• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.513-517
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• 2022

An investigation of the severe destruction of wood ear mushroom (Auricularia auricula-judae), which were commercially cultivated in a plastic house in Hwabuk-myeon, Jeju-si, South Korea from April to August 2021, revealed a tenebrionid beetle subsequently identified as Platydema takeii Nakane, 1956 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Diaperinae). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a tenebrionid species infesting commercially cultivated mushrooms in South Korea. The damage symptoms and diagnosable characteristics of adults and larvae of P. takeii are provided in this study.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.88-95
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• 2014

Auricularia auricula-judae is an edible mushroom, which is known as wood ear, free ear, black ear mushroom, and free jelly fish. This study was carried out to obtain the basic information for mycelial culture conditions of Auricularia auriculajudae. According to colony diameter and mycelial density, the media for suitable mycelial growth were PDA and MCM. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth was $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$. Carbon and nitrogen sources were mannose and malt extract, respectively. The optimum C/N ratio was in the range of 10 to 1 with 2% glucose. Other minor components for the optimal growth were thiamine-HCl and biotin as vitamins, succinic acid and lactic acid as organic acids, and $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ and $KH_2PO_4$ as mineral salts.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.5-7
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• 2010

Auricularia auricula-judae is an edible mushroom, which is known as wood ear, free ear, black ear mushroom, and free jelly fish. Present experiments were conducted to determine the possibility of artificial cultivation with oak sawdust of A. auricula-judae. The duration of mycelial growth and days of pinhead formation on oak sawdust bag (1.4 kg) were 29~32 days and 13~17 days, respectively. The yield of fresh fruit-body was 275~350 g.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.66-77
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• 2024

Black wood ear mushroom (Auricularia auricula-judae) is one of the most economically important mushrooms in China, Japan, and Korea. The cultivation of wood ear mushrooms on artificial substrates is more efficient in terms of time and cost compared with their natural growth on trees. However, if the substrate cultivation is infected by fast-growing fungi, the relatively slow-growing ear mushroom will be outcompeted, leading to economic losses. In this study, we investigated the competitive fungal isolates from substrates infected with fast-growing fungi for the cultivation of ear mushrooms in Jangheung and Sunchon, Korea. We collected 54 isolates and identified them by sequencing their internal transcribed spacer region with morphological identification. Among the isolates, the dominant isolates were Trichoderma spp. (92.6%), Penicillium spp. (5.6%), and Talaromyces sp. (1.8%). To find an appropriate eco-friendly biocontrol agent, we used five Streptomyces spp. and Benomyl, as controls against Trichoderma spp. and Penicillium spp. Among the six Streptomyces spp., Streptomyces sp. JC203-3 effectively controlled the fungi Trichoderma spp. and Penicillium spp., which pose a significant problem for the substrates of black wood ear mushrooms. This result indicated that this Streptomyces sp. JC203-3 can be used as biocontrol agents to protect against Trichoderma and Penicillium spp.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.381-386
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• 2017

Ergocalciferol is known as having vitamin D activity. In this study, the effects of UV irradiation on the increase of egocalciferol content were investigated in 7 kinds of mushrooms, i.e, lily mushroom (Flammulina velutipes), oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), young oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii), button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), shiitake (Lentinula edodes), and wood ear mushroom (Auricularia auricula-judae). Mushrooms which were not exposed to UV light contained negligible amount of ergocalciferol in all kinds of tested mushrooms, but UV irradiation increased their content of ergocalciferol. Of UV A, B and C, UV B light was the most effective to increase ergocalciferol contents. In mushrooms, the increase in ergocalciferol content occurred only in the peel within 1 mm depth from the surface, which was directly exposed to the UV light. Therefore, when fresh whole mushrooms were irradiated with UV light, lily mushroom, the mushroom with a larger surface area compared to volume, such as lily mushroom, was more favorable in producing ergocalciferol. On the other hand when the mushrooms were freeze-dried and cut, the mushrooms with a higher ergosterol, such as king oyster mushroom, shiitake or button mushroom, were more favorable in generating ergocalciferol.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.359-366
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• 2010

