• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the whitening effects of hot water (AMPW) and ethanol (AMPE) extracts of Mangifera indica L. peel. To verify the whitening effects, tyrosinase inhibitory activity was measured. 9.51% inhibitory activity, and 35.98% inhibitory activity at 1,000 ㎍/ml. The effects of AMPW and AMPE on cell viability were measured using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay in B16-F10 melanoma cells. Greater than 95% cell viability was observed at 100 ㎍/ml. Thus, subsequent experiments were performed at concentrations less than 100 ㎍/ml. The whitening effects were confirmed by measuring the protein and mRNA expression levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1), and TRP-2, which are factors involved in melanin synthesis. Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results confirmed that 100 ㎍/ml AMPW and AMPE showed superior inhibitory effects than the control treatment (alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone only). Therefore, Mangifera indica L. peel extract had a whitening effect, and thus, has potential as a natural material for use in cosmetics.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.225-234
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to confirm the skin whitening and UV absorption effects of bioconverted Beta vulagaris (BBE) using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SM4, and the effects were evaluated by measuring total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), radical elimination activity (RSA), and tyrosinase activity inhibition (TAI). TPC and TFC of BBE were 25.0 mg GAE/g DM and 8.05 mg QE/g DM, which were 1.3 and 1.1 times higher than hot-water extract (HWE) respectively. RSA, an indicator of antioxidant activity, and TAI, an indicator of skin-whitening effect, were 36.8%, and 68.6%, respectively, 1.1 and 1.2 times higher than that of HWE. UVA and UVB absorption of BBE were 21.4 and 87.6%, which was 1.4 and 1.7 times higher than that of HWE respectively. When main substances of BBE were analyzed using LC-MS/MS, kaempferol and isorhamnetin, a type of polyphenols known to have high antioxidant and skin-whitening effects, were identified. As a results, BBE is expected to be used as a functional cosmetic material as it has excellent antioxidant, skin whitening, and UV absorption properties.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

In this study, Crocus chrysanthus (Herb.) Herb. bulb extracts were extracted by purified water and ethanol, and their antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity were measured to see the possibility as a cosmetic material. The yield of the extracts was 1.8% to 6.0%, and the yield decreased as the ethanol concentration increased. DPPH free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity was high at 91.97% at 625 ㎍/mL of 70% ethanol extract. The total phenol content was also measured at 447 mg/g, higher than other extraction methods. The whitening effect was confirmed through in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory activity. As the ethanol concentration of the extracts increased, the tyrosinase inhibitory activity increased, and 70% and 94.5% ethanol extracts showed high inhibitory activity. Therefore, the Crocus chrysanthus (Herb.) Herb. bulb extracts confirmed its potential as a cosmetic material through antioxidant and whitening effects.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.264-270
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated the cosmetic application of Acer mono sap through an ultra-high pressure process. Exposing Acer mono sap to a ultra-high pressure process resulted in 90.1% cell viability of human normal fibroblast cells (CCD-986sk) when added at the highest concentration. Acer mono sap also showed the hightest free radical scavenging activity after the ultra high pressure process. The melanogenesis inhibition rate in cloned M-3 cells was 59.0%. Tyrosinase was inhibited at a rate of 87.2% by adding 100% HPAMS. Anti-wrinkle activity was 78.1%. Acer mono sap showed enhanced storage following the ultra high pressure process. These results indicate that Acer mono sap may be a source for functional cosmetic agents capable of improving antioxidant, whitening, and antiwrinkling effects.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.303-313
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• 2022

In this study, the extracted oils and commercial oils (Clarisse) were analyzed after GC-MSD fragrance component analysis for each natural essential oil obtained through steam distillation extraction (cypress, seokchangpo, lavender) of a total of three plants grown and grown in Jangheung area. Easy, cinnamon, frankincense) was combined to confirm cytotoxicity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and whitening effects, confirming its potential as a cosmetic material. As a result of the analysis of fragrance components, sabinene was identified as the main component of cypress oil, asarone in seokchangpo oil, and L-Linalool in lavender oil. At a concentration of 100 𝜇L/mL with no cytotoxicity of 6 essential combination oils, NO production was inhibited by 27.76%, DPPH radical scavenging activity was 99.69%, ABTS radical scavenging activity was 94.66%, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity was 55.9%. Possibility of being useful as a raw material for functional cosmetics was presented.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.291-302
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• 2011

The study was to investigate whitening and antioxidation effects by determining the tyrosinase inhibition activity, DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase like activity of essential oils from Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa. The aim of the present study was to suggest preliminary data for research whitening and anti-oxidant effects material of C. japonica and C. obtusa essential oils and confirm supplementary worth of natural volatile organic compounds (nVOCs). Essential oils of C. japonica and C. obtusa leaves were extracted by steam distillation method of clevenger type, and nVOCs were extracted by high-temperature reactor for utilizing nVOCs condensates released during drying of C. japonica and C. obtusa at 80, 100, and $120^{\circ}C$ temperature conditions, respectively. In the activity of whitening and antioxidation, C. japonica oil was more effective than C. obtusa oil. nVOCs of C. japonica and C. obtusa showed highly activity of tyrosinase inhibitory at higher temperature. Antioxidation activity only shown on nVOCs of C. japonica produced at $120^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.168-172
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• 2006

