• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.46 no.1
• /
• pp.44-50
• /
• 2014

We evaluated the enzyme inhibitory activity of germinated rough rice (Oryza sativar L.) treated by high pressure (30MPa) for 24 h (HP24) and 48 h (HP48). In rice germinated for 1 day, the ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity reached its highest level, 68.32%, at HP48. The ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory activity increased from 32.66-57.00% at HP0, to 43.67-74.82% at HP48. On the other hand, the inhibitory activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme increased from 27.98% to 49.42% over the course of the second day of HP48. The inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase peaked of 67.51% at HP48 and subsequently decreased. Lipase inhibitory activity increased from 24.04-47.91% at HP0, to 29.62-64.63% at HP48. These results provide useful information for the use of germinated rough rice as a functional food material and demonstrate that high-pressure treatment during the germination process efficiently increase enzyme inhibitory activity.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.27 no.8
• /
• pp.902-908
• /
• 2017

In this study, the extracted phenolic compounds from 98 species of oriental herbal medicine were examined for biological activities to be used as functional resources. In particular, the anti-gout effect by xanthine oxidase (XOase) inhibition was determined using water and ethanol as extraction solvents because of their non-toxicity in the human body. The extracts of Chrysanthemum indicum L. (83.45%), Cuscuta chinensis (60.22%), Asiasarum sieboldi F. Maekawa (51.66%), Acorus gramineus (67.8%), Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum (75.23%), Thuja orientalis (47.27%), Polygonum aviculare (53.98%), Carthami semen (63.99%), and Syzygium aromaticum (40.22%) showed relatively high XOase inhibitory activity. Chrysanthemum indicum L. was selected for its high XOase inhibitory activity. The biological compounds in Chrysanthemum indicum L. were identified to contain phenolics included in extracts of solids. Ultra-fine grind technology showed a higher extraction yield than normal grind and fine grind technology. Ethanol extracts showed relatively higher XOase inhibitory activity than water extracts. XOase inhibitory activity increased in a dependent manner as phenolic concentration increased. Therefore, ultra-fine grind technology was confirmed for use in increasing the extraction yield of XOase inhibitory compounds from Chrysanthemum indicum L.. Extracts from Chrysanthemum indicum L. are expected to be a useful functional resource for the prevention or treatment of gout.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.92-95
• /
• 2004

Biological activities and anticarcinogenicity of Korean Pear peel were investigated, Electron donating activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity of fraction II, III were up to 80% and 50-60% at 50 ppm, respectively, Inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase were about 80% at 50 ppm, breast adenocarcinoma was about 60% at 2,000 ppm, higher III than II Inhibitory effect on prostate adenocarcinoma was about 23% at 500 ppm. In conclusion, Korean pear peel was expected to use as a functional material.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.53-56
• /
• 2011

We collected wild mushroom, Sarcodon aspratus from Deogyu Mt. of Muju, Jeollabuk-do and physiological functionalities of its water extract were investigated. The water extracts from S. aspratus showed the highest antihypertensive angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of 74.3% and also showed high anti-gout xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory activity (59.6%). However, tyrosinase inhibitory activity was very low (17.3%), and antioxidant activity and SOD-likely activity were not detected. The ACE inhibitory activity of S. aspratus fruiting body was the highest when powder of the fruiting body was shaked at $30^{\circ}C$ for 24 h by distilled water. Furthermore, the XOD inhibitory activity was also the highest by extraction at $50^{\circ}C$ for 24 h with water.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.137-141
• /
• 2015

This study focused on isolation of wild yeasts from natural flowers and elucidation of yeast diversity. Wild yeasts were isolated from various flowers collected from mountains on the islands including Jejudo, Ulleungdo, Yokjido, and Seonyudo as well as inlands including Gyejoksan, Oseosan, Beakamsan, and Deogyusan in Korea. Isolated yeasts were identified by comparison of nucleotide sequences for polymerrase chain reaction-amplified D1/D2 region of 26S rDNA or internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 including 5.8S rDNA using BLAST. 289 strains belonging to 134 yeast species were isolated. Cryptococcus genus strains were the most frequently isolated species among the identified yeasts. Metschnikowia reukaufii was also frequently isolated. Twenty three species including Cryptococcus aureus were overlapped between those of mountains on islands and inland. Physiological functionalities such as antioxidant activity, xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity for the 289 identified yeast strains were investigated using their supernatant and cell-free extracts. The supernatants of Candida sp. 78-J-2 and Metschnikowia reukaufii SY44-6 showed antioxidant activity of 22.5%, and anti-gout xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of 49.6%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.533-538
• /
• 2008

In order to fine antioxidant and whitening agent source from nature, the comparisons of antioxidative activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity were carried out for various ethanol extract on Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Polygonati Rhizoma and Ephedrae Herba. Comparing for three ethanol extracts, the highest electron donating ability was found at Polygonati Rhizoma (86.6%), but, the highest SOD-like ability, at the Ephedrae Herba (47.8%). Xanthine oxidase experiment exhibited 95.7% of hindrance effect in Ephedrae Herba, and 84.0% in Polygonati Rhizoma. A tyrosinase inhibitory activity assay was conducted to evaluate the whitening effects of the extracts, The tyrosinase inhibitory activity was 6.5% in the Polygoni Multiflori Radix, 32.6% in the Polygonati Rhizoma, 64.0% in the Ephedrae Herba. Based on these results, we suggest that the ethanol extracts of Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Polygonati Rhizoma and Ephedrae Herba can be used as food and cosmetic ingredients.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.219-225
• /
• 2008

