• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.275-282
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• 1993

When mandibular prognathic patients are operated orthognathic surgery which reduce the oral cavity volume, tongue volume should be harmonized with oral cavity volume to be changed because prevent the relapse of malocclusion. To decide the need for tongue resection, the author measured the tongue volume and oral cavity volume with stone model which were taken by impression method and study the difference between the ratio of tongue and oral cavity volume in mandibular prognathic group and normal group. The samples were consisted of four groups, the 40 subjects of the control group, 40 subjects of the experimental group. Each group was subdivided into male and female group respectively. The results were as follows : 1. The tongue volume and oral cavity volume measurements are $20.7cm^3,\;32.7cm^3$ in the control group respectively, and $24.9cm^3,\;42.9cm^3$ in the experimental group respectively. 2. There is no difference in the ratio of the tongue volume to oral cavity volume in control group and experimental group. 3. Correlation coefficients between the tongue volume and oral cavity volume are 0.11, 0.29 in experimental group and control group respectively, and 0.43 in gross total group. 4. The tongue volume of male is larger than female(p<0.05).

• 수산경영론집
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2001

The research on the price-volume relation in the market is very important because it examines into regular phenomenon revealed by market participants including producers and middlemen. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between price and trading volume in the oyster producing market. In order to accomplish the purpose of this study, the contents of empirical analysis include the time series properties of price and trading volume, the short-term and long-term relationships between price and trading volume, and the determinants of trading volume. The data used in this study correspond to daily price and trading volume covering the time period from January 1998 to April 2001. The empirical results can be summarized as follows : First, price and trading volume follow random walks and they are integrated of order 1. The first difference is necessary for satisfying the stationary conditions. Second, price and trading volume are cointegrated. This long-run relationship is stronger from trading volume to price. Third, error correction model suggests that feedback effect exists in the long-run and that price tends to lead trading volume by about five days in the short run, that is, to be required period by digging, conveying, and peeling oystershell for selling oyster. Fourth, price and price volatility is a determinant of trading volume. In particular, trading volume is a negative function of price. It is believed that the conclusion drawn from this study would provide a useful standard for the policy makers in charge of reducing the oyster price volatility risk caused by trading volume(selling quantities).

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.425-431
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• 2014

본 연구는 ATOM Phantom을 이용하여 선량, 화질을 비교 분석 하여 Volume mode의 유용성 밝혀 소아 CT 검사에 적극적으로 사용하기 위함이다. Helical mode Noise와 Volume mode의 Noise, HU, SNR은 p>0.05 이므로 통계적으로 유이한 차이가 없음을 알 수 있었다. 각 부위별 선량값은 모두 p>0.05 이므로 통계적 유이한 차이가 없었으나 DLP값이 Helical mode보다 Volume mode가 더 낮게 측정되었다. 유효선량 역시 Volume mode가 Helical mode 보다 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 정성적 분석에서는 Mode에 따른 조건 별로 각각 Helical: 2.6, 3.3, 4.36 Volume: 2.8, 3.64, 4.44, Mode별 Follow up 영상평가 결과로는 Helical mode가 3.8 Volume mode가 3.83점으로 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 5세 이하의 소아 CT검사에 있어서 640-MDCT Volume scan이 Helical mode와 비교해 낮은 선량으로 영상의 질이 큰 차이가 없기에 소아 CT 검사에는 유용 하다고 생각된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-3
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• 1966

According to the test of suitability on the acting volume table based upon D.B.H. and Height, the volume by the standing volume table of soft woods produced in Kangwon Province is larger than the true volume and the volume by the standing volume table prepared in form factor 0.45 is smaller than the true volume on the all species obviously. But the volume by the standing volume table of the red pine produced in Kangwon Province and that of Korean white pine prepared in Forest Expriment Station equal to the true volume well.

• Korean Membrane Journal
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.8-24
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• 1999

free volume in polymers is defined as the difference of the specific volume and the volume which is not available for the particular molecular motion which is responsible or the process that is considered . Relations between free volume and viscosity free volume and diffusion coefficient are pre-sented both in the case of simple low molecular weight liquids and in the case of polymers. Molecular models and free volume models are reminded starting from the equilibrium state equation of Simha and Somcynski. The non equilibrium situations of specific volume of glass polymers below Tg are shown introducing different relaxation volume equations which involve different material's parameters and con-cept of the fictitious temperature. The diffusivity equations of Vrentas and Duda are introduced both for the glassy and rubbery states. The possibility of introducing time relaxation functions is also suggested. The importance of finding experimental evidences of the free volume is stressed. highlights of the free volume measurement methods are given in particular as to dilatometry photocromy fluorescence electron spin resonance small angle X-ray scattering positron annihilation spectroscopy.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.219-229
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• 1991