Curcuma longa L. of Zingiberaceae family, has been reported to have radical scavenging activity and antiinflammatory effect. On these facts, biological activity and whitening effect were examined to evaluate a bioactivity of the extracts of Curcumma longa L. by extraction conditions as a possible pharmaceutical material. When compared extraction methods, supercritical extraction was the best showing various biological activities and whitening effect. The highest electron donating ability $(89%\;at\;1,000{\mu}g/ml)$ were detected and SOD-like activity was inhibited up to $95%\;at\;500{\mu}g/ml$ in supercritical extraction. To evaluate the whitening effect, tyrosinase inhibitory activity was conducted 89% of tyrosinase inhibitory effect examined at $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$. From these results, we suggest that the supercritical extracts from Curcuma longa L. is useful for cosmetic ingredients.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2017

In this study, extracts from Caryopteris incana Miq. (C. incana) were investigated to assess anti-oxidation, skin-whitening and anti-wrinkle activity. The total phenolic compounds of C. incana extracts with water and 80 % ethanol showed 7.69 and 12.50 mg/g respectively. Antioxidation activity of C. incana extracts was measured by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), protection factor (PF), and Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs). At concentration of $200{\mu}g/mL$, the DPPH free radical scavenging activity of water and ethanol extracts were 84 and 92 %, respectively. ABTS radical scavenging activity of water and ethanol extracts were both at approximately 99 %. Antioxidant PF of water and ethanol extracts were 1.56 PF and 1.67 PF, respectively. The TBARs of water and ethanol extracts were 62 and 82 %, respectively. In anti-wrinkle and skin-whitening activity, 80 % ethanol extract had more outstanding effect than water extract at concentration of $200{\mu}g/mL$. The levels of elastase and collagenase inhibitory activity related with anti-wrinkle were 58 and 89 % in ethanol extract. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity related with skin-whitening was 13 % in ethanol extract. The astringent effect of ethanol extract was 50 %. Throughout the results, C. incana extracts showed an excellent effect on anti-oxidation, skin-whitening and anti-wrinkle activity. Therefore, C. incana extracts can be used as a new material for cosmetics.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 2015

To identify new anti-inflammatory and whitening material, this study investigated the whitening and anti-inflammatory effects of the lyophilized powder from 6 oriental plant extracts (OPE; Citrus junos Tanaka, Mori cortex Radicis, Schisandra chinensis Baillon, Coix lachrymajobi var. mayuen, Angelica gigas NAKAI, and Sophora japonica L.) fermented with Streptococcus thermophilus by assessment of cytotoxicity on human dermal fibroblast, inhibitory effect of nitric oxide (NO) prodction, tyrosinase activity and melanin formation. The OPE was fermented with Streptococcus thermophilus at $37^{\circ}C$ for 2 days and the lyophilized powder was manufactured by freezing-dryer. OPE didn't show cytotoxicity at concentration of $500{\mu}g/mL$ using a cytopathic effect reduction method. OPE also exhibited inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) prodction by Griess reagent system. Furthermore, OPE showed inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity with dose dependent manner, and exhibited significant inhibition of melanin formation by measurement of melanin from culture media (p < 0.05). From these results, 6 OPE extracts showed anti-inflammatory and whitening effect and may be used as an active ingredient for cosmetics.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2024

In this study, the various whitening activities of Inonotus obliquus were assessed for potential use as functional cosmetic materials. When measuring electron donating ability to confirm the antioxidant ability of I. obliquus extract, increased activity was observed as the concentration increased, and it was found an outstanding antioxidant capacity of 82.1% at a 1,000 ㎍/ml concentration. Also, the tyrosinase inhibitory effect, related to a whitening effect, was found to have inhibitory activity that increased in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of verifying the viability of melanoma cells (B16F10) using an MTT assay showed cell viability of more than 80% at concentrations below 100 ㎍/ml. Therefore, cell-related experiments were conducted at 25, 50, and 100 ㎍/ml concentrations. By measuring protein expression related to melanin synthesis via treating B16F10 cells with I. obliquus extract, it was confirmed that protein expression was inhibited in all factors, depending on the concentration. TRP-1 and MITF appeared by 40.1% and 64.2% amount of expression, respectively, at 100 ㎍/ml concentrations, and tyrosinase and TRP-2 were verified as having better protein expression inhibition than arbutin. In measuring mRNA expression related to melanin synthesis by treating B16F10 cells with I. obliquus extract, it was confirmed that mRNA expression was suppressed as the concentration increased. Accordingly, it was confirmed that I. obliquus extract has excellent whitening activity and could be used as a cosmetic material.