• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.280-295
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• 2008

Purpose: This ethnography in communication aimed to explore the changes in consciousness on time and temporality as an elderly became older. This study focused on time as a primary message systems of Edward Hall. Methods: The assumption of the study was that the aging body as an expression of biological time is a meta of physical, personal, and social time. Data were collected from iterative fieldwork in a clan between Jan, 1990 and April, 2007. The key informants were 13 women and men aged 70 years old or more at the beginning of study. Changes in physical time and temporality as the women's body declined in its physical function was analyzed. As the cultural context, informants' every life and the history of the clan were also analyzed. Results: The meta-time of the informants were constituted as follows: In the low-contextual dimension, physical time perceived as longer and personal time perceived as shorter than they were young; In high-contextual dimension, informant and residents had a polychronic perspective and aged-centered time perspectives.; In the supernatural dimension of time, sacred time were reinforced by rituals. Informants extended temporality to their springs' world and ancestors' world. Conclusion: As the informants recognized slugged body movements and time-limited present life, their views on their life world towards the future of spring and of the sacred world of ancestors. Thereby, their identity as a member of a clan was reinforced. This result informed us on what we should focus on when caring with older women.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.71-80
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• 2020

Purpose: This thesis study aimed to examine the effects of elastic-band resistance exercise on physical fitness, activities of daily living (ADLs), falls efficacy, and quality of life among older women receiving home nursing care under long-term care insurance. Methods: We used an equivalent control group pre-test/post-test design. We assigned older women at the nursing care center J to the experimental group (n=21), and older adult women at the nursing care center H to the control group (n=21). The experimental group engaged in an elastic band resistance exercise twice per week from February 18 to April 12, 2019. Results: There were significant differences in the Short Physical Performance Battery score (t=4.15 p<.001), left grip strength (t=0.57, p<.569), right grip strength (t=1.38 p<.177), flexibility test scores (t=2.34, p<.024), ADLs (t=6.86, p<.001), falls efficacy (t=5.16, p<.001), and quality of life (t=3.87, p<.001). Grip strength was increased slightly in the experimental group, but the increase was not significant. Conclusion: Elastic band resistance exercise is an effective nursing intervention to enhance physical fitness, flexibility, ADLs, falls efficacy, and quality of life among older women receiving home nursing care under long term care insurance.

• Journal of Clinical Nutrition
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.38-44
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• 2018

Purpose: Parenteral nutrition (PN) is known to provide therapeutic beneficial improvements in malnourished patients for whom enteral nutrition is not feasible. The objective of this study was to investigate the current clinical characteristics and utilization of PN in Korea. Methods: We analyzed the Health Insurance Review Agency National Inpatients Sample database from 2014 to 2016, which included 13% of all hospitalized patients in Korea. Adult patients aged 20 years or older and receiving premixed multi-chamber bag containing PN were included for this study. Patient characteristics, admission type, primary diagnosis, and hospital demographics were evaluated. SAS version 9.4 was used for data analysis. Results: From 2014 to 2016, 149,504 patients received premixed PN, with 226,281 PN prescriptions being written. The mean patient age was 65.0 years, and 81,876 patients (54.8%) were male. Premixed 3-chamber bag and 2-chamber bag PN solutions were utilized in 131,808 (88.2%) and 32,033 (21.4%) patients, respectively. The number of patients hospitalized through the emergency department were 70,693 (47.3%), whereas 43,125 patients (28.8%) were administered PN in intensive care units. In the adult PN patients, the highest primary diagnosis was malignant neoplasm of the stomach (8,911, 6.0%), followed by organism unspecified pneumonia (7,008, 4.7%), and gastroenteritis and colitis of unspecified origin (6,381, 4.3%). Overall, 34% of adult PN patients were diagnosed with malignancies, the most common being neoplasm of the stomach (17.7%), neoplasm of bronchus/lung (11.2%), neoplasm of colon (11.1%), and neoplasm of liver/intrahepatic bile ducts (10.0%). PN solutions were most frequently administered in the metropolitan area (55.0%) and in hospitals with more than 1,000 beds (23.6%). Conclusion: PN was commonly administered in older patients, with primary diagnosis of malignancy in a significant number of cases. This study is the first large-scale description of PN-prescribing patterns in real-world clinical practice in South Korea.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.55-66
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• 2018

