• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.169-181
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• 1997

In this study, I made researches of 510 mothers who breed their infants in total (256 boys & 254 girls), among which 410 in urban area and 100 in the rural area, as an object of the investigation so as to make an intensive examination and analysis of the actual state of feeding nutritive method, grasp several related factors, and finally suggest the elementary data for both campaign encouraging breast feeding and the infant feeding education. 1. Mothers showed the meaningful local differences as in an education and income level at 1% and as in a delivery type at 5%. 2. To have decided the feeding conditions according to the residences by the Kaup index distribution (P<0.05) resulted in a meaningful difference according to regions and also made us be more thoughtful of the overnutrition in the urban area than in the rural area, and it didn't showed a meaningful difference the nutritive state according to the infant feeding method thought desirable (P<0.01). 3. The feeding methods consist of breast feeding at 21.8%, artificial feeding at 48.8%, and the mixed one at 29.4%. As for the feeding method thought desirable, breast feeding was 52%. Even though they were thinking that breast feeding is better, the breast feeding case didn't go beyond 32.5% only and as for the actual feeding methods it showed a meaningful difference according to the feeding method thought desirable (P<0.01). 4. Regarding the reasons why they chose breast milk, it was 64%, the most because mother's milk contains the immune system, 63.1% for the baby's health, 52.3% because of its most because breast milk is of little quantity, 37.8% because of the mother's occupation, 14.1% because they have fed the baby artificially from the beginning and so on. Considering the reasons why they chose the mixed feeding, it was 70.7%, the most because the amount of breast milk a little, 27.3%, the next one, because of the mother's occupation and so on. 5. The respondents who answered that how to increase the number of breast feeding population depends on the reinforcement of breast feeding education for the women were 190 (37.3%), the most among all 150 persons and those who had the opinion that they should spread and actualize the temporary childcare rest (from office) system for the women who have jobs were the secondly most, 107 (21%).

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.191-201
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of meaning centered and mindfulness-based stress management program with using marine resources on positive changes in mood, sleep, quality of life and cognitive function. Methods : Nine family caregivers of patients with severe disability experienced meaning centered and mindfulness-based stress management program for four-days in marine areas near Uljin-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do in South Korea. Subjective questionnaires and objective assessments were conducted and statistically analyzed to examine changes in mood, sleep, quality of life, and cognitive function before, after, and after 6 weeks of participation. Results : After participating in the program, moods including depression improved significantly. This effect lasted until 6 weeks. Participants' sleep quality, quality of life and cognitive function improved significantly after 6 weeks of program participation. Conclusions : This new specialized stress management program using marine resources for family caregivers of patients with severe disability is expected to be used effectively in terms of improving their overall quality of life, mental health status and cognitive efficiency.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.240-245
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• 2012

In this study, we investigated the boosting effects on collagen biosynthesis of $Anthriscus$ $sylvestris$ ethanol extract (ASE) in human dermal fibroblasts. To obtain more effective fraction and subfraction for collagen biosynthesis, standard solvent partition and open column chromatography were performed. The EtOH extract, solvent fractions, and 8 EtOAc subfractions were tested for their collagen synthesis capacity by [$^3H$]Proline-incorporation and ELISA assay. ASE increased 25% of total collagen synthesis and 27% of procollagen biosynthesis. The total collagen biosynthesis was increased by EtOAc fraction and E6 subfraction to 28% and 50% respectively. Type I procollagens were also upregulated by EtOAc fraction and E6 subfraction to 30% and 47%, each. Taken together, our data suggest that potential anti-aging effect of ASE on skin is via increasing collagen biosynthesis and effective subtraction is E6 subfraction of EtOAc fraction.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.409-431
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• 2022

Various insects have emerged as novel feed resources due to their economical, eco-friendly, and nutritive characteristics. Fish, poultry, and pigs are livestock that can feed on insects. The digestibility of insect-containing meals were presented by the species, life stage, nutritional component, and processing methods. Several studies have shown a reduced apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) when insects were supplied as a replacement for commercial meals related to chitin. Although the expression of chitinase mRNA was present in several livestock, indigestible components in insects, such as chitin or fiber, could be a reason for the reduced ADC. However, various components can positively affect livestock health. Although the bio-functional properties of these components have been verified in vitro, they show positive health-promoting effects owing to their functional expression when directly applied to animal diets. Changes in the intestinal microbiota of animals, enhancement of immunity, and enhancement of antibacterial activity were confirmed as positive effects that can be obtained through insect diets. However, there are some issues with the safety of insects as feed. To increase the utility of insects as feed, microbial hazards, chemical hazards, and allergens should be regulated. The European Union, North America, East Asia, Australia, and Nigeria have established regulations regarding insect feed, which could enhance the utility of insects as novel feed resources for the future.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.319-336
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• 2019

