• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.71-83
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to analyze the present fashion phenomenon by considering the types of street fashion, the center of avant-grade modern fashion, that shows the origination background and special feature concretely. The times was defined through the 1980's from World War II that street style originated, so the range of study was the 1990's when the street style was influenced by that of the past and was revived. The ways of study were to analyze the records of ideology, art and music connected with the street style from World War II to the present when it has risen. The summary of result is as follows. (1) In the 1940's, Zooties was the jet of desire suppressed by African-Americans that couldn't receive favors socially and economically and Hipsters pursued reformative bebop that made up of soft Jazz. In the 1950's, Modernists were running after Cool Jazz to the minimum. In the 1970's, Funk appered in the sexual desire and erotic strength, and was surfaced from Negro Getto. In the 1980's B-boys & Flygirls showed the street style by the scribble art of slum in the New York. As mentioned above, In the 1990's, Acid Jazz influenced by the Jazz of Negro has been the fashion added to the tradition of musical form that come from eclecticism of Jazz tended Neo-Jazz. (2) In the 1940's, Western style dreamed the country life because of rapid urbanization. In the 1950's, Beat obtained the feeling of liberation from the dissolute life and activity. In the 1960's, Psychedelics showed the freedom affected by the Pop-art and Op-art, and Hippies pursued the true individuality as 'love & peace' life style and the return to nature. In the 1990's, Grunge look influenced by the above has been fashion that shows the practical use of second-hand clothing or patchwork contrary to elitism. (3) In the 1940's, Caribbean style appered in the typical textile color with the center of West Indies. In the 1960's, Rude boys showed the magnificence and difficulty of Jamaica, and Rastafarians had a tendency to come back to the ancient civilization of America. In the 1970's, Two-tone was the simple clothing for harmonizing among human races. In the 1990's, Jamaica look influenced by the above has been the Lege fashion introduced to a high fashion, appearing in the special bright color, applique, unique hair style, and so on. (4) In the 1950's, Sufers pursued natural rhythm, getting out of everything. In the 1970' s, Skaters enjoyed the speed on the paved road. In the 1980's, Casuals emphasized the spirit of cooperation of young-things. In the 1990's, Casual look Influenced by the above has been the fashion that forms the activity, function and strong spirit of cooperation by pursuing comfortable life and sports in the tension of life and variety of modern society. (5) It was hard for Bikers to adjust themselves in society after the war. In the 1950's, Coffee bar cowboys were the reckless running boys in the leather jacket. In the 1960's, Rockers created the group originality as disobedient outsiders and Greasers imitated Rolling Stones. In the 1980's, Punks resisted the viewpoint of the old generation in offensive fashion. In the 1990's, Cyberpunk influenced by the above has pursued the classless structure, electronic music and metallic clothing that forebodes gloomily as the computer generation of ultra-modern science times. Accordingly, in understanding a complex modern fashion phenomenon, it was analyzed that the street styles of the past, from World War II to the 1980's, were reflected in that of the 1990's dividing into the five types in a word, namely Acid Jazz, Grunge look, Jamaica look, Casual look and Cyberpunk.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.627-635
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• 2017

Modern warfare is gradually changing into a network war, and information electronic warfare is also progressing. In modern war, electronic warfare is all military activity concerned with electromagnetic field use, such as signal collecting, communication monitoring, information analysis, and electronic attack. The one key function of signal collecting for enemy signal analysis, direction finding, collects the signal radiated from enemy area and then calculates the enemy direction. This paper examined the Watson-Watt algorithm for an amplitude direction finding system and CVDF algorithm for phase direction finding system and analyzed the difference in the direction finding accuracy between in the clean electromagnetic field environment and in the real operating field environment of electronic warfare system. In the real field, the direction finding accuracy was affected by the reflected field from the surrounding obstacles. Therefore, this paper proposesan enhanced direction finding process for reducing the effect. The result of direction finding by applying the proposed process was enhanced above $1.24^{\circ}$ compared to the result for the existing process.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.224-232
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• 2020

