• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제4권1_2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1981

본 연구는 1975~77년에 이르기까지 한국의 석회암지대의 식피에서 나타나는 식물의 백화현성을 조사하였으며 석회질토양과 식물과의 관계를 연구하였다. 원주 I, II지역, 영월 I, II지역, 제천, 단양 및 삼척의 석회질 토양에서 발하고 있는 식피에서 60종의 식물이 백화현상을 나타내었으나 가지나 잎에서 부분적으로 일어나는것이 보통이였다. 농작물인 고추도 백화현상이 심하게 일어나고 있었다. 그러나 김의털을 비롯한 수종의 식물은 전조사지역에 걸쳐 전혀 백화현상이 나타나지 않았다. 석회질토양, 백화엽 및 정상엽에 함유되어 있는 중요무기양분의 분석결과를 비교연구한 결과, 석회질토양액의 알카리성 때문에 P와 Fe의 부용으로 야기되는 염석회식물들의 결핍증상으로 이들 석회암지대에서 나타나는 식물의 백화현상을 생각할 수 있다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
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• pp.49-52
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• 2008

최근 지구 온난화 현상에 따른 해수면 상승으로 삼면이 바다에 접한 우리나라는 향 후 많은 피해가 예측되므로 이에 따른 방호개념으로 기존의 단조로운 형상과 비 자연친화형 콘크리트 구조물의 설치 및 연안침식방지 기능부재로 인한 또 다른 피해가 발생된다. 국민소득의 증대와 Waterfront 개념의 빠른 확산으로 연안 어항의 낙후된 시설개선 등에 많은 사업이 추진되고 있으나 이러한 용도에 맞는 자연 친화형 구조물이 개발된 바 없어 기존의 Solid Block, Igloo Block, Tunnel Block 등이 일부 현장에 적용되고 있는 실정이다. 선박이 계류하는 안벽이나 물양장 등에서 항내 진입파와 항파 등으로 인한 반사파의 발생에 의한 공진현상으로 항내파고가 높아져 정온도유지가 어렵고 선박의 계류 및 하역에 지장을 주게 되며, 선박과의 충돌 발생으로 인한 소형선박의 손괴 발생율이 높은 실정이므로 새로운 형태의 블록(Block)개발이 필요하다. 이에 따라 개발한 C.E(Coastal Environments)블록을 현장에서 사용하기 위해서는 전단키 부분의 내하력 평가가 요구 된다. 따라서, 본 연구는 C.E 블록의 연결부 시험편을 제작하여 C.E블록 경계면의 마찰실험을 실시하였으며, C.E블록 연결부의 마찰계수를 측정하여 분석한 다음 C.E블록의 연결부 마찰계수를 평가하고자 한다.

• 대한의료기공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-58
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• 2009

1. The rapid increasing elderly population represents a significant increase in the population with dementia. So, studies on the method for the prevention of dementia are necessary. 2. In oriental medicine, the causes of dementia are based on the deficiency of Jeong(精;essence of the body), the lack of bone marrow, and abnormal brain function. Emotional stress, bad habits of lifestyle including eating habits are also responsible for dementia. They causes dementia by blocking the circulation of Gi(氣) such as Suseunghwagang(水升火降;ascending kidney water and descending heart fire) and suppressing the function of Danjeon(丹田; the hypogastric center). 3. Gochi(叩齒) is a sort of mastication that facilitate salivation and secretion of parotin, next step is swallowing saliva. These supplement Jeong(精) of the five viscera and the six entrails(五臟六腑), promote Suseunghwagang(水升火降), and advance the function of the hypogastric center (丹田) and activate the brain. 4. So this paper draw a conclusion that Gochi(叩齒) is negatively related to the causes of dementia and it will be useful in preventing dementia.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.142-153
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• 2013

