• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the antioxidant mechanism of tomato wine with varying lycopene content in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10 per group) and fed an HFD (35% of total energy from fat) plus ethanol (7.2% of total energy from alcohol), tomato wine with varying lycopene content (0.425 mg%, 1.140 mg% or 2.045 mg% lycopene) or an isocaloric control diet for 6 weeks. Mice fed HFD plus ethanol significantly increased erythrocyte hydrogen peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels with increases in activities of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GR) compared to pair-fed rats. Supplementation of tomato wine with varying lycopene content decreased ethanol-mediated increases of erythrocyte lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in HFD-fed rats, and tomato wine with higher lycopene appeared to be more effective. Tomato wine also dose-dependently lowered TBARS levels with decreased pro-oxidant enzyme, xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity in plasma of HFD-fed rats. In contrast to erythrocytes, the inhibitory effects of tomato wine on hepatic lipid peroxidation were linked to increased hepatic antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) and alcohol metabolizing enzyme (alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase) activities. There were no significant differences in hepatic XOD and cytochrome P450-2E1 activities among the groups. Together, our data suggest that tomato wine fortified with lycopene has the potential to protect against ethanol-induced oxidative stress via regulation of antioxidant or pro-oxidant enzymes and alcohol metabolizing enzyme activities in plasma, erythrocyte and liver.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.11-32
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• 2010

Objective : The aim of this study is to determine the effects of Dendrobii herba extract and Punica granatum extract on skin disease and skin beauty. Methods : To investigate in vitro anti-oxidant activity assay, ethanol extracts of medicinal plants tested by DPPH radical, xanthine oxidase activity. In the next experiment, to investigate anti-inflammatory activity assay, examined by relations in NO synthesis, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$, NF-${\kappa}B$, COX-2, MAP kinase. To study Skin wrinkle formation effect, we were examined by tyrosinase activities, melanin synthesis in MNT-1 cell. Results : 1. In an anti-oxidant test, Dendrobii and Punica granatum extract showed high radical scavenging activity. 2. In an anti-inflammatory test, Dendrobii herba and Punica granatum extract weakly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nitric oxide(NO) release from RAW 246.7 macrophage cells. Dendrobii herba and Punica granatum extract also inhibited LPS-induced IL-$1{\beta}$ and COX-2 expressions. The inhibitory effect of Dendrobii herba and Punica granatum extract on macrophage activation were via the inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$, evidenced by transient transfection assay. however, Dendrobii herba and Punica granatum extract did not have any effects about activation of Jun-N-terminal kinase(JNK) and inhibition of p38 MAP kinase in RAW 264.7 cells. 3. In the skin wrinkle formation assay, Dendrobii herba and Punica granatum extract weakly inhibited collagenase and elastase, however it was not statistically significant. 4. In the skin whitening assay, Dendrobii herba and Punica granatum extract weakly inhibited tyrosinase activity, however, it was not statistically significant. They did not have any effect on melanin synthesis, indicating that they could not be applicable for skin whitening. Conclusion : Dendrobii herba extract and Punica granatum extract may play a significant role in skin disease and skin beauty.

• 좋은식품
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• 통권169호
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• pp.104-115
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• 2002

한국산 검정콩의 종피색소를 1$\%$ HCL 용액으로 4$^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 추출하여0.45$\mu$mmembrane filter로 여과한 후 Sep-pak plus $C_{18}$ cartridge를 통과시켜 흡착된 색소성분을 메탄올로 용출시켜 30$^{\circ}C$에서 농축하여 실험을 실시하였다. 검정콩 세 가지 품종의 조색소액의 생리활성 효과를 살펴본 결과 고혈압에 관여하는 angiotensin converting enzyme 저해실험에서는 검정콩 1호, 일품검정콩 및 밀양 95호에서의 $IC_{50}$는 각각 0.22, 0.28, 0.38mg/mL로 나타나 검정콩 1호가 가장 우수하였다. 통풍에 관여하는 xanthine oxidase 저해실험에서의 $IC_{50}$이 각각 0.118, 0.165, 0.163mg/mL로 나타나 angiotensin converting enzyme 저해실험에서와 동일하게 검정콩 1호가 가장 높게 나타났다. 항염증효과를 살펴본 결과 $cPLA_2$를 50$\%$ 저해하는 $IC_{50}$값이 19.7, 10.7, 25.3$\mu$g/mL로 나타났으며, 암세포 증식 억제능을 실험한 결과 각각의 시료 중 밀양 95호가 0.5mg/mL의 농도에서 사람 유래의 결장암 세포주인 HT-29 및 사람과 마우스 유래의 간암 세포주인 HepG2와 Hepa에 대하여 각각 66.0$\%$, 58.2$\%$, 64.4$\%$의 억제능을 보여 시료 중 구성된 검정콩 1호보다는 여러 색소 성분이 공존하는 것이 더 유리한 결과를 나타내었으며, 여러 가지 가능성을 가지는 색소임을 알 수 있었다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2001

