• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38B no.2
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• pp.105-114
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• 2013

Expansion and growth of body information monitoring service based on WBAN technology speeds up technological evolution in bio-signal detection and measurement, real time monitoring of vital sign and telemedicine control. It is essential for taking action against such technological evolution that newest technology trend and standardization issue should be included in designing and materializing body-information monitoring system strategically to secure preceding technology and to preoccupy market. This paper investigates and analyzes technological trend & issues, and suggests task to take action technologically.

• Biomedical Engineering Letters
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.365-371
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• 2018

Uninterrupted monitoring of multiple subjects is required for mass causality events, in hospital environment or for sports by medical technicians or physicians. Movement of subjects under monitoring requires such system to be wireless, sometimes demands multiple transmitters and a receiver as a base station and monitored parameter must not be corrupted by any noise before further diagnosis. A Bluetooth Piconet network is visualized, where each subject carries a Bluetooth transmitter module that acquires vital sign continuously and relays to Bluetooth enabled device where, further signal processing is done. In this paper, a wireless network is realized to capture ECG of two subjects performing different activities like cycling, jogging, staircase climbing at 100 Hz frequency using prototyped Bluetooth module. The paper demonstrates removal of baseline drift using Fast Fourier Transform and Inverse Fast Fourier Transform and removal of high frequency noise using moving average and S-Golay algorithm. Experimental results highlight the efficacy of the proposed work to monitor any vital sign parameters of multiple subjects simultaneously. The importance of removing baseline drift before high frequency noise removal is shown using experimental results. It is possible to use Bluetooth Piconet frame work to capture ECG simultaneously for more than two subjects. For the applications where there will be larger body movement, baseline drift removal is a major concern and hence along with wireless transmission issues, baseline drift removal before high frequency noise removal is necessary for further feature extraction.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

Pre schools with state of the art facilities that would provide not just academic excellence but also ensure the safety and provide efficient healthcare to their pupils relative to Atopic Dermatitis with Asthma is the main objective of this research One of the most promising applications of sensor networks is for human healthcare monitoring. Due to recent technological advances in sensor, low power microelectronics and miniaturization, and wireless networking enable the design and proliferation of this wireless sensor networks capable of autonomously monitoring and controlling environments. Thus, this research presents the utilization of such microelectronic sensor and plots the hardware and software architecture of a wireless sensor network system with real-time pupil monitoring that integrates vital sign sensors, location sensor and allergen sensor. This proposed architecture for wearable sensors can be used as active tags which can track pupil's location within the school's premises, identify possible atopic dermatitis with asthma allergens, it would monitor and generate a health status report of the pupil.

• 대한치과마취과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.36-37
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• 2005

1. 술자가 확실히 수련 받을 때 사용하고, 완전히 익숙해진 약제와 술식만을 사용하여야 한다. 2. 치료의 범위와 종류, 정신적인 필요, 의학적인 상태에 따라서, 필요한 환자에게만 제한적으로 사용하여야 한다. 3. 각 환자의 상태를 술전에 충분히 평가하여야 한다. 4. 치료가 시작해서 끝날 때까지 계속해서 Monitoring을 하여야 한다. 5. 적절한 어린이용 응급약물, 장비, 시설을 갖추고 유지 관리하여야 한다. 6. 사용된 약물의 투여시간, 용량, vital sign, 부작용에 관한 문서화된 기록을 남긴다. 7. 수련 받은 인력을 확보하여야 한다, 8. 위험성이 높은 환자응 병원 혹은 병원급의 시설, 장비가 구비된 곳에서 치료한다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.415-424
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• 2012

According to introduction of Well-Being lifestyle and ageing society, vital sign monitoring system which can be continued measurement of vital sign has been increased their important in field of the healthcare. Under this trend, Respiration monitoring system has been studied and developed in a various way to apply continued monitoring and non-conscious monitoring system. But, Study of the respiration monitoring system based on consumer needs and usability test is insufficient. In this study, Textile capacitive pressure sensor(TCPS) of belt type was developed and tested it's utility and subjective sensibility. TCPS measures respiration signals and can be derived in real time monitoring. As a result, monitoring respiration using textile capacitive pressure sensor offers a promising possibility of convenient measurement of respiration rate (correlation (r＝0.9553, p<0.0001). In the result of usability and wearability test, all of categorizes(perceived change, wearability, movement, facility of management, usefulness) were received favorable evaluation on usability test( mean value : 3.8), and suitable location of TCPS in the clothing is deriven on the abdomen part. According to synthetical results, Basic smart clothing design based on respiration monitoring system is proposed.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.123-131
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• 2019

