• 분석과학
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 1993

음이온 계면활성제인 sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)를 이동상으로 한 미셀 액체 크로마토그래피(micellar liquid chromatography : MLC)에서, 시료로 22종의 페놀과 벤젠 일치환체들을 선택하여 이 시료들의 용리거동을 조사하여 MLC계에서의 소수성 효과를 알아 보았다. MLC에서의 머무름과 미셀 농도간의 상관관계를 통해 시료들이 미셀-물간, 변형된 정지상-물 사이에서 분배될 때의 분배계수를 구하였고, 또 이를 이용하여 물-미셀간의 전이 자유 에너지를 구하였다. 이러한 MLC에서 얻은 소수성 파라미터들은 옥탄올-물계와 연관시켜 본 결과 좋은 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 이 두 계에서 시료의 소수성이 머무름에 중요한 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 한편, MLC를 이용하면 quantitative structure activity relationships(QSAR)에서의 소수성 정량 연구에 적용이 가능하다. 또한 알킬 치환체들에서 탄소 수의 증가에 따른 머무름 관계를 통하여 소수성의 선택성을 알아 보았고, 유기 변형제로 n-프로판올을 첨가하였을 때에도 마찬가지로 MLC계에서의 소수성 파라미터와 옥탄올-물계 사이에 상관관계가 있음을 알았다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제65권3호
• /
• pp.215-219
• /
• 2022

코스모스 꽃을 MeOH : H₂O = 4 : 1 용매로 추출하여, 얻어진 추출물을 EtOAc n-BuOH 및 water로 용매 분획 하였다. 이 중 n-BuOH 분획으로부터 silica gel (SiO₂)과 octadecyl silica gel(ODS) column chromatography로 정제하여 2종의 화합물을 분리하였다. NMR, MS 및 IR 등의 스텍트럼 데이터를 통해 화합물의 화학구조를 benzyl O-β-ᴅ-glucopyranoside (1)와 and 2-phenylethyl O-β-ᴅ-glucopyranoside (2)로 동정하였다. 분리한 두 화합물의 자외선(UVB)으로 광노화가 유도된 HaCaT 세포주를 이용한 항아토피 효능을 평가하기 위해 실험을 진행하였으며, 1-1,000 ㎍/mL의 농도범위에서 2종의 화합물에서 모두 독성을 나타내지 않았다. TARC생성억제활성을 통한 항아토피 활성결과에서는 2종의 화합물에서 모두 농도의존적인 TARC 억제활성이 나타났지만, 특히 화합물 1에서 낮은 농도범위인 10 ㎍/mL에서도 유의적인 활성이 나타났으며, 다른 농도범위에서도 타 화합물에 비해 억제활성이 높은 것으로 나타나, 항아토피 활성이 가장 우수한 것으로 확인되었다. 이 결과를 통해 기능성 화장품 원료로 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제65권4호
• /
• pp.247-252
• /
• 2022

황해쑥을 MeOH : H₂O =70:30 용매로 추출하고, 얻어진 추출물을 EtOAc n-BuOH 및 water로 용매 분획 하였다. 이 중 n-BuOH 분획으로부터 silica gel (SiO₂)과 octadecyl silica gel (ODS) column chromatography로 정제하여 4종의 화합물을 분리하였다. Nuclear magnetic resonance 및 mass spectrometry 등의 스펙트럼 데이터를 통해 화합물의 화학구조를 (2S)-naringenin (1), 3-methylkaempferol (2), 3,3'-dimethylquercetin (3), and 3,3',4'-trimethylquercetin (4) 로 구조 동정하였다. 분리한 화합물 4종은 황해쑥에서는 처음 분리동정 되었다. 본 연구를 통해 glutathione mean의 증가와 glutathione heterogeneity 감소를 보인 황해쑥 유래 화합물 1-4가 세포내 글루타티온 (GSH) 수준을 균일하게 상승시키는 효능이 있음을 확인함으로써 항산화능을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 황해쑥의 기능성 소재로 활용가능성을 확인하였다.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2006

