• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권4C호
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• pp.451-457
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• 2006

피어-투-피어(P2P) 네트워크는 개방적, 평면적, 자율적 특성으로 인하여 참여 피어들의 악의적인 공격에 근원적으로 취약하다. 본 논문에서는 부트스트래핑(bootstrapping) 단계 및 온라인 단계에서의 악의적 피어들의 공격을 효율적으로 방어하는 문제를 다룬다. 본 논문은 부트스트래핑 단계에서 네트워크의 신뢰성 있는 노드를 이용하여 새로 가입하는 피어에게 ID 관련 정보를 안전하게 부여하는 멤버쉽 처리 프로토콜을 제시한다. 이 신뢰성 있는 노드들은 새로운 피어들이 네트워크에 참여할 때만 사용되곤 그 이외의 P2P 동작에는 관여하지 않는다. 온라인 단계에서의 공격에 대하여 본 논문에서는 P2P 오버레이를 통해 전송되는 메시지의 구조를 제안하여, 메시지 변경, 재생 공격 및 잘못된 정보를 가지는 메시지 공격들의 검출이 용이해지도록 한다 제안한 기법들은 함께 적용되어 악의적 피어들의 속임수를 억제함으로써 피어들로 하여금 네트워크의 프로토콜을 준수하게 만든다. 제안 기법들은 기본적 P2P 오버레이 모델을 가정하여 비구조적 및 구조적의 다수 P2P 네트워크들에 적용될 수 있다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.119-131
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• 1996

The relationship of maternal separation anxiety, availability of support system and child gender to initial preschool adjustment was examined. Data were collected on 72 middle-class Korean children(35 boys, 37 girls) between the ages of 31 months and 60 months who were entering preschool. Subjects were from intact families, all with non-working mothers. Mothers completed the Maternal Separation Anxiety Scale(MSAS) and indicated the number of extended family members in the home as an index of social support. Classroom teachers completed the Preschool Behavior Questionnaire (PBQ) for each child after the first 2 weeks and again after 6 weeks of school. Each child was observed by the research team during the first 2 weeks of school and again after the 6th-week using the Child Observation System (COS). Applying the COS observed behavior was classified as being in the dependent, neutral, or active mode. All instruments were culturally relevant as validated by Korean experts. Maternal Separation Anxiety was a significant predictor for girls only, accounting for 11% of initial COS variance (p=＜.05). In contrast, social support was a significant predictor for boys only, accounting for 28% of initial PBQ variance when entered after MSAS(p=.005). A significant difference between initial and 6th-week adjustment was obtained in the expected direction on the COS with behavior improving with time (t=-4.06, p=.001). Although a significant difference between initial and 6th-week PBQ adjustment was also obtained (t=-3.63, p=.001), it was not in the direction expected, problematic behavior were found to increase with time. Cultural and developmental factors help explain the findings. Given the patrilineal social system in Korea, boys are highly preferred over girls. Thus the at-home support system, comprised primarily of grandparents, may have a significant influence on school adjustment particularly of first-born sons. In contrast, since girls are viewed as fragile and vulnerable, mothers may express greater separation anxiety about girls. Finally, as would be expected, older children may be able to develop coping skills more readily than younger ones, as child adjustment on the COS significanlty improved over the 6-week period.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2017

Life quality in farming areas is declining these days on account of decrease in population with the outflow of young generations, advent of aging society, and also lack of social and physical infrastructure. To reverse this, the central and local governments have been devising policies in many ways; however, the vulnerable class in farming area suffering from financial difficulty is not supported with that properly. The results of applying insulation materials applicable to rural houses, EPS, e-board, and glass wool, actually to rural houses are summed as follows. EPS is the most inexpensive among the three installations in terms of material cost and expenses. The indoor and outdoor temperature difference increased from $0.9^{\circ}C$ to $2.5^{\circ}C$, and the temperature change reduced as $0.04^{\circ}C$. With e-board, the indoor and outdoor temperature difference increased from $3.3^{\circ}C$ to $7.5^{\circ}C$; however, the temperature change increased as $0.09^{\circ}C$. Unlike the other two methods, glass wool requires the additional installation of wooden frames. The material cost is highest, and the indoor and outdoor temperature difference increased from $1.1^{\circ}C$ to $8.0^{\circ}C$, and the temperature change reduced as $0.01^{\circ}C$. According to the results of measuring temperature, glass wool's temperature difference is measured to be the highest, but temperature change is found to be the most effective in EPS. Among the three insulation methods, EPS is the most economically advantageous as the material supply is easy and the cost is low. The material is easily processible, so ordinary town residents can install it easily, and it is effective at improving insulation performance, too. But this method cannot be applied when the house has walls that are not even. Also, as the insulator is thick, after the installation, the living space may be narrower as a result.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제16권6_1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2016

