시험 출제 관리하는 기관과 관련자, 중등학교 예비교사 양성기관의 교수자와 행정가들에게 고려해볼 만한 자료가 되길 기대한다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.111-122
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• 1990

To investigate the relationship of skeletal maturity among the normal occlusion group and each malocclusion groups, the author used hand and wrist X-ray of 133 Korean 13 year old boys (normal occlusion 30, Class I malocclusion 35, Class II malocclusion 35 and Class III malocclusion 33) and assessed their skeletal maturity. In this study, fourteen skeletal maturity stages were selected from; Radius, Hamate, Pisiform, Ulnar sesamoid of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the first thumb, proximal phalanges of the first, second and third finger, middle and distal phalanx of the third finger. The difference of skeletal maturity of each malocclusion groups in relative to normal occlusion group and that of each malocclusion groups were analyzed. The findings of this study can be summerized as follows: 1. Average skeletal maturity stage of each groups were MP3cap stage in normal occlusion group, H-2 stage in Class I malocclusion group, midstage between S and H-2 stage in Class II malocclusion group, MP3cap stage in Class III malocclusion group. 2. There was no significant difference in skeletal maturity of Class I malocclusion and Class III malocclusion groups in relative to normal occlusion group. 3. There was significant retardation of skeletal maturity in Class II malocclusion group in relative to normal occlusion group. 4. There was no significant difference in skeletal maturity between Class I and Class II malocclusion groups. 5. There was no significant difference in skeletal maturity between Class I and Class III malocclusion groups. 6. There was significant retardation of skeletal maturity in Class II malocclusion group in relative to Class III malocclusion group.