The longitudinal changes on human milk volume per day and lactational performance of 23 Korean lacto-ovo-vegetarians(primiparae=11, multiparae=12) from 0.5 to 5 months after parturition have been studied by test weighing method. The human milk volume per day tended to increase during lactation. The mean volume (SD, ml/day) at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 months were 502(102), 692(127), 697(100), 684( 125), 757(52), 703(70), respectively. The overall mean volume was 661$\pm$132ml/day. The peak milk volume during the lactation was observed at most lactating women at the 1st month. The distributions of the individual mean volume during the first 5 months of lactation were found over 750m1(8.7% ), 650-750ml(47.9% ), 550-650m1(2l.7% ), and 450-550ml(2l.7% ) The number of feeding per day was 8.1 ($\pm$1.0) at 0.5 months postpartum, which was consistently decreased. However, the mean volume per feeding was increased from 62($\pm$9.5)ml at 0.5 month to 112($\pm$13.3)ml at 5 months postpartum. The milk volume was correlated with the peak volume. and maternal age. but not with weight before delivery. maternal height and birth weight. No differences of milk volume and lactational performance between facto-ovo-vegetarian and nonvegetarian women were observed. This study suggests that the human milk volume cited in the recommended dietary allowances for Koreitns is over estimated.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.211-215
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• 2003

In this work, a new way of measuring the volume fraction of e martensite in Fe-based alloys has been proposed. Since the specific volume of ${\varepsilon}$ martensite, depending on alloy composition, is smaller than that of austenite i.e ${\gamma}$ phase, volume expansion takes place during ${\varepsilon}{\rightarrow}{\gamma}$ reverse transformation. As the amount of the volume expansion is proportional to the product of specific volume difference times the volume fraction of ${\varepsilon}$ martensite, the volume fraction of ${\varepsilon}$ martensite can be calculated by measuring the volume expansion and the specific volume difference. Such a relationship was confirmed in Fe-21Mn and Fe-32Mn-6Si alloys which undergo ${\gamma}{\rightarrow}{\varepsilon}$ martensitic transformation on cooling and by cold rolling, respectively. It was also found that the former has isotropic ${\varepsilon}$ martensite while the latter has anisotropic ${\varepsilon}$ martensite.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.113-129
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• 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine whether trading volume amplifies the extent to which lottery-type stocks are overpriced, and whether economic sentiment index explains time-variation in the magnitude of the volume amplification effect. Design/methodology/approach - We examine monthly returns on 5x5 monthly bivariate portfolios formed by lottery characteristics (measured by maximum daily return) and trading volume. In addition, we perform time-series regression tests to examine how the volume amplification effect changes in high and low economic sentiment periods, after controlling for Fama-French three factors. Findings - Our bivariate portfolio analysis shows that the overpricing of lottery-type stocks are mostly pronounced among high trading volume stocks. In contrast, for low trading volume stocks, overpricing of lottery-type stocks appears to vanish. Furthermore, the amplification effect of trading volume on overpricing of lottery-type stock is concentrated in high economic sentiment periods. Research implications or Originality - This study is the first attempt to examine whether trading volume drives lottery-type stocks' overpricing in the Korean stock market. Furthermore, our analysis unveils the time-varying nature of volume amplification effect. The results suggest that trading volume might play a important hidden role in asset pricing, opening a new line of researches in the future.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2010

This paper analyzes how to measure breast volume and the change in breast volume after wearing a brassiere. Measurement using a breast replica is used to measure the breast volume of 41 women in their twenties. The rate of persons having flat and hemispherical breast are high. The majority of subjects are size 75A, 80A, and 75B, and their under-bust size is 70. The current size specification should be refined for fitting according as the girth under bust decreases. The correlation between breast volume and the circumference of the breasts was high. It was more reliable to set up the cup size of a brassiere using the breast circumference. The mean breast volume is 263.68cc (nude) and the total volume wearing brassiere is 342.05cc. The volume difference according to wearing a brassiere is 78.37cc, which is less than the brassiere volume itself. The results show, the less breast volume of a subject, then the greater volume in wearing a brassiere.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.273-278
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• 1995

This study is to estimate the ventilation volume by the traffic that originated from driving automobiles for two tunnels (Kugi tunnel and Kumhwa tunnel) that adopted natural ventilation system among tunnels of Seoul, and on the basis of which, we estimated the ventilation velume at various conditions. With the result of the estimation, we will present the basic method that can be operated with the optimum condition for the ventilation system. Estimating the predicted ventilation volume in the tennel by the pollutant concentration, we used traffic volume and CO emission data by the automobile speed and CO concentration in the tunnel. And, when we estimated the traffic ventilation volume by natural and traffic ventilation force, we used traffic volume, automobile speed, tunnel area, automobile area data and so on. As the result of simple regression between predicted ventilation volume and traffic ventilation volume, we attained the regression coefficient 0.88, and achieved the relation form that predicted ventilation volume equal 0.12x traffic ventilation volume-92, 000. Using this equation, we estimated the ventilation volume to satisfy the enviromnental standards of several space, and calculated the required volume for mechanical ventilation. Incase of Kumhwa Tunnel, there is a need of mechanical ventilation all day long to satisfy air quality standard 9 ppm for 8 hours average and 10 ppm for the indoor air quality standard of public facilities.