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to isolate tyrosinase inhibitory material from Pinellia ternata and characterize its own structure and activity. Methods : Pinellia ternata (600g) was extracted with 95% methanol (1L) at $37^{\circ}C$ for 4 days, with shaking at 250rpm. The extract was further solvent-fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and water. The active fraction was subjected to JAI recycling prep-HPLC JAIGEL GS-320 column. The structure was identified for the active peak with NMR and GC. Results : Tyrosinase was potently inhibited by 95% methanol extracts from Pinellia ternata. The $IC_{50}$ value of the extracts was estimated to be 0.05mg/ml. The extracts was divided into four solvent-fractions, and the most potent tyrosinase inhibition was found in ethylacetate layer. $IC_{50}$ value of ethylacetate fraction was 0.001mg/ml. This fraction was further purified with JAI Recycling Preparative HPLC (Model: LC 9104). The isolated compound showing inhibitory activity was characterized on its chemical structure by NMR and the compound was identified as 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde. $IC_{50}$ was found to be 7.74 ${\mu}M$ which is much lower than that of kojic acid $(66.5{\mu}M)$. Conclusions : The data suggest that 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde isolated and identified from Pinellia ternata is very strong inhibitor to melanin biosynthesis.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2003

1996년 6월에 실시된 CREAMS 항해 관측 자료를 이용하여 동해 남부 해역의 해황을 분석하였다. 1996년은 1990년∼1999년 사이의 다른 해에 비해 동해 남부 해역에 저수온 현상이 나타났으며, 이러한 현상은 일본 연안을 따라 이동하는 쓰시마난류의 지류가 더욱더 연안에 근접하여 이동하는 것과 관련이 있다. 쓰시마난류의 분포는 수심 200m 이천의 대륙붕 위에 존재하는 core 형태의 고염분수 분포와 지형류의 분포로부터 확인된다. 해수의 안정도 계산결과로부터 고온 고염분수인 쓰시마 난류의 유입은 연안역의 연직 밀도 구조에 영향을 주게 되며, 이로 인하여 수주의 불안정한 상태를 초래하는 요인 중 한가지로 작용하는 것으로 나타난다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.28-36
• /
• 1996

This experiment was carried out to elucidate the sugar composition of polysaccharides and the structural features of water-soluble polysaccharides(WSP) isolated from Korean oak mistletoe, Loranthus yadoriki Sieb. The 48-hours ball-milled meals of extractive-free dried mistletoe sawdusts were extracted with distilled water for $24hrs{\times}2$ at room temperature. The extracts poured into 95% ethyl alcohol to precipitate. The separated precipitate of WSP, in form of yellowish white powder by lyophilization, was fractionated into four subfractions of WSP-1, WSP-2, WSP-3 and WSP-4 by anion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose column. The sugar composition of WSPs was analyzed by GLC in form of their glycitol acetates, and the structure of polysaccharides in Fractions WSP-1 and WSP-2 was determined by FT-IR and GC-MS after methylation through and acetylation. The sugars of WSPs from Korean oak mistletoe, Loranthus yadoriki, are majorly arabinose and galactose in stem, galactose in leaves very high in content and showed difference in composition and monomeric units between stems and leaves. D-galactose, D-glucose and L-arabinose are the simple sugars consisting of polysaccharides in WSP-1. ($1{\rightarrow}3$)-Linked galactan is the bakcbone with side chain of ($1{\rightarrow}5$)- -L-arabinofuranosyl residues and ($1{\rightarrow}6$)- -D-galactopyranosyl residues, and ($1{\rightarrow}4$)-linked glucan also presents. ($1{\rightarrow}4$)-Linked rhamnogalacturonan and ($1{\rightarrow}4$)- and ($1{\rightarrow}3$)-linked galactan present in WSP-2.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.32-38
• /
• 1985