In recent years, a non-contact respiration and heart rates monitoring via IR-UWB radar has been paid much attention to in various applications - patient monitoring, occupancy detection, survivor exploring in disaster area, etc. In this paper, we address a novel approach of real time heart rate estimation using IR-UWB radar. We apply sine fitting and peak detection method for estimating respiration rate and heart rate, respectively. We also deploy two techniques to mitigate the error caused by wrong estimation of respiration rate: a moving average filter and finding the frequency of the highest occurrence. Experimental results show that the algorithm can estimate heart rate in real time when respiration rate is presumed to be estimated accurately.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.444-453
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify critical indicators for the development of efficient patient classification system in a emergency room. Method: This study involved following five steps. Step 1. Selection of the lists direct nursing services in the ER. Step 2. Measurement of the time of direct nursing services from Aug. 31st to Nov. 30th, 2005. Step 3. Classification of the patients according to the nursing care time. Step 4. The determination the critical indicators for different patient classes. Result: Determinate indicators were as follow: 3 items in the first group (vital sign checking, IV route starting, blood sampling), 3 items in the second group (vital sign checking, fluid infusion, blood sampling), 9 items in the third group (I/O checking, $O_{2}$ inhalation, suction, fluid infusion, IV bolus, Central catheter preparation & management, blood sampling, intubation preparation & management, postmortem management), 7 items in the fourth group (EKG monitoring, BP monitoring, $O_{2}$ inhalation, fluid infusion, using the specific drugs, CPR, postmortem management). Conclusion: This study can help future studies which measure nursing services standard time or assigns value to emergency nursing services.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.435-442
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• 2010

Typically, the vital signs that are representing the state of human body, are the body temperature, sphygmus, respiration and blood pressure. The body temperature is the result of metabolic regulation and human steady-state body temperature is maintained from 35.9 to $37.4^{\circ}C$ by heat regulatory center. The body temperature is indicative of infection and especially it should be monitored to requiring intensive care patients or after surgical patients. But, measuring of body temperature to a heavy workload on nursing staff has been recognized. And, the health service of nurse is limited by simple tasks such as the measurement and record of vital sign. In this paper, the body temperature monitoring telemetry system was proposed to prove the recoding and transmission of body temperature patch system according the standard(ISO TS11073-92001). We proposed the transmission protocol to suit the MFER(medical waveform format encoding rules). The telemetry patch system was implemented and it was verified by experiments.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.381-388
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• 1997

In this paper, we present the design and implementation of the interbed network communication protocol, which links patient monitors, central stations, DB servers, and clinical workstations together in a patient monitoring system. We describe the requirements to be met thor real-time patient monitoring, propose 2 services Patient Locator Service(PL:7) and Remote Patient Monitoring Service( RPMS). PLS provides the information about how many patients are currently being monitored and where they are located, while RPMS allows the doctors to monitor their patients'vital sign in real-time. The messages for the services, their formats and exchange scheme are also presented with a whole picture of how they are implemented. We adopted the object-oriented programming paradigm in all the analysis and design processes. In the experiment performed in a real clinical setting, the services turned out to meet all the requirements needed for real-time patient monitoring.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.467-474
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• 2010

Recently, Study of functional clothing for Vital sensing is focused on reducing artifact by human motions, in order to enhance the electrocardiogram(ECG) sensing accuracy. In this study, considering the factors for each element found from the analysis, a 3-lead electrode inside textile embroidered with silver yarn was developed, and draft designs off our types of vital-signal sensing garments, which are 'chest-belt typed' garment, 'cross-typed' garment 'x-typed' garment and 'curved x-typed' garment, were prepared. The draft designs were implemented on a sleeveless male shirt made of an elastic material so that the garment and the electrodes can remain closely attached along the contour of the human body, and the acquired data was sent to the main computer over a wireless network. In order to evaluate the effects caused by body movements and the ECG-sensing capability for each type in static and dynamic states, displacements were measured from one and two dimensional perspectives. ECG measurement evaluation was also performed for Signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) analysis. Applying the experimental results, the draft garment designs were modified and complemented to produce two types of modular approaches 'continuous-attached' and 'insertion-detached' for the ECG-sensing smart clothing.