This study aimed to verify the relationship of a city's history and identity through an architectural assets survey of Daejeon Metropolitan City. To achieve these purposes, the architectural assets survey was carried out, and the characteristics were reviewed. The results of this study are as follows. (1) The architectural assets are composed of 86.5% buildings, 7.4% space environments, and 6.1% infrastructure. (2) Of the architectural assets, 52.7% were constructed in the 1960s~1980s, and 25.0% were built before the Korean War. (3) The physical characteristics of the architectural assets are represented by the single floor, housing and religious facilities, traditional Korean roof tiles, and cement mortar and wood finishing. The characteristics of the architectural assets of Daejeon Metropolitan City are related to the allocation of public offices, banks, and government buildings after the relocation of Chungnam-Do Province Office in the 1930s, and reconstruction and revival around Daejeon station after the Korean War. In particular, the accumulation of Hanok for the shrine in Isa-dong and the townhouse for railroad officers in Soje-dong represent the regional and modern history of Daejeon Metropolitan City.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.39-46
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• 2020

Graham Greene's The Quiet American is a war novel set in Vietnam. Thus, although war-related political stories are mainly unfolded, this novel presumes that Westerners are basically superior to the colored Vietnamese. In addition to racial issues, it describes the dual discrimination and inequality that women face. Phung, a Vietnamese woman who wishes to live a rich and comfortable life through marriage to a Western man, is a gender underdog oppressed by the capital and males. She is discriminated against by selfish views created by men, such as being expressed as an ignorant woman who can feel physical pain but not mental pain and being described as a partner to satisfy men's pleasure. Fowler and Pyle, the male lead characters who are gender strong, treat the Asian woman as a low-status person who is qualitatively different from Westerner and use and exploit the woman simply to satisfy their selfish needs. Therefore, it is hard to say that this story involves true love, as it is based on an unequal relationship. Eventually, Pyle's death brings Phung back to Fowler, confirming that Asian women are unable to escape from the gender underdog of Western men.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.223-229
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• 2020

The current technological advances are changing the way people live. In the history of war in the past, nations or people with an edge in military science and technology have always been the victor. The emergence of new technologies not only alters war patterns drastically but also affects military operational concepts and organizational systems. As the paradigm of the security environment changes, developed countries are investing heavily in defense R & D for their security. Therefore, the importance of professionalism of the defense acquisition personnel who perform their tasks from the exploration and development of weapon systems to mass production, deployment, and logistics support cannot be overemphasized. In the United States, an advanced country in this field, to improve the work efficiency of acquisition personnel in the defense field, the Directive of Ministry of Defense issued a law on education and training career development for personnel in 1990. The present study refers to related materials, such as the Desk Guide for the main education requirements for the US acquisition personnel in the military field, which contributes to the improvement of the workforce of the acquired manpower after the systematic education system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.464-469
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• 2019

A remote monitoring panel and control system was developed to control various valves and access control chambers, including gas shutoff valves used in CBR(Chemical, Biological and Radiological) facilities. The remote monitoring panel consisted of a main panel installed in the NBC (Nuclear, Biological and Chemical) control room and auxiliary panel installed in the clean room, and the size was divided into pure control and control including CCTV. This system can be monitored and controlled remotely according to the situation where an explosion door and gas barrier door can occur during war and during normal times. This system is divided into normal mode and war mode. In particular, it periodically senses the operation status of various valves, sensors, and filters in the CBR facilities to determine if each apparatus and equipment is in normal operation, and remotely alerts situation workers when repair or replacement is necessary. Damage due to the abnormal operation of each device in the situation can be prevented. This enables control of the blower, supply and exhaust damper, emergency generator, and coolant pump according to the state of shutoff valve and positive pressure valve in the occurrence of NBC, and prevents damage caused by abrupt inflow of conventional weapons and nuclear explosions.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.41-52
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• 2012

The Great War of 1914-1918 had dramatic consequences for all aspects of European society. Academia, and the field of mathematics, was no exception to the changes which occurred following the conflicts conclusion. After the First World War, which left Germany, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria and Turkey defeated, the Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh revisions to the old order. Many new nations emerged and the map of Europe was redrawn. The victorious powers also created the International Research Council (IRC) in 1919, and the International Mathematical Union (IMU) was founded under the IRC' s umbrella in 1920. At that time Germany, Austria, Hungary and Bulgaria were excluded from participation and the IMU maintained an open anti-German policy. However, as time passed this policy became more sharply criticized and in 1928 ICM, the nonparticipants were invited to join. Having declined, controversy persisted until in 1931 the IRC was replaced by the International Council of Scientific Unions, and the IMU disappeared for over two decades until it was reestablished in 1951. During the time of the first tenure of the IMU it is argued by many that politics entered into the world of international mathematical cooperation. In this paper we study the real effects the Great War had on the international mathematical community and its mathematicians.