The anthelmintic substance of the roasted fruits of Prunas mume against Clonorchis sinensis was isolated and its structure was identified by chemical and physical methods. The results obtained from the experiments are as follows: 1) The methanol extract of the roasted fruits of P. mume was fractionated into four parts: petroleum ether, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and water soluble part. Among these, etherial fraction was found to have strong wormicidal effect on liberated metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis. 2) From the etherial fraction, the wormicidal substance was isolated by silica gel, polyamide and sephadex column chromatography and identified to be 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) by chemical and spectral data. 3) 5-HMF was synthesized and administered to the rabbits infected with C. sinensis. On the 2nd day after administration, the EPG (eggs per gram in feces) reached to the maximal value. Among the adult worms isolated from the bile duct of the treated animal, 84% of worms were damaged morphologically. 4) The content of 5-HMF in the fruits of P. mume which were roasted in an oven at $90-110^{\circ}C$ for 52 hours and that in the fresh fruits was evaluated by HPLC. The content of 5-HMF was 0.8% in the roasted fruits and 0.02% in the fresh ones.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.217-231
• /
• 2007

To explore limiting factors of spring bloom caused by waste disposal after dumping activity commenced in the Yellow Sea, we used a 1-dimensional temperature-ecological coupled model. The vertical structure of temperature and vertical diffusivity (Kh) are calculated by the temperature model with sea surface temperature using the 2.5 layers turbulence closure scheme. The ecological model applied results at the temperature model consisted of five state variables (DIN, DIP, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and detritus) forced by photosynthetically available radiation. We simulate year-to-year variations of plankton and nutrients using the coupled model from 1998 to 2000 and compare results of the model with observed data. It turned out that temperature is the growth factor of spring bloom in dumping area. During the winter the weak stratification made sufficient supply of the accumulated nutrients from the sea bed into the upper water column and led to the bloom in the coming spring. Radiation also turned out to be another important factor of spring bloom in the study area. Insufficient radiation of March 1999 showed low chlorophyll-a concentration despite sufficient nutrients in the surface.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제46권6호
• /
• pp.957-965
• /
• 2013

This study simulated the egg vertical distribution of mackerel Scomber japonicus in Korean waters using general numerical models. All eggs were spawned naturally by raising broodfishes (May-June 2013), and the egg specific gravity was measured by a density-gradient column. CTD surveys provided environmental data (e.g., temperature and salinity) in May near Jeju Island, Korea. The egg specific gravity during the early stages ranged from 1.0203-1.0211. In general, the fertilized eggs showed a gradual decline in egg specific gravity until full development of the main organs, with a sudden increase just before hatching. Modeled egg vertical distributions were influenced more by wind speed than by egg buoyancy and vertical structure of the sea water. During calm and normal wind speeds, the eggs were distributed from the surface to 25-m depths. Under strong wind conditions (three times higher than the normal speed), the egg concentration on the surface decreased, and the egg distributional depth was deeper (~50 m).

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.251-263
• /
• 2019

We investigated the mesozooplankton community structure during autumn in the southern Yellow Sea. Mesozooplankton density generally ranged from 352 to 2,954 ind. m^-3 and varied according to different sampling stations. The copepod Paracalanus parvus s.l. and its copepodites dominated in the communities, corresponding to 57.3% in density of the total. Surface and water-column averaged salinity were positively correlated with density of total mesozooplankton, copepods and a few dominant species, and the tunicate Thalia rhomboides was negatively related to chlorophyll-a concentration. The mesozooplankton community of the study area was divided into three groups according to the cluster analysis using species composition and density: one in the northern coastal region, another in the northern offshore region, and the other in the south. The most significant indicator species for each of the groups were Labidocera euchaeta in the northern coastal region, T. rhomboides in the northern offshore region, and Themisto sp. juveniles in the south. This study provides recent data on the characteristics of the mesozooplankton community in the southern Yellow Sea, which may be valuable for gaining a better understanding of changes in the pelagic ecosystem of the Yellow Sea.