북한이 우리 사회의 취약한 전산망에 대한 충분한 사이버 공격능력을 갖추고 있어 다양한 대규모의 사이버 공격을 시도할 것으로 예상된다. 북한의 사이버전 수준은 세계 최고수준으로 알려져 있다. 사이버 요원의 수도 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 최근 북한의 사이버공격은 수법과 대상을 가리지 않는 전방위적으로 행해지고 있다. 그러나 지금까지의 북한 사이버공격은 실질적인 공격이라기보다는 탐색의 성격이 강하다. 남한이 얼마나 빨리 문제를 발견하고 복구하는지를 알아보기 위한 목적이었다고 볼 수 있다. 하지만 앞으로는 막대한 실질적 피해를 주는 사이버공격을 자행할 개연성이 높다. 주요 교통 금융 에너지시설 등의 국가기반시설에 대한 공격이 발생할 경우 그 피해규모는 상상을 초월할 것이므로 이에 대한 대책이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 최근 북한 사이버공격의 특징을 살펴보고 대응 방안으로 사이버테러방지법제정, 대응모의훈련실시, 민관협력체제 구축, 사이버보안 인프라 확대 등을 제시하고자 한다.

• 대한의료기공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.139-154
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study is to report the results and evaluation of I phase of the Gigong Academy, hosted by the Korean Academy of Medical Gi-Gong. Methods : The assessment and results were used in questionnaires. Conclusions : 1. Total 109 persons participated from 1-1 to 1-5 with an average of 21.8 person attending each session, which was a rather unsatisfactory level. 2. In the age group of participants, those in their 40s were mostly about 70 percent, and those in their 30s were very small, forming a vulnerable hierarchy that lacks a middle class. 3. The main purpose of the Academy participants was Gigong training, but the purpose of treatment and rest increased over the round of session. 4. The quality of the Academy's lectures, systems, and venues is highly positive, which can be said to be successful, but there is a need for publicity to increase participants, and more encouragement for the lifestyle of personal training and health care.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2014년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.542-544
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• 2014

장애우는 타인의 도움이 절실히 필요하지만, 도움을 요청할 곳이 많지 않다. 장애우에게 도움을 줄 수 있는 사회복지사의 숫자는 증가하고 있지만, 여전히 그 숫자가 장애우의 숫자에 비해 많이 부족하여 자원봉사자들의 적극적인 참여를 필요로 한다. 하지만 자원봉사를 원하는 사람들이 어떤 시설과 어떤 절차에 의해 자원봉사를 할 수 있는지에 대한 정보가 부족하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 사회적 취약 계층인 장애우의 복지 정보와 도움 제공을 위한 안드로이드 애플리케이션을 설계 및 구현했다. 해당 애플리케이션은 타인의 도움이 필요한 장애우 사용자와 장애우를 도와주길 자원하는 자원봉사자에 맞추어 구현했다. 기본적으로 사용자를 중심으로 복지관의 위치를 지도상에 표시한다. 도움이 필요한 장애우 사용자에게는 도움 요청 시 간단한 메시지와 자신의 위치를 표시하고, 일반 사용자에게는 자신이 도와줄 수 있는 장애우의 위치를 표시해 준다. 그 외에도 장애우에게 필요한 보장구에 대한 정보를 공유하며 거래 및 의연 활동을 할 수 있도록 구현하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.591-597
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• 2022

