• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.363-371
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• 2016

Background: Seafaring is an inherently stressful environment. Because working time and leisure time is spent in the same confined environment for a prolonged period of time, many stressors present in seafaring can also be conceived of as chronic. We explored the effects of duration at sea, seafaring experience, environmental stressors, and psychological capital (PsyCap) on the sleep quality and fatigue of seafarers. PsyCap is a construct that draws upon ideas from positive psychology and positive organizational behavior, and is intended to capture an individual's psychological capacities that can be developed and utilized for performance improvements. Methods: We collected survey data from a sample of seafarers working in the offshore re-supply industry (n = 402) and a sample of seafarers working on board combined passenger and cargo ships (n = 340). Results: PsyCap emerged as a robust predictor with statistically significant relations to fatigue and sleep quality in both samples. PsyCap also interacted with duration at sea in explaining fatigue in seafarers working on board the passenger and cargo ships. Seafarers on passenger and cargo ships also reported significantly higher levels of fatigue than those working in the offshore re-supply industry. Conclusion: Coupled with emerging research showing that PsyCap is trainable, our results suggest that maritime organizations could have much to gain by being cognizant of and developing routines for continually developing the PsyCap of their employees.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.1 no.4 s.4
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• pp.74-81
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• 2000

The duration of construction in the construction works contains non-working days as well as working days. The duration is so relevant to climate that it should be calculated after fully considered about the regional climate in which construction processes. In most construction fields, however, there has been a frequent adjustment of duration because the field supervisor's experiences have decided non-working days indiscriminately without any accurate information about weather. Not only has that done great economic damages, but also caused many problems in interests among construction subject. So, in this study, we will analyse the elements of climate which has influences on the duration and implement the hypothetical weather simulation. By connecting the results of simulation with the duration of construction, we will propose the decision-making support model for the efficient calculation of duration when the field supervisor makes the projects schedule.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.6 s.22
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• pp.138-145
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• 2004

The construction duration for any building or facilities such as high school building influence the quality of the building as well as the total cost for them. Since there are no guidelines to estimate construction duration correctly, an employer(or owner) estimate it by their own experience or intuition. Therefore some conflicts related to construction duration happen between contract parties during construction. The purpose of this study is to suggest a predictive model which helps decision makers calculate exact net working days for high school building construction at the early stage of the construction project. To measure net working days for high school construction, 15 data were collected from actual spot in Incheon region. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to obtain the model which calculate construction duration for the substructure, the superstructure and the finishing works. total construction duration could be obtained by adding net working days to non working days which would be based on the meteorological statistics for Incheon region since 1974 to 2003.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.6 s.22
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• pp.170-178
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• 2004

Public construction companies have strictly followed a rule that they should not work in the wet area such as structural frame for a certain period during the winter season. It is usually known that the non-working period during the winter causes increase of the project duration, and the project cost escalation. Also, it makes negative effects on national economy because it reduces workers income. Therefore, the site work for the structural frame should be performed even during the whiter season. But the site work for the structural frame during that period cannot proceeds in the same way as during other periods, and requires a different method for estimating project duration. Through an analysis of time scheduling mechanism, actual working days are obtained for 1 cycle of typical floors in the structural frame during these periods, and non-working days of 5 years average are calculated based on calendar day using data of 5 years weather forecasts for that season. This study proposes an optimized way of estimating project duration for 1 cycle of typical floors in the structural frame during these periods. This estimating method uses the combined actual working days and non-working days of 5 years' average, and the estimated results are confirmed by being compared with field data. This study is expected to be used in estimating the construction duration of the structural frame during the winter season.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.531-534
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• 2001

At the beginning of construction, the estimation for the construction duration is very important to effectively control and use labors, builder's equipment, permanent and temporary materials, supplies and utilities, and money. In spite of the importance of the estimation for the construction duration, there is no estimation standard of optimal construction duration in korea. The purpose of this study is to suggest the estimation standard of optimal construction duration that is reasonable and systematical through developing the method for estimating, the construction duration. it is expected to be helpful for estimating, planning and scheduling. The analysis is executed the existing estimation standards and consulting the results of the interviews with the on-site engineers and the concrete compressive stress tests.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.157-180
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• 2018