Effects of Taeumjowetang on Lipid Peroxidation by Free Radicals and Oxidative Damage of Hepatocytes by tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide. 1. Purpose The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant effects of Taeumjowetang in vitro. 2. Methods In this study, antioxidant effects of TJT on lipid peroxidation were determined according to the method of TBA. (Abbreviation) TJT : Taeumjowetang, TBA : 2-thiobarbituric acid. 3. Results : 1) TJT inhibited markedly peroxidation of linoleic acid during the autoxidation. 2) TJT inhibited lipid peroxidation induced by hydroxyl radical derived from H2O2-Fe2+ in rat liver homogenate. 3) TJT showed 66% scavenging effect on DPPH radical. 4) TJT exhibited a 25% inhibitory effect on superoxide generation from xanthine-xan thine oxidase system. 5) To investigate the antioxidative effects of TJT on the hepatocytes, cultured normal rat liver cells(Ac2F) were prepared and incubated with or without TJT. After 16~18hr, cells placed in DMEM medium without serum, and then incubated with 1mM t-BHP for 2hr. Viable cells were detected by MTT assay. In this test, TJT protected the cell death induced by t-BHP and significantly increased cell viability in the normal rat liver cell. (Abbreviation) DPPH : ${\alpha},{\alpha}$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picryl hydrazyl, DMEM : Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium, t-BHP : terr-butyl hydroperoxide, 4. Conclusion These results suggested that TJT might play a protective role in lipid peroxidation by free radicals.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.23-43
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• 2010

Objective : This study was performed to assess the effects of Aloe and Violae herba extracts on skin disease and skin beauty. Methods : Anti-oxidant effects were measured by the scavenging for DPPH radical, xanthine oxidase activity. Anti-inflammatory effects were examined by relations in NO synthesis, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$, NF-kB, COX-2, MAP kinase. The skin wrinkle formation effects were measured by collagenase and elastase activities. The whitening effects were examined by tyrosinase activities, melanin synthesis in MNT-1 cell. Results : 1. In an anti-oxidant test, Aloe and Violae herba extracts showed high radical scavenging activity. 2. In an anti-inflammatory test, Aloe and Violae herba extracts strongly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nitric oxide(NO) release from the RAW 246.7 macrophage cells. Aloe and Violae herba extracts also inhibited the LPS-induced IL-$1{\beta}$ and COX-2 expressions. The inhibitory effects of Aloe and Violae herba extracts on macrophage activation were via the inhibition of NF-kB, evidenced by transient transfection assay. Furthermore, Aloe and Violae herba extracts weakly inhibited the activation of Jun-N-terminal kinase(JNK) but they did not have any effects on p38 MAP kinase in RAW 264.7 cells. 3. In the skin wrinkle formation assay, Aloe extract strongly inhibited collagenase and elastase, whose activity are tightly related with the wrinkle formation. 4. In the skin whitening assay, Aloe and Viloae herba extracts weakly inhibited tyrosinase activity, however, it was not statistically significant. Besides they did not have any effects on melanin synthesis, indicating that they could not be applicable for skin whitening. Conclusion : This study show that Aloe and Violae herba extracts may play a significant role in skin disease and skin beauty.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.357-364
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• 2018

Manganese (Mn) is used as main materials in various chemical processes of industry, but it suggested that Mn brings about its toxicant by fume or dust through respiratory system and skin barrier. Mn toxicant induces the loss of mental health and life quality by cerebrovascular and skin diseases. Nevertheless, it lefts much unknown on the mechanism and the effectively therapeutic methods about Mn toxicant. Therefore, this study was evaluated the cytotoxicity induced by manganese dioxide ($MnO_2$) in cultured NIH3T3 fibroblasts, and also, the correlation between $MnO_2$-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress was examined. While, the effect of Eclipta prostrata L. (EP) extract belong to Compositae was assessed against $MnO_2$-induced cytotoxicity in the view of antioxidative effect for searching the natural resources mitigating or preventing the $MnO_2$-induced cytotoxicity. In this study, $MnO_2$-induced cytotoxicity was revealed as mid-toxic by Borenfreud and Puerner's toxic criteria, and catalase (CAT), an antioxidant prevented $MnO_2$-induced cytotoxicity by the remarkable increase of cell viability in these cultures. While, in the protective effect of EP extract on $MnO_2$-induced cytotoxicity, EP extract effectively prevented the cytotoxicity induced by $MnO_2$ via antioxidative effects such as xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory ability and DPPH-radical scavenging ability. From the above results, EP extract showed the effective prevention against $MnO_2$-induced cytotoxicity correlated with oxidative stress by antioxidative effects. Conclusively, this study may be useful to research or development the alternatively therapeutic agent from natural resources like EP extract for the treatment of diseases resulted in oxidative stress.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.371-387
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• 2019