• Strategy21
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• s.46
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• pp.159-204
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• 2020

This study is written to bring the proposal forward for the direction of south korean naval force. The political situation and the circumstance of the world, especially in the area of Pacific Ocean, are changing very rapidly. North Korea has been always the conventional existing intimidator for South Korea since the 6·25-War. Additionally, the strengthening movements of the national defense, which is easily noticed from China and Russia, is also an other part of intimidating countries against South Korea. Those three mentioned countries are continually developing the asymmetrical warfare systems, for example a strategic nuclear weapon. Since the Obama Administration, the Asia-Pacific Rebalancing-Strategy has been changed as an East Asian foreign policy. Nowadays, Trump Administration renamed the 'United States Pacific-Command' to 'United States Indo-Pacific Command'. The purpose of this is not only letting India to participate in american alliance, but also reducing an economic burden, which is often mentioned in USA. West Germany was located in the very similar geopolitical position during the Cold War just like South Korea these days. And that's why the strategy of West German Navy is worthy of notice for south korean naval force to decide its suitable strategy. Most of all, the two most important things to refer to this study are the plan to expand naval air force and the realistic political stand for us to take it. In conclusion, I laid an emphasis on maintenance of 'green-water-navy'. instead of selecting the strategy as a 'blue-water-navy'. The reason I would like to say, is that south korean navy is not available to hold the unnecessary war potential, just like Aircraft-Carrier. However, this is not meaning to let the expansion of naval force carelessly. We must search the best solution in order to maintain the firm peace within the situation. To fulfill this concept, it is mostly very important to maintain the stream of laying down a keel of destroyers, submarines and air-defense-missile, as well as the hight-tech software system, taking a survey of 4th industrial revolution. Research and development for the best solution of future aircraft by south korean navy is likewise necessary. Besides, we must also set the international diplomatic flexibly. As well as maintaining the relationship with US Forces, it is also very important to improve the relationship with other potential allied nation.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.107-118
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• 2015

Many approaches to agent collaboration have been introduced in military war-games, and those approaches address methods for simulation entity (actor) collaboration within a team to achieve given goals. To meet fast-changing battlefield situations, an actor must be loosely coupled with their tasks and be able to take over the role of other actors if necessary to reflect role handovers occurring in real combat. Achieving these requirements allows the transfer of tasks assigned one actor to another actor in circumstances when that actor cannot execute its assigned role, such as when destroyed in action. Tight coupling between an actor and its tasks can prevent role handover in fast-changing situations. Unfortunately, existing approaches and war-game strictly assign tasks to actors during design, therefore they prevent the loose coupling. To overcome these shortcomings, our Role-based Command Hierarchy (ROCH) model dynamically assigns roles to actors based on their situation at runtime. In the model, "Role" separates actors from their tasks. In this paper, we implement the ROCH model as a component that uses a publish-subscribe pattern to handle the link between an actor and the roles of its subordinates (other actors).

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.141-151
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• 2023

Since the end of the Cold War in the 1990s, European countries have cut defense costs and reduced armaments as an era of peace without large-scale wars continues, and as a result, the West's defense industry base has gradually weakened. On the other hand, South Korea, the world's only divided country, was able to achieve high growth in the defense industry as a result of continuous arms strengthening in the face of North Korea's nuclear and missile threats. With the rapid increase in demand for conventional weapons systems and changes in the structure of the global defense market due to the Russia-Ukraine war, Korea's weapons system drew great attention as a large-scale defense export contract with Poland was signed in 2022. In 2023, K-Defense ranked ninth in the world's arms exports and aims to become the world's fourth-largest defense exporter by 2027. Therefore, this study analyzed the case of Korea-Poland defense exports to derive problems, and presented development strategies related to export revitalization of K-Defense, a national strategic industry. In order for the defense industry to become Korea's next growth engine, it is necessary to establish a defense organization, prepare government-level measures to protect defense industry technology, and expand military and security cooperation with allies linked to defense exports.