During an investigation of unrecorded prokaryotic species in Republic of Korea, a total of 53 bacterial strains belonging to the class Gammaproteobacteria were isolated from soil, seawater, tidal flats, rhizosphere, salt ponds, beach sand, urine, manure, sediment, and animal intestine (Russian grayling butterfly [Hipparchia autonoe], mouse [Mus musculus], and sea bass [Lateolabrax japonicus]). Strains were identified to species using the 16S rRNA gene sequence, showing high similarity (>98.7%) with the closest bacterial species and forming a robust clade in the neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree. The 53 strains of Gammaproteobacteria in this study have not been report previously in Korea. Therefore, we describe 27 genera of 16 families in 7 orders: 13 strains in the order Alteromonadales, 1 strain in the order Chromatiales, 11 strains in the order Enterobacterales, 7 strains in the order Oceanospirillales, 10 strains in the order Pseudomonadales, 8 strains in the order Vibrionales, and 3 strains in the order Xanthomonadales. Gram reaction, strain ID, isolation source, and morphological and basic biochemical characteristics are described for each species.

• The Korean Journal of Woman Psychology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.303-329
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• 2011

In Korea, recent women's educational standard is more higher than any other period but rate of using human resources is the lowest level among the OECD nations. As the reason of this phenomenon, the career choice attract attention. Traditionally, job is classified female-dominated job from male-dominated job, and most women still avoid male-dominated job. If this unequal concentrated phenomenon is relieved, diversity using of human resource will be available. For the purpose, this study try to determine the experience structure and the career decision-making process of the female undergraduate who want the male-dominated job through the qualitative study method, and to determine factors that work negative or positive on the process to use for the career consult. Grounded theory based data analyses resulted in 61 concepts, 27 sub-categories, and 12 categories from the recorded data of 8 female undergraduates who want the male-dominated job. The core category was "For the special life, keeping challenging with the will". A paradigm model consist of the casual condition, central phenomenon, contextual condition, intervening condition, actions/reactions and the result was proposed. And the participants went through five stages with time in their career decision-making process: the stage of awareness about the trait and aspiration, the stage of internal determination, the stage of support and accept, the stage of challenge and overcome, and the stage of affirmation and confidence. Implications of the findings and suggestions for the future research are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.43-55
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• 2004

Purpose : This study was conducted to identify the peritonitis occurence of CAPD, by which a basis for efficient patient management could be provided. Method: Data were collected by questionnaires and hospital record from 55 people who underwent or were going through CAPD from January 1998 to April 2004 in a university subsidiary hospital kidney department. Result: 1) There were many elderly people of 61 years or above taking up 50.9%, 75% had low levels of education with middle school graduation or less, and the cases where separate individual rooms enabling the exchange of CAPD were not possessed was shown to be 61.8%. 2) With the management feature of CAPD, those who bathed once or less per 7 days made up 60.0%, and 60% washed their hands well before exchanging solutions which meant that 40% did not wash well or just washed moderately, and in terms of CAPD education, the proportion of those receiving education both before and after dialysis was 29.1%. also, with nutrition conditions, cases where the level of serum albumin was lower than 3.0 made up 38.2%, and those who were conducting self CAPD management was 65.5%, and cases where the management was done by the spouse or family members was revealed to be 34.5%. 3) There were Peritonitis occurrences in 40% of cases, and the number of Peritonitis occurrences within the period was 36, with an occurrence rate of $0.65{\pm}0.99$. Also, 66.7% of the causing bacteria were no growth, Gram positive bacteria made up 27.8%, and Gram negative bacteria consisted of 5.5%. 4) No significant difference was found peritionitis occurrence according to general and management characteristics. Lower peritionitis occurrence were shown with those who had spouses or family members conducting CAPD management as opposed to self-managing patients(p=0.037). Conclusion: Elderly patients there needs to be the participation of family or other support resources rather than subjecting them to self-management of solution exchange and entry/exit. Also, The high occurrence rate from Gram positive bacteria is shown so the importance of CAPD management education including bathing and hand washing needs to be emphasized.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.82 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2019