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common chronic degenerative disease and prevalent among women in rural area. A variety of self-management programs for arthritis patients have been developed and administered, however the effectiveness and adherence to the program including arthritis exercise are found to be low. The purpose of this study is to design intervention Arthritis Self-Management Program with Tai Chi (ASMP-TC) through identifying and analyzing attributes influencing adherence exercise behavior in Korean older adult women with arthritis in rural area. For this, the existing and relevant evidence on arthritis self-management including exercise intervention were investigated, and then this study describes well-designed arthritis self-management program to provide the credibility and validity necessary for its interventions. In addition, this study try to propose a self-management program model of Tai Chi exercise for rural older adults to improve adherence based on the primary health care facility, which is vulnerable area in Korea.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.711-719
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was 1) to investigate the food intake, dietary habits and life behavioral characteristics, and 2) to examine the relationship among these factors in a sample of adult Korean women. In October 2010, self-reported questionnaire survey was distributed to 200 women aged 30 to 65 in Gyunggi Province. Overall, 177 women participated and completed the survey. Most participants were married (97.2%) and housewives (83.6%). About 85% of respondents lived with their children. For comprehensive analysis, all respondents were divided into three age groups; 30~39, 40~49, and 50~65. The percent of intake of high protein foods such as meat and fish, eggs, and milk products was higher younger age groups (p<0.05). Moreover, age 30~39 group were more likely to eat potatoes (p<0.05) than age 50~65 group. However, age 50~65 women more frequently consumed seaweed than other age groups (p<0.01). Women who ate breakfast or dinner consumed a significantly higher frequency of vegetables, seaweed, potatoes, and kimchi (p<0.01). Additionally, women who ate breakfast with family more frequently consumed vegetables, fruit and kimchi. Furthermore, older women were likely to have less sleeping time than other groups. In conclusion, there were western dietary patterns among adult women and these dietary patterns were partly related to different life behavior and dietary habits. Considering that negative dietary habits of adult women can influence their family and health for the rest of their life, nutritional education programs based on changes in lifestyle should be developed.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.828-839
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of present study was to explore relationship between physical activity (PA) behavior and self-efficacy among older Korean-Americans (OKAs) based on reviewing major theories that are used to understand PA behavior, particularly as they relate to older adults within sociocultural contexts. Methods: 151 OKAs, living in California, were recruited and interviewed once. Self-efficacy and PA level were measured by Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale, Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (K-CHAMPS) questionnaire, respectively. Results: 82.8% of OKA women and 72.4% of OKA men had relatively low ($38.8{\pm}29.3$) self-efficacy related to PA. Exercise self-efficacy was statistically significant and positively associated with frequency for moderate and greater PA (r = 0.25, p < .01), frequency for all listed PA (r = 0.21, p < .05), caloric expenditure for moderate and greater PA (r = 0.23, p < .01), and caloric expenditure for all listed PA (r = 0.31, p < .01). Conclusion: Social Cognitive Theory including self-efficacy can provide insight about how to shape strategies that encourage OKAs to adhere to regular PA because it focuses on environmental as well as personal factors. Increased efforts are needed to understand the other factors associated with being active in OKAs.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.113-125
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• 2008

Purpose: This research was conducted to explore the experiences of graduate student women with children fulfilling multiple roles and to generate a substantive theory. Methods: This study uses the grounded theory method based on Strauss and Corbin(1988)'s method. Interviews were conducted with 11 graduate student women who had children aged three of older. Results: The core category of this research is 'Role balancing for self-generativity'. Based on the core category, three types of married women graduate students' experiences were found. They are 'concentrating on graduate-work' 'postponing graduate-work' and 'adjustment between two roles' Conclusions: Through understanding the married women's multiple roles experience process, there can be a basis for making a women's health system and social support system for the married women graduate student. Also, this research is to generate a substantive theory which can helps to change social perspectives on the quality of life for the women who will contribute in Korean society as professionals.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.905-916
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influencing factors on the single and recurrent falls in community-dwelling older women. Methods: Seventy eight volunteers aged over 65 were included in the study. The participants experienced at least one fall within the past one year. Data were measured on each participant from May 2007 to September 2007, collected using structured researcher-administered sheets and measuring their physical strengths and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of recurrent falls were 53.8%. The level of education(Z = -2.455, p = .014) and the presence of spouse($x^2$ = 4.843, p = .044) showed significant differences between the single-fall group and the recurrent-fall group in the study. Significantly predicting factor on the recurrent falls was the level of education and the variable explained 20.1% of variants in the occurrence of recurrent falls. Conclusion: Although a variety of factors affected the single fall in the elderly women, the level of education and the presence of spouse proved to be the significant factors in their recurrent falls. These factors proven to be significant as the result of this should be reflected in the development of effective programs for preventing the elderly from recurrent falls.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.691-700
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a computerized cognitive training on older adults affected by mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in terms of cognitive function, depression, self-esteem, and activities of daily living (ADL). Methods: This study used a non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. A total of 53 older adults who reside in long-term care facilities were recruited, 26 subjects for an experimental group and 27 subjects for a control group. A computerized cognitive training was performed for 20~40 minutes/day, three days/week for ten weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 21.0 with $x^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test. Results: Scores of MMSE (t=3.30, p=.002), depression (t=-2.15, p=.036), and self-esteem (t=2.76, p=.008) were significantly better in the experimental group than the control group. However, the difference in ADL (t=-1.01, p=.316) was not significant between the two groups. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the computerized cognitive training can be used as an effective nursing intervention to improve cognitive function and self-esteem and lower depression among older adults with MCI.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.469-478
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• 2018

This study is aimed to examine effects of sociodemographic, social relation, and health related factors on risky drinking among early, middle, and older adulthoods. Using the sixth(2013-2016) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, separate logistic regression analyses were conducted for women's early adulthood (n=1,143), middle adulthood (n=1,306), and older adulthood (n=875) to test factors associated with risky drinking. For study results, as for women's early adulthood, education, marital status, employment, depressive feeling, and smoking were statistically associated with risky drinking. As for women's middle adulthood, only subjective stress level and smoking were associated with risky drinking. As for women's older adulthood, education, suicidal ideation, and subjective health condition were associated with risky drinking. These results found different factors influenced risky drinking according to life stages. Based on these results, convergent implications about reducing risky drinking according to life stages of women were discussed.