In order to fine antioxidant and whitening agent source from nature, the comparisons of antioxidative activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity were carried out for various ethanol extract on Pueraria Radix, Poria Cocos, and Coptidis Rhizoma. Comparing for three ethanol extracts, the highest electron donating ability was found at Poria Cocos (81.2%), but, the highest SOD-like ability, at the Coptidis Rhizoma(58%). Xanthine oxidase experiment exhibited 23.3% of hindrance effect in Pueraria Radix, and 79.3% in Poria Cocos. To evaluate at the whitening effect, tyrosinase inhibitory activity was conducted. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was detected at 17.9% in the Puerariae Radix, 5.2% in the Poria Cocos and 83.3% in the Coptidis Rhizoma. From these results, we suggest that the ethanol extracts from Pueraria Radix, Poria Cocos, and Coptidis Rhizoma can be used for cosmetic ingredients.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.288-295
• /
• 2015

In this study, we investigate the physicochemical characteristics of dried bracken (Pteridium aquilinum Kuhn) harvested in Namhae. The moisture, ash, crude protein and crude lipid content was $10.79{\pm}0.31%$, $6.16{\pm}0.04%$, $33.20{\pm}0.40%$ and $2.45{\pm}0.27%$, respectively. The total mineral (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Mn) content was $36720.1{\pm}495.7mg/kg$, with K being the highest at $31890.0{\pm}503.8mg/kg$. The total free amino acid content was 704.41 mg/100 g, the amount of methionine, citrulline and sarcosine being higher than the others. The water and 50% ethanol extracts from the dried bracken were evaluated for the total poly phenolic compound content, antioxidant activity and xanthine oxidase and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The total polyphenol content in the 50% ethanol extract ($1574.86{\pm}18.31mg/100g$) was higher than in the water extract ($1240.24{\pm}16.32mg/100g$). The DPPH and ABT radical scavenging activity was increased according to the concentration of bracken extract, and the activity in the 50% ethanol extract was higher than in the water extract. In addition, the xanthine oxidase and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity was also higher in the 50% ethanol extract than in the water extract. In conclusion, bracken has great antioxidative and antidiabetic effects and can be used as a preventive agent for oxidation and diabetes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.917-923
• /
• 2013

This study investigated the enzyme inhibitory effects of ethanol extracts from the different parts of rough rice (Oryza sativar L.) from its germination period. Rough rice was germinated at $37^{\circ}C$ for 6 days, then separated into hull+sprout and brown rice. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibitory activity had the highest value (39.38%) in hull+sprout extracts after 5 days of germination. ${\alpha}$-Amylase and DPP-4 inhibitory activity had the highest values (75.32% and 47.77%, respectively) in hull+sprout extracts after germination for 5 days. ACE inhibitory activity of hull+ sprout extracts increased from 43.16% at the beginning to 58.60% at 5 days, while brown rice extracts increased this activity from 0.88% at the beginning to 14.50% at 4 days. The xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of hull+ sprout extracts increased from 62.02% at the beginning to 64.49% at one day, and then decreased. Lipase inhibitory activity had its highest value (55.17%) in hull+sprout extracts after germination for 5 days. These results indicate that the optimal germination period for increasing enzyme inhibitory activities may be 5 days, and that hull+sprout extracts have a higher enzyme inhibition activity than brown rice.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.185-191
• /
• 2015

This research was carried out to determine the differences of physiological activites between Grifola frondosa of log cultivation(LC) and Grifola frondosa of bottle cultivation(BC). Total flavonoids content, total phenolics content, electron donating ability(EDA), nitrite-scavenging ability(NSA), SOD-like activity and inhibitory effect of Xanthine oxidase were examined. The highest value of total flavonoid content is $5.96{\pm}0.81mg/g$ in water extract from Grifola frondosa of log cultivation at $40^{\circ}C$ (LC-W40) but, one of total phenolics compound is $44.53{\pm}0.89mg/g$ in water extract from Grifola frondosa of bottle cultivation at $40^{\circ}{\cdots}$ (BC-W40). The EDA using DPPH of BC-W40 extract showed the highest value of $97.14{\pm}0.71%$. Nitrite-scavenging ability was $62.55^{\circ}{\ae}0.36%$ in extract from Grifola frondosa of BC-W40 at pH 1.2. The value was SOD-like activity showed the highest value of $18.95^{\circ}{\ae}1.39%$ in extract from LC-W40. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was the highest value of $54.31{\pm}0.40%$ in extract from Grifola frondosa BC-W40, and dependent on concentrations. These results showed that a the antioxidant effects of Grifola frondosa is excellent. However, physiological activities of Grifola frondosa were not depend on caltivation method regulary, and were different according to kind of solvents, concentraitions and physialogical factors examined such as EDA, SOD-like activity and NSA.