Although the dried root of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. (Umbelliferae) is a popular medicinal plant in East Asia, there has been no systemic toxicological evaluation of a water extract of Saposhnikoviae Radix (SRE). In this experiment, an oral acute and 13-week subchronic toxicological evaluations of SRE (500-5,000 mg/kg body weight) were performed in both sexes of Crl:CD(SD) rats. Based on the results from mortality, clinical signs, effects on body weight and organ weight, clinical biochemistry, hematology, urinalysis, and histopathology, significant acute, 4-week repeated dose range finding (DRF) and 13-week subchronic toxicity of SRE was not observed in either sex of rats; thus, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was 5,000 mg (kg/day). To identify anti-hyperuricemia potential of SRE, the suppressive effect of SRE was determined in mice challenged with potassium oxonate (PO; 250 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injection for 8 days (each group; n = 7). SRE supplementation suppressed the uric acid level in urine through significant xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. Kidney dysfunctions were observed in PO-challenged mice as evidenced by an increase in serum creatinine level. Whereas, SRE supplementation suppressed it in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, SRE was safe up to 5,000 mg (kg/day) based on NOAEL found from acute and 13-week subchronic toxicological evaluations. SRE had anti-hyperuricemia effect and lowered the excessive level of uric acid, a potential factor for gout and kidney failure.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.249-257
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• 2022

Objectives : Aquilaria crassna is a traditional herbal medicine, which is used to treat allergies, diabetes, neurological diseases. Recently, Aquilaria crassna extracts have been reported in anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, various solvents fraction of Aquilaria crassna were investigated on various physiological activities. Methods : According to the polarity, the solvents fraction of Aquilaria crassna were confirmed through TLC, and the activities of the extracts were confirmed in anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, whitening, anti-gout, and anti-inflammation. Results : TLC results showed that ACM and ACM/E have similar patterns and most of the components were transferred to ACM/E. Treatment with ACM and ACM/E fraction were significantly decreased the generation of NO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage cells. Analysis of biological activities such as α-glucosidase, protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B), tyrosinase, xanthine oxidase (XO) and pancreatic lipase inhibition, showed that ACM and ACM/E have more inhibitory effects than other fractions. Conclusions : Therefore, the results of the present study clearly demonstrate that Aquilaria crassna and its constituents might be beneficial in the prevention or treatment of immune-regulating effects.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2004

신선찰거대배아미, 화청거대배아미 및 남풍거대배아미 등 거대배 돌연변이 계통 쌀 3종류 및 일반미의 70% 에탄올 추출물을 제조하여, 이들의 항산화 활성 및 항변이원성을 비교 검정하였다. 거대배아미 추출물의 항산화 활성은 DPPH radical 및 Fenton 반응에 의해서 유도되는 hydroxy radical의 소거활성, hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system에서 생성되는 활성산소종인 superoxide radical의 소거활성, linoleic acid자동산화에 대한 지질 과산화 억제활성 및 토끼 적혈구 막지질의 과산화 억제활성 둥으로써 검정하였으며, 항변이원성은 E. coli PQ 37 균주를 사용하여 화학적 변이원 mitomycin C에 대한 변이원성 억제효과를 SOS chromotest에 의해서 검정하였다. 일반미 품종에 비해서 거대배아미 품종의 항산화 활성 및 항변이원성이 모두 높았으며, 거대배아미 품종 중에서는 남풍거대배아미가 가장 효과적인 경향이 있었다. 남풍거대배아미의 DPPH radical, superoxide radical과 hydroxyl radical 소거활성, 그리고 지질과산화 억제활성은 일반미보다 각각 2.3배, 3.3배, 1.7배 및 2.5배 정도까지 더 높았다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.606-614
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• 2023

This study was conducted to optimize the size of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (OF) as a material of sikhae and to investigate the quality characteristics. The results on the protease activity of OF meat, protein and ash contents of the bone, and yields and hardness of fish bone during fermentation time suggest that the suitable fish weight for sikhae was less than 250 g. The proximate compositions of the OF sikhae fermented under optimum condition (fermentation for 9 days at 15℃), were 73.0% moisture, 12.0% crude protein, 1.3% crude fat and 2.4% ash. The salinity, titration acidity and amino acid nitrogen contents per 100 g sikhae were 1.7 g, 2.46 g, and 311.3 mg, respectively. The lactic acid bacteria concentration in the sikhae were 8.84 log CFU/g, which were higher than those (5.78-6.62 log CFU/g) of 5 kind of commercial flounder sikhae. The functional properties, such as ACE inhibitory activity (69.0%), antioxidative activity (69.3%), α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (22.7%), xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity (88.2%), and nitrite scavenging activity (96.4%) of the sikhae were superior to those of 5 kind of commercial flounder sikhae.