• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2011

Vitamin K, which is a nutritional factor, play a role in the regulation of bone metabolism. Vitamin K exists naturally in 2 forms, namely, vitamin $K_1$ (phylloquinone) in green plants and vitamin $K_2$ (menaquinone) in animals and bacteria. Vitamin $K_1$ has an effect on bone metabolism. Vitamin $K_2$ is essential for the ${\gamma}$-carboxylation of osteocalcin, a bone matrix protein containing ${\gamma}$-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) which is synthesized in osteoblast of bone tissues. This paper is to provide the basic information of vitamin K by supplying function and biological activity of vitamin K together with vitamin K producing lactic acid bacteria and it's utilization for the dairy products production.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.287-295
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• 1999

This study was conducted to observe the effect of vitamin K on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women. Twenty-four healthy postmenopausal women recruited for this one-month, double-blind controlled study. Before and after daily administration of 1.0mg of phylloquinone the levels of serum vitamin K, osteocalcin, under-carboxylated osteocalcin, and urinary deoxy-phyidinoline were measured. The serum vitamin K concentration of Koran women as well as the average dietary intake of vitamin K was shown to be higher than the average levels of foreign women. However, no correlation between serum vitamin K concentration and vitamin K intake was found. Also, serum vitamin K concentration showed no special correlation with either bone mineral density or bone turnover markers in the study group. However, women with low serum vitamin K concentration(vitamin K-low group)had lower bone mineral density levels. After supplementation with 1.0mg/day of vitamin K, there were no changes in the levels of serum vitamin K, osteocalcin, ucOC, or u-DPD. Vitamin K supplementation did not seem to have any positive effects on bone metabolism through carboxylation. It can, however, be expected that vitamin K supplementation has a positive effect on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women with especially low serum vitamin K concentrations.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.3133-3138
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• 2010

The electrochemical properties of the liposoluble vitamin $K_1$ adsorbed on bare and lipid coated glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) were studied in unbuffered and well buffered aqueous media. The reduction products of vitamin $K_1$ were characterized by employing cyclic voltammetry and the in situ UV-visible spectroelectrochemical technique. The radical species of vitamin $K_1$ cannot be observed at the bare GCEs in well buffered media. The formation of the anion radical of vitamin $K_1$ was observed in unbuffered solutions above pH 5.9 or at the lipid coated GCE in a well-buffered solution. UV-visible absorption bands of neutral vitamin $K_1$ were observed at 260 nm and 330 nm, and a band corresponding to the anion radical species was observed at 450 nm. The derivative cyclic voltabsorptometric (DCVA) curves obtained for electrochemical reduction of vitamin $K_1$ confirmed the presence of both neutral and anion radical species. The anion radical of vitamin $K_1$ formed at the hydrophobic conditions with phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipid coated electrode was stable enough to be observed in the spectroelectrochemical experiments.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2005

Various aspects of antioxidant activity in vitamin C were evaluated in this study. Relatively high level of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was detected in vitamin C, but not in non-antioxidative vitamin, vitamin B1. Vitamin C also reduced the production of lipid peroxidation in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells with $IC_{50}$ value of $4{\mu}g/ml$. Vitamin B1 showed comparable reduction in lipid peroxidation products ($IC_{50}$ value was about $10{\mu}g/ml$). It was shown that vitamin C also dose-dependently enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in V79-4 cells, and these effects were not observed in vitamin Bl-treated cells. Our data suggest that well-known antioxidant vitamin C involved in direct activation of SOD, CAT and GPX.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2012