This paper empirically analyzes how working conditions of employees and executives affect Korean companies' survival. To this end, a survival analysis based on the accelerated failure time model is conducted from the end of December 2012 to the end of September 2018 on the 2012 year-end financial data for corporations whose common stocks have ever been listed either in the KOSPI market or in the KOSDAQ market with fiscal year ending at the end of December. The analysis shows that the average wage level per employee and the number of executives relative to the number of employees threaten while the average duration of service for female employees prolongs firm survival. Here, the average wage level per employee has turned out to worsen firm survivability regardless of the gender of employees in question while the average duration of service improves firm survivability only in case the employees are female: the average duration of service for male employees or the entire employees has turned out not to have any statistically significant influence on firm survival. The average compensation per executive and the percentage of temporary employees have turned out not to have any statistically significant influence on firm survival while the percentage of female employees has shown statistically significant positive influence on firm survival in some, although not all, models employed in our study. These results are expected to be a good reference in the course of our reaching agreements regarding the improvement of working conditions either between firms and employees or among the members of the entire society.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.747-753
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• 2009

Planning the construction for a system of bored piles in building foundation engineering is (1) to predict the time duration required to complete all the bored piles with due consideration of relevant engineering factors and site constraints; then (2) to predict the total project time generally by aggregating the predicted working duration for construction of each bored pile. The duration for construction of an individual bored pile results from analyzing various working sequences and different activity duration (such as predrilling, excavation, steelfixing, air-lifting, and concreting, etc.), which is informed by experiences and site records of previous projects. However, determining the project duration for constructing many bored piles on one site is much more complicated than adding up the time duration for individual piles. In practice, project schedules are often found to be unrealistic and incorrect during the construction stage. This is because construction planning is not based on a exhaustive and comprehensive evaluation of site factors, such as site layout plan, site constraints, quality control, environmental control, safety control and logical relationships between different trades. In this paper, we identify those factors based on a foundation engineering site in Hong Kong with ninety-seven bored piles and address their effects on uncertainties in activity time and project time.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07b
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• pp.1167-1169
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• 1996

As electrical discharge machinery(EDM) is industrial process which is manufactured by discharge energy, by producing discharge, EDM process finished material at the little micrometer air gap. Especially, EDM is used for the characteristic of heat-resisting material, it puts to use air-space industrial element, confusing shaping material such as jet engine, rocket elements. Working performance. is changed by environment of working, discharge current voltage and duration of discharge pulse. Evaluation of performance working is work speed, clearance smoothing of product surface, wasting of pole. In this paper, this machine is compensated by adaptive controller which corrects the weak points of classical machine which is observed and operated working condition by user in hands. The previous purpose is main object in this thesis. The adaptive controller automatically detect abnormal condition and working conditions. To improve performance, surface smoothing and working speed, the adaptive controller uses fuzzy control strategy. To evaluate performance, this controller is implemented by microprocessor i80c196 and is applied real experimental machine.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.397-402
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• 2013

In super-tall building construction projects, schedule risk factors which vertically change and are not found in the low and middle-rise building construction influence duration of a project by vertical attribute; and it makes hard to estimate activity or overall duration of a construction project. However, the existing duration estimating methods, that are based on quantity and productivity assuming activities of the same work item have the same risk and duration regardless of operation space, are not able to consider the schedule risk factors which change by the altitude of operation space. Therefore, in order to advance accuracy of duration estimation of super-tall building projects, the degree of changes of these risk factors according to altitude should be analyzed and incorporated into a duration estimating method. This research proposes a simulation model using Monte Carlo method for estimating activity duration incorporating schedule risk factors by weather conditions in a super-tall building. The research process is as follows. Firstly, the schedule risk factors in super-tall building are identified through literature and expert reviews, and occurrence of non-working days at high altitude by weather condition is identified as one of the critical schedule risk factors. Secondly, a calculating method of the vertical distributions of the weather factors such as temperature and wind speed is analyzed through literature reviews. Then, a probability distribution of the weather factors is developed using the weather database of the past decade. Thirdly, a simulation model and algorithms for estimating non-working days and duration of each activity is developed using Monte-Carlo method. Finally, sensitivity analysis and a case study are carried out for the validation of the proposed model.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.129-137
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• 2002

Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate predictors of job satisfaction of home visiting nurses at the 16 public health centers in Busan. Method: There are two groups of independent factors: non-work related (age. educational level. working duration as nurses in hospitals. certificate). and work related (working duration as nurses in public health centers. working duration as home visiting nurse. position. number of households visited per week, workload, cooperation among staff, support by supervisors, supply of vehicles, supply of materials). The participants were 88 home visiting nurses from 16 public health centers in Busan. Data were collected with self-administrated questionnaires and analysed using an univariate logistic regression and multiple logistic regression analysis. Result: support by supervisors (good vs not-good, OR=3.70. p=0.025), and supply of materials (good vs not-good, OR=3.33, p=0.038) had significants effects on job satisfaction. Conclusion: The results were similar to those of other studies on the predictors of job satisfaction of clinical nurse at hospitals, and were helpful in developing nursing interventions to increase job satisfaction among home visiting nurses in public health centers. Busan.