Objectives : Examined the editing system and the characteristics of "Clinical Formula Science of Korean Medicine" to establish a basis for compilation system of the common formula science textbook for colleges of Korean medicine nationwide. Methods : Comprehended the "Clinical Formula Science of Korean Medicine" published by professor Hyeongok(1911-1987) in 1985 and analyzed its configuration system. Results : "Clinical Formula Science of Korean Medicine" has made it possible to understand the formula systematically by establishing and classifying 24 kinds of treatment method [the three treatment methods of cold-dampness, dryness-heat and interior deficiency and its subdivision, 19 kinds of treatment method (stomach, phlegm, eum, yang, spirit, essence, ki, blood, blood stasis, exterior, interior, half-exterior half-interior, water, wind, cold, heat, dampness) combined with reducing and vomiting] and main formula. These can be considered as professor Hyeongok's own method of classification, which is distinctive from the existing formula science system. Also, it suggests that a Korean medicine doctor should not use a biased formula science that is limited to some schools but apply the formula widely and synthetically because it is believed to pursue perfection in cure if the main formulas related to a physical disorder, pregnancy and childbirth, invigorating and purging five viscera, and Four-Constitution Medicine are added. Conclusions : "Clinical Formula Science of Korean Medicine" is seen as a formula science book which is to be consulted when compiling a common formula science textbook for colleges of Korean medicine by forming a Korean formula science system that is distinctive from that of China.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.878-888
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the smoking and eating habits of high school students. We also presented the basic data for the effective smoking cessation and smoking prevention programs, and proper nutrition education programs. We surveyed 304 high school male students in Sokcho city. The results were as follows ; a total of 23.7% of the subjects were smokers, the smokers spent more pocket money than the non-smokers and they also spent more time on the internet or smartphone. The smokers had lower awareness of the dangers of smoking than that of non-smokers. They started drinking alcohol earlier than the non-smokers. Their water intake was higher and they preferred consumption of high-protein foods like fried chicken, but were not inclined to vegetables and sour tasting foods. These results imply that smoking habits of the subjects affected their eating and drinking habits. A matter of concern was the low intake of vegetables and sour tasting foods, which could lead to a deficiency of nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and dietary fibers. The smokers were less satisfied with their school life than the non-smokers. There was a negative correlation with the degree of awareness of the dangers that smoking can cause. Conversely, the amount of smoking and drinking habits were positively correlated. To reach a healthy adulthood, it is crucial to quit smoking and participate in smoking prevention education along with nutrition education and abstinence education for the adolescents.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.295-305
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• 1996

This study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of dietary calcium level(a diet which met 100% or twice the calcium level in AIN-76 diet) on preventing bone loss in ovariectomized rats. Forty female Sprauge-Dawley rats(body weight 200$\pm$5g) were divided into two groups. One group were ovariectomized(Ovx) while the others received sham operation(Sham). Thereafter, each rat group was further divided into normal calcium diet(NCD, 0.52%) and high calcium diet(HCD, 1.04%) sub-groups. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 8 weeks. Urinary pyridinoline & creatinine and serum estradiol, luteinizing hormone, calcium, phosphate, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were determined. There were no significant differences in serum calcium. total protein and albumin in the two groups(Ovx vs Sham) of rats. Ovariectomized rats had significantly lower estradiol than sham operated rats. There was a highly significant correlation between total bone mineral density(TBMD) and overall level of esteradiol(r=0.59, p<0.05). Total bone mineral density did not correlate significantly with ALP or osteocalcin, although a negative trend was evident. However, the rats fed high calcium diet had a lower crosslinks value and osteocalcine than the rats fed normal calcium diet. An increased rate of bone turnover is usually associated with a decrease in bone mass bexause bone formation at each remodeling site is never as great as resorption. Ovariectomized rats fed high calcium diet had a lower crosslink value and osteocalcin; it means high cacium diet decreased bone turnover rate. The findings from the present study demonstrated that bone loss due to ovarian hormonal deficiency can be partially prevented by a high calcium diet. Futhermore, these findings support the strategy of the use of a high calcium diet in the prevention of estrogen depletion bone loss (postmenopausal osteoporosis).

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2009

Objectives : Yukmijihwang-tang (YJT) is known as a tonifying formula for reinforcement of yin deficiency conditions. The present study was carried out to investigate the potential acute toxicity of YJT in ICR male and female mice. Methods : We investigated the acute toxicity about boiling water-extracted YJT. The test article was orally administered once by gavage to 20 male and 20 female mice at dose levels of 0 (control group), 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg body weight. Mortalities, clinical findings, autopsy and body weight changes were monitored daily for the 14 days following the administration according to the Regulation of Korean Food and Drug Administration. Results : We observed survival rates, general toxicity, change of body weight, and autopsy. Single oral administration of YJT with different dosages, no animals died of the test drug. Autopsy of animal revealed no abnormal gross finding. Therefore, $LD_{50}$ value of YJT for ICR mice was more than 5000 mg/kg on oral route. Conclusions : These results suggest that no toxic dose level of YJT in mice is considered to be more than 5000 mg/kg. Consequently, it was concluded that YJT have no effect on acute toxicity and side effect in ICR mice.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.535-561
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• 2003