Large-scale preparation steps of antithrombotic materials from wood ear mushroom (Auricularia auricular-judae) were established as follows. Grounded dry wood ear mushroom was extracted with 75% ethanol and its precipitate was extracted with $76^{\circ}C$ water for 2 hr followed by filter pressing. The filtrate was then concentrated by vacuum and extracted with 80% ethanol, and the resulting precipitate was then freeze-dried. The formula of the product was determined using consumer susceptibility tests as follows; mushroom extract 90.5%, high fructose corn syrup 2.0%, $\beta$-cyclodextrin 1.5%, fructo-oligosaccharide 2.0%, pear puree 4.0%. When the packed products were stored at 25, 37, or $45^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks, there were no noticeable changes in water activity, moisture content, pH, and acidity. The viable cell number of total bacteria was slightly increased during the storage period at 25 and $37^{\circ}C$, The total bacteria were not detected in the product when stored at $45^{\circ}C$. When the product was injected intravenously into rat at the level of 1,000 mg/kg, antithrombotic activities such as activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, prothrombin time, and FIB were increased when compared with the control group. When the product was administrated orally into rat at the level of 500 mg/kg, it showed the same antiplatelet activity to aspirin.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to discover a food material having anti-obesity effects and to disseminate information on the effects of the material to people who are interested in anti-obesity. For this study, 11 kinds of Auricularia (wood ear) spp., including 8 strains of Auricularia auricula-polytricha, and 3 strains of A. auricula-judae, were presented by the Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research & Extension Services. 3T3-L1 (preadipocyte cell) was used for identifying the inhibition effect on adipocyte differentiation. As a result, this study found that all the extracts had slightly different degrees of inhibition effects on adipocyte differentiation. Among the A. auricula-polytricha strains, strain 21001 showed the most significant effect (4.58%), and the inhibition effect of strain 21002 (4.43%) was the greatest among A. auricula-judae strains. Overall, the inhibition effect of A. auricula-polytricha strains was greater than that of A. auricula-judae strains. The results of mRNA and protein analysis also demonstrated that the inhibition effect of A. auricula-polytricha 21001 was superior to that of any other strains. An in vivo study using 56 ICR mice (6w, male), was performed for 4 weeks. A. auricula-polytricha 21001, which exhibited the most significant effect in the in vitro study was used to compose six different types of feeds. Daily body weight gain of the high-fat diet containing 0.2% 21001 extract feeding group was $0.22{\pm}0.08g$ (*p < 0.05), and it was 31.25% lower than that of the high-fat diet feeding group ($0.32{\pm}0.06$). Internal organ weight measurement and blood analysis were performed immediately after animal sacrifice. The results proved that treatment with more than 0.1% of A. auricula-polytricha strain 21001 could significantly reduce (more than *p < 0.05) the weight of liver and epididymal fat, and levels of glucose, total cholesterol, AST, and ALT in blood.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.326-334
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• 2009

Blood coagulation and aggregation of platelet are crucial events in the pathogenesis of various ischemic diseases. The substance which can prevent blood coagulation and platelet aggregation was extracted from wood ear mushroom (Auricularia auricular-judae) and its anticoagulation activity was investigated. The dried A. auricular-judae was extracted with 0.1 N NaOH and its supernatant was further extracted with methanol and ethanol followed by $H_{2}O$. The resulting methanol soluble fraction showed significant antithrombotic activity in activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and prothrombin time assays with values of 100, 124, and 54 sec, respectively. This active substance was purified with DEAE-Sepharose CL6B and Sephacryl 400-HR and was found to be polysaccharide with the average molecular weight of over 150 kDa. This polysaccharide was xyloglucomannan of which the main component was mannose, and its anticoagulant activity was mostly mediated by inhibition of thrombin activity.