Background: Understanding the burden of disease is important to establish cost-effective treatment strategies and to allocate healthcare resources appropriately. However, little reliable information is available regarding the overall economic burden imposed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Korea. Methods: This study is a multicenter observational research on the COPD burden in Korea. Total COPD costs were comprised of three categories: direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect costs. For direct medical costs, institutional investigation was performed at 13 medical facilities mainly based on the claims data. For direct non-medical and indirect costs, site-based surveys were administered to the COPD patients during routine visits. Total costs were estimated using the COPD population defined in the recent report. Results: The estimated total costs were approximately 1,245 million US dollar (1,408 billion Korean won). Direct medical costs comprised approximately 20% of the total estimated costs. Of these, formal medical costs held more than 80%. As direct non-medical costs, nursing costs made up the largest percentage (39%) of the total estimated costs. Costs for COPD-related loss of productivity formed four fifths of indirect costs, and accounted for up to 33% of the total costs. Conclusion: This study shows for the first time the direct and indirect costs of COPD in Korea. The total costs were enormous, and the costs of nursing and lost productivity comprised approximately 70% of total costs. The results provide insight for an effective allocation of healthcare resources and to inform establishment of strategies to reduce national burden of COPD.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

Objective : This study was a covariance structural analysis to identify korean medicine health promotion behavior by the general characteristics of the subjects and build a predictive model and theoretical framework based on Pender's health promotion model(1996) and related literature reviews. Method : A hypothetical model was consisted of 8 theoretical variables and 27 measured variables. Related variables included Individual Characteristics and Experience, Behavior-specific cognitions and affect and Behavioral outcome. The data was collected from 802 middle and old-aged people living in Seoul and Gyeong gi province through structured questionnaires by face to face interviews between February and March, 2014. SAS ver. 9.1 and AMOS 18.0 programs were used for the data analysis. Results : Difference in the verification of Korean medicine health promotion behavior by the general characteristics, Older people who are male, with higher economic status, no chronic disease or with diabetes, no smoking, no drinking, with more exercise showed significantly higher scores, but education level has no difference. 15 paths were statistically significant among 16 paths on the direct effect, 6 paths were statistically significant among 9 paths on the indirect effect in the hypothetical model. The greatest impact variable on Korean medicine health promotion behavior was perceived self-esteem. Also, the findings showed that the higher perceived social support, perceived health status, previous Korean medicine health promotion behavior, community environment, perceived benefit and the lower perceived barrier had a significant effect on Korean medicine health promotion behavior. Conclusion : This research model has an empirical validity as the variables of this study verified their effects and significances. Therefore, the understanding of Korean medicine health promotion behavior can be increased and the utilization will be higher when seeking a comprehensive health promotion plan. Also, a strategy can be utilized the strategy for Korean medicine health promotion behavior.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.117-121
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• 2007

The number of internet users and the scale of electronic on-line trading are on the increase due to the development of information technology and the internet. The aim of this study was to monitor the accuracy of country-of-origin labels and the indicated contents of meat available by electronic on-line trading by using a structural interview sheet for 100 on-line meat product markets. The result of this investigation showed a 100% level of accuracy for business name and telephone number whereas the company address, meat manufacturer and supplier, and business registration were less reliable. We also investigated the accuracy of site policy, e-mail address, and fax number. The results showed that the accuracy of fax numbers was the lowest. The product name and the kind of meat actually in the product showed a 100% level of conformity, while the price (96.3%), place of origin (93.6%), capacity (90.4%), meat parts (80.9%) and contents of the product (73.4%) showed a relatively low level of conformity. Serious safety issues were exposed by the disturbingly low 20.2% accuracy of indicated expiration dates and 5.3% accuracy of indicated manufacturing dates. To ensure food safety, it is essential to improve consumer understanding and trust regarding food safety through continuous public relations. More education and information are needed to raise consumer awareness of the facts versus myths regarding food safety.