인천시 강화군의 교동은 역사시대이래 계속된 간척활동을 통해 크고 작은 섬이 하나로 연결되어 현재와 같은 면적 47.1$\textrm{km}^2$의 단일 도서로 발전하였다. 구릉성 산지 사이에 퇴적된 교동도의 간석지는 한강ㆍ임진강ㆍ예성강에서 유출되거나 연해에서 운반된 미립물질로 구성되며 일찍부터 해안평야로 개발되었다. 개발 과정은 현지 농민의 개간과 더불어 변방방어와 왕도수호의 차원에서 방조제를 축조하고 둔전을 조성한 고려이전의 초기간척시대, 통어영의 유치로 경지개간이 체계화되는 한편 유이민에 의한 사전개발이 활발했던 조선시대, 식민자본에 의해 농장이 개설ㆍ운영된 일제시대, 다양한 토목장비가 동원되어 간석지개간이 종합적으로 추진된 최근세 이후의 4시기로 나뉜다. 고립된 도서로서 수원이 충분하지 못했던 교동에서는 간척지를 조성하고 안정적으로 이용하기 위해 동답, 제언, 물광, 담수로, 관정, 대규모 저수지 등 독창적인 수리방안을 모색하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.472-475
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• 1998

A female Green iguana (Iguana iguana) was brought to the small animal clinic in Hannover Veterinary school because of anorexia and convulsion. Two months ago, the owner bought two iguanas, one female and one male and had to take a female to the one of local small animal clinic because she, born in 19931 didn't eat well and showed the tremor of the legs. The veterinarian suspected it to have a calcium deficiency and gave an injection of calcium and vitamin D3. But still during the last two months, the female iguana did only eat some lettuce while the other male ate lettuce, fruits and commercial cat-food ($Whiskas^{\circledR}$, Effem, Verden). It was not possible to evaluate the rations of these different "food-components". They are kept in the terrarium with water container. By palpation of the abdomen, hard thing like stone was palpated in the mid-region. The blood test wasn't carried out because of the difficulties of getting blood and because of her bad condition. It was firmly diagnosed as cystic calculus through radiography. Since the animal is in shock state already, the prognosis after surgery was bad. It was assumed to be too late to expect its surviving with the surgery carried out or without it. Cystotomy was performed in the cranial ventral paramedian incision in order to preserve the large ventral abdominal vein in the linen alba region. After two stay sutures ("holding suture" ) with 5-0 polyglactin 910 ($Vicryl^{\circledR}, Ethicon$) on the bladder, cystotomy was carried out and the stone inside was removed. Then, the bladder was closed in one-layer sutures. The abdomen was closed in simple interrupted suture with same material after the instillation of 10 ml saline solution into the abdominal cavity. The cystic calculus was in a size of $5.8{\times} 5.O{\times} 3.5 cm$. The analysis of the stone was carried out in two ways which are the infrared spectroscopy of the stone and quick analysis by $Merckognost^{\circledR}$(Diagnostica Merck, Merck). In the result of the infrared spectroscopy, the stone wee composed of 10% ammonium urate and 90% dihydrated uric acid. This iguana wasn't able to survive.n't able to survive.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.590-602
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• 2019

Objectives: This study was conducted to prevent asphyxiation of firefighters during confined space rescue. The specific purpose was to identify the magnitude of the problem, identify the cause of the accidents, and suggest measures to ensure safety of confined space rescues. Methods: We collected data from National Fallen Firefighters Memorial, press releases, and other sources In order to identify the current situation of asphyxiation incidents among firefighters from 1945 to 2019. In addition, an incident investigation was conducted for each case, and the processes, causes, and control measures of the incidents were described as a narrative data entry. Results: Over the past 73 years, eight incidents involving firefighter in Korea have occurred. In these incidents, five firefighters were killed, and eight were injured. The confined spaces incidents occurred were water supply tanks, wastewater treatment tanks, pickling pits, septic tanks, and more. The causes were three cases of hydrogen sulfide poisoning, one of oxygen deficiency, one of carbon monoxide poisoning, and three unclassifiable asphyxiations. The people in need were all workers in various industries. Conclusions: The number of firefighters' deaths and injuries during rescues in confined spaces was severe and the risks have not been completely eliminated. By establishing and implementing a precise incident investigation system, according control measures should be initiatedin order to prevent a recurrence of the same type of disaster and reflected in the SOP. In particular, due to the high risk of occurrence at workplaces, cooperation between fire and rescue authority and relevant agencies such as the Ministry of Employment and Labor and the KOSHA should be strengthened.