Background: Vitamin C is an essential nutrient for maintaining human life. Vitamin C insufficiency in the plasma is closely related with the development of scurvy. However, in vivo kinetics of vitamin C regarding its storage and consumption is still largely unknown. Methods: We used $Gulo^{-/-}$ mice, which cannot synthesize vitamin C like human. Vitamin C level in plasma and organs from $Gulo^{-/-}$ mice was examined, and it compared with the level of wild-type mice during 5 weeks. Results: The significant weight loss of $Gulo^{-/-}$ mice was shown at 3 weeks after vitamin C withdrawal. However, there was no differences between wild-type and vitamin C-supplemented $Gulo^{-/-}$ mice (3.3 g/L in drinking water). The concentration of vitamin C in plasma and organs was significantly decreased at 1 week after vitamin C withdrawal. Vitamin C is preferentially deposited in adrenal gland, lymph node, lung, and brain. There were no significant changes in the numbers and CD4/CD8 ratio of splenocytes in $Gulo^{-/-}$ mice with vitamin C withdrawal for 4 weeks. And the architecture of spleen in $Gulo^{-/-}$ mice was disrupted at 5 weeks after vitamin C withdrawal. Conclusion: The vitamin C level of $Gulo^{-/-}$ mice was considerably decreased from 1 week after vitamin C withdrawal. Vitamin C is preferentially stored in some organs such as brain, adrenal gland and lung.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 1999

목 적: 저자들은 백서에서 수술적으로 담도 결찰전과 결찰 4주 후에 지용성 비타민(vitamin A와 D)의 혈중 농도 변화 및 담도 결찰 후 담즙산을 투여했을 때 장관내 지용성 비타민의 흡수 변화에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 생후 4주된 Sprague-Dawley rats을 대상으로 하여 수술적으로 담도를 결찰하였다. 담도 결찰 전과 결찰 4주후의 혈중 ALT, total bilirubin, vitamin A, vitamin D의 농도를 측정하였다. 백서들은 담도 결찰 후 4주간 사육하였으며, 사육기간 중 비타민만을 투요한 군, 담즙산을 투여한 군 및 UDCA를 투여한 3군으로 나누었다. 결 과: 1) 수술전 혈중 농도(평균): ALT 74.2 IU, total bilirubin 0.26 mg/dL; vitamin D 13.01 ng/mL vitamin A $0.87\;{\mu}g/mL$, total bile acids $25.16\;{\mu}mol/L$. 2) 수술 4주후 농도(평균): ALT 100.7 IU, total bilirubin 2.58 mg/dL; vitamin D 7.89 ng/mL vitamin A $1.37\;{\mu}g/mL$, total bile acids $278.22\;{\mu}mol/L$. 3) 수술후 각 군간의 혈중 vitamin A와 vitamin D의 농도 차이는 없었다. 결 론: 담도 결찰 후 vitmain A 혈중 농도는 상승 하였으며, vitamin D 농도는 감소하였다. 경구로 담즙산을 투였을 때 혈중 지용성 vitamin 농도는 투여하지 않은 경우와 차이가 없었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1099-1104
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• 2017