코로나19 유행의 확산으로 인해 사회적 불안감이 높아지고 있는 가운데 기초지방자치단체 수준에서의 대응도 그 특성에 따라 달라지고 있다. 이에 2020년 부산광역시의 16개 시군구를 대상으로 한 사회조사를 바탕으로 가구주의 특성, 경제적 특성, 지역 애착 특성, 사회 안전에 대한 인식 특성이 기초지방자치단체 신뢰도에 미치는 영향을 순서형 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통해 분석하였다. 취약계층일수록, 지역이 안전하다고 느낄수록 기초지방자치단체에 대한 신뢰도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 자연 및 사회적 재난 상황에서의 피해를 선제적으로 대응하고 회복하기 위해서 기초지방자치단체의 역량 강화에 지속적인 노력이 필요하다.

• Architectural research
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2022

The public rental housing policy aims to provide the housing to the vulnerable class who do not have enough credit to own houses. The Korean government introduced new policies for housing supply to improve the availability of new houses. However, it is difficult to expand the supply because of the accumulated deficit of public rental housing. In this study, the economic feasibility of long-term public rental housing reconstruction projects was examined to ensure the economic and sustainable growth of public rental housing. The research found that the compensation for the accumulated deficit is needed. Also the research analyzed and identified the factors affecting the economic feasibility of reconstruction projects. The significant factors identified in this research are: the supply price of pre-sale/rental housing in the reconstruction project, total cost of the reconstruction project, and total floor area of the reconstruction project. According to the analysis results, it is necessary to increase the rent of existing long-term public rental housing, expand the government subsidy, increase the supply price of pre-sale/rental housing, and reduce the total project cost. However, there are limitations. For example, the fluctuations of construction market, residents' burden of housing costs, and the limit of the budget of the public housing authority. The increasing total Floor Area Ratio(FAR) limitation of the reconstruction project would be the realistic solution to the problem because it gives incentives to the reconstruction project.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Backgrounds: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, the university students population is one of the high risk and vulnerable groups. This study analyzed the status of student's mental health, including anxiety and depression caused by COVID-19, and its related factors among a university students in Korea. Methods : Our study subjects included university students in Korea. The survey items included general characteristics, teaching methods, physical activity, eating habits (SDBQ-L), weight-related questions, general anxiety disorder-7(GAD-7), and depression symptoms checklist. Frequency analysis, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis were performed and data was analyzed using R version 4.1.2 program. Results : The prevalence of anxiety complaints was 5.5%, while the prevalence of depression complaints was 30.8%. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors influencing anxiety, anxiety occurred 19.081 times (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.352-154.807) in the group with unhealthy diet (p<0.01). While in the multivariable analysis to identify factors affecting depression, women were 2.607 times significantly higher (95% CI: 1.255-5.415) than men, 0.407 times (95% CI:0.197-0.840) for residents of the metropolitan area, 3.418 times higher (95% CI:1.633-7.198) for unhealthy dietary people, and 2.225 times higher (95% CI: 1.080-4.582) for weight gainers (p<0.05). The type of class had no effect. Conclusions: COVID-19 and its associated interventions had negative effects on the mental health status including anxiety and depression in university students in Korea. Based on our results we recommend developing mental health interventions and prevention strategies for students in all universities in Korea.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2022

In rural areas, changes in the agricultural structure began to appear as the vulnerable class increased due to a decrease in population such as a decrease in fertility and aging, and the elderly were unable to engage in agriculture. The number of farmers and farmers is steadily decreasing, and the elderly population living in rural areas is steadily increasing. Rural houses are left empty due to the moving, hospitalization, and death of the elderly population. The purpose of this study aims to present the current status of vacant houses in rural areas, problems of vacant houses policy in rural areas, and improvement plans. The purpose of this study aims to analyze the population status and aging of rural areas, and to present a plan to improve the trend of vacant houses with cities and the problems of vacant house policies. This study was conducted in the following process. First, the definition of vacant houses in rural areas should be redefined. Second, it is necessary to analyze the causes of vacant houses in rural areas and plan the use of vacant houses linked to them.Third, the management system of vacant houses in rural areas should be clear.