Objective: This work was to find the correlation of alcohol dehydrogenase 1C (ADH1C) genotype with vitamin A reduction and carcass traits during the vitamin A restriction period. Methods: In study 1, 60 Korean native steers were fed a diet (890 IU/kg) with 8,000 IU and 0 IU of supplemental premix vitamin A/kg of dry matter (DM) for control and treatment group, respectively. The levels of serum vitamin A were analyzed through high preparative performance liquid chromatography, and the ADH1C genotype was analyzed based on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP; 78.1% TT type, 21.9% TC type); however, CC type was not found. Then, the interaction between ADH1C and carcass traits on the vitamin A restriction was investigated in study 2. A total of 136 Korean native steers were fed a diet that included 930 IU/kg vitamin A of DM. Results: Serum vitamin A in treatment was reduced to 112.4 IU/dL in steers with TT type of ADH1C, while for steers with TC type the concentration of serum vitamin A was dropped to 79.5 IU/dL (p<0.1) in study 1. This showed that TC type had the potential to lower serum vitamin A concentration during vitamin A restriction compared to TT type. In study 2 we found that eye muscle area, marbling and carcass weight in Korean native steers with TC type were higher than in steers with TT type (p<0.05). Conclusion: The interaction between vitamin A restriction and TC type of ADH1C gene could have the potential of increasing the marbling in Korean native steers. These results indicated that steers with TC type of the ADH1C gene were more sensitive to the change of serum vitamin A than TT types. Furthermore, this finding has the potential to enable a higher marbling score under the condition of vitamin A restriction in Korean native steers.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 초임계 ASES 공정을 이용하여 인체내 및 피부에 여러 가지로 유익한 대표적 생리활성물질인 Vitamin-C의 불안정성을 극복하기 위하여 HP-${\beta}$-CD와의 포접복합체를 제조하여 수용액상에서의 안정성을 분석하였다. X-선 회절을 이용한 Vitamin-C와 HP-${\beta}$-CD의 결정성 분석으로 초임계 ASES 공정을 통하여 포접복합체가 용이하게 형성될 수 있음을 확인하였다. HP-${\beta}$-CD가 Vitamin-C의 안정성을 향상시키는 방법으로 이용될 수 있음을 확인하였으며, $25{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$의 온도를 유지한 pH 7.0의 50 mM 인산완충용액 상에서 순수한 Vitamin-C, 물리적인 혼합물 및 용매증발법과 초임계 ASES 공정을 이용하여 제조된 포접복합체의 Vitamin-C 겉보기 1차 분해 속도 상수는 각각 $1.45{\times}10^{-2}h^{-1},\;1.41{\times}10^{-2}h^{-1},\;1.34{\times}10^{-2}h^{-1},\;0.20{\times}10^{-2}h^{-1}$로 초임계 ASES 공정으로 제조된 포접복합체의 경우 Vitamin-C의 안정성이 매우 크게 향상되는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.726-731
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• 1999

Many studies show that the bone loss in postmenopausal women is closely related with status of vitamin K. The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of the vitamin K supplements on the carboxylation of serum osteocalcin in postmenopausal women. Twenty-four healthy postmenopausal women were recruited for the double-blind controlled study. Before and after daily administration of 1.0mg of phylloquinone for one month, the levels of serum vitamin K, osteocalcin, undercarboxylated osteocalcin were measured. Daily intake of vitamin K was also calculated. After the 4-weeks of supplements of 1.0mg/day of vitamin K, there were no significant differences for the levels of serum vitamin K, osteocalcin, and ucOC between the experimental and placebo groups. In this study, it was not found that the supplements of vitamin K to the postmenopausal women had any positive effects on.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2001

Ginseng may have antioxidant and pharmacologic effects similar to those of vitamin E. The interactive effect of ginseng and vitamin E was studied with respect to cholesterol metabolism and the antioxidant status. A ginseng supplement (0.1%, wt/wt) with comparable levels of vitamin E was provided with a high-cholesterol (1%, wt/wt) diet to rats for 5 weeks. The amount of vitamin E included in the ginseng-free and ginseng diets was either a low (low-E) or a normal (normal-E) level. The ginseng supplements significantly (p<0.05) altered the concentrations of plasma triglycerides in both the low-vitamin E group and normal-vitamin E group compared to the each ginseng-free group. The hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol content were not significantly (p>0.05) different between groups regardless of the vitamin E level in the diet. The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity was significantly (p<0.05) lowered by the ginseng supplement in both the low-vitamin E and the normal-vitamin E groups compared to the ginseng-free group. The HMG-CoA reductase activity was also significantly (p<0.05) lowered with in increase of the dietary vitamin E in the ginseng-free group. The excretion of fecal neutral sterol was significantly (p<0.05) lower in the normal-E ginseng group than th low-E ginseng-free group. Neither dietary ginseng nor vitamin E significantly changed the hepatic antioxidant enzymes activity. This data indicates that ginseng supplements lower the concentration of plasma triglyceride and hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity regardless of eh dietary vitamin E level. This information may contribute to understanding the interactive effect of ginseng and vitamin E on cholesterol biosynthesis in high cholesterol-fed rats.