• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.7
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• pp.64-104
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• 2005

Visual media transmits image and information reproduced in large quantities, such as a photography, film, television, video, advertisement, or computer image. Correspondence to the students' reception and recognition of culture in the future. arrangements for the field of studies of visual culture. 'Visual Culture' implies cultural phenomena of visual images via visual media, which includes not only the categories of traditional arts like a painting, sculpture, print, or design, but the performance arts including a fashion show or parade of carnival, and the mass and electronic media like a photography, film, television, video, advertisement, cartoon, animation, or computer image. In the world of visual media, Image' functions as an essential medium of communication. Therefore, people call the culture of today fra of Image Culture', which has been converted from an alphabet convergence era to an image convergence one. Image, via visual media, has become a dominant means for communication in large part of human life, so we can designate an Image' as a typical aspect of visual culture today. Image, as an essential medium of communication, plays an important role in contemporary society. The one way is the conversion of analogue image like an actual picture, photograph, or film into digital one through the digitalization of digital camera or scanner as 'an analogue/digital commutator'. The other is a way of process with a computer drawing, or modeling of objects. It is appropriate to the production of pictorial and surreal images. Digital images, produced by the other, can be divided into the form of Pixel' and form of Vector'. Vector is a line linking the point of departure to the point of end, which organizes informations. Computer stores each line's standard location and correlative locations to one another Digital image shows for more 'Perfectness' than any other visual media. Digital image has been evolving in the diverse aspects, such as a production of geometrical or organic image compositing, interactive art, multimedia art, or web art, which has been applied a computer as an extended trot of painting. Someone often interprets digitalized copy with endless reproduction of original even as an extension of a print. Visual af is no longer a simple activity of representation by a painter or sculptor, but now is intimately associated with a matter of application of media. There is some problem in images via visual media. First, the image via media doesn't reflect a reality as it is, but reflects an artificial manipulated world, that is, a virtual reality. Second, the introduction of digital effect and the development of image processing technology have enhanced a spectacle of destructive and violent scenes. Third, a child intends to recognize the interactive images of computer game and virtual reality as a reality, or truth. Education needs not only to point out an ill effect of mass media and prevent the younger generation from being damaged by it, but also to offer a knowledge and know-how to cope actively with social, cultural circumstances. Visual media education is one of these essential methods for the contemporary and future human being in the overflowing of image informations. The fosterage of 'Visual Literacy' can be considered as a very purpose of visual media education. This is a way to lead an individual to the discerning, active consumer and producer of visual media in life as far as possible. The elements of 'Visual Literacy' can be divided into a faculty of recognition related to the visual media, a faculty of critical reception, a faculty of appropriate application, a faculty of active work and a faculty of creative modeling, which are promoted at the same time by the education of 'visual literacy'. In conclusion, the education of 'Visual Literacy' guides students to comprehend and discriminate the visual image media carefully, or receive them critically, apply them properly, or produce them creatively and voluntarily. Moreover, it leads to an artistic activity by means of new media. This education can be approached and enhanced by the connection and integration with real life. Visual arts and education of them play an important role in the digital era depended on visual communications via image information. Visual me야a of day functions as an essential element both in daily life and in arts. Students can soundly understand visual phenomena of today by means of visual media, and apply it as an expression tool of life culture as well. A new recognition and valuation visual image and media education is required to cultivate the capability of active, upright dealing with the changes of history of civilization. 1) Visual media education helps to cultivate a sensibility for images, which reacts to and deals with the circumstances. 2) It helps students to comprehend the contemporary arts and culture via new media. 3) It supplies a chance of students' experiencing a visual modeling by means of new media. 4) There are educational opportunities of images with temporality and spaciality, and therefore a discerning person becomes to increase. 5) The modeling activity via new media leads students to be continuously interested in the school and production of plastic arts. 6) It raises the ability of visual communications dealing with image information society. 7) An education of digital image is significant in respect of cultivation of man of talent for the future society of image information as well. To correspond to the changing and developing social, cultural circumstances, and the form and recognition of students' reception of them, visual arts education must arrange the field of studying on a new visual culture. Besides, a program needs to be developed, which is in more systematic and active level in relation to visual media education. Educational contents should be extended to the media for visual images, that is, photography, film, television, video, computer graphic, animation, music video, computer game and multimedia. Every media must be separately approached, because they maintain the modes and peculiarities of their own according to the conveyance form of message. The concrete and systematic method of teaching and the quality of education must be researched and developed, centering around the development of a course of study. Teacher's foundational capability of teaching should be cultivated for the visual media education. In this case, it must be paid attention to the fact that a technological level of media is considered as a secondary. Because school education doesn't intend to train expert and skillful producers, but intends to lay stress on the essential aesthetic one with visual media under the social and cultural context, in respect of a consumer including a man of culture.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.47
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• pp.1-29
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• 2017

360-degree virtual reality has been a technology that has been available for a long time and has been actively promoted worldwide in recent years due to development of devices such as HMD (Head Mounted Display) and development of hardware for controlling and executing images of virtual reality. The production of the 360 degree VR requires a different mode of production than the traditional video production, and the matters to be considered for the user have begun to appear. Since the virtual reality image is aimed at a platform that requires enthusiasm, presence and interaction, it is necessary to have a suitable cinematography. In VR, users can freely enjoy the world created by the director and have the advantage of being able to concentrate on his interests during playing the image. However, the director had to develope and install the device what the observer could concentrate on the narrative progression and images to be delivered. Among the various methods of transmitting images, the director can use the composition of the short. In this paper, we will study how to effectively apply the technique of directing through the composition of this shot to 360 degrees virtual reality. Currently, there are no killer contents that are still dominant in the world, including inside and outside the country. In this situation, the potential of virtual reality is recognized and various images are produced. So the way of production follows the traditional image production method, and the shot composition is the same. However, in the 360 degree virtual reality, the use of the long take or blocking technique of the conventional third person view point is used as the main production configuration, and the limit of the short configuration is felt. In addition, while the viewer can interactively view the 360-degree screen using the HMD tracking, the configuration of the shot and the connection of the shot are absolutely dependent on the director like the existing cinematography. In this study, I tried to study whether the viewer can freely change the cinematography such as the composition of the shot at a user's desired time using the feature of interaction of the VR image. To do this, 3D animation was created using a game tool called Unreal Engine to construct an interactive image. Using visual scripting of Unreal Engine called blueprint, we create a device that distinguishes the true and false condition of a condition with a trigger node, which makes a variety of shorts. Through this, various direction techniques are developed and related research is expected, and it is expected to help the development of 360 degree VR image.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.39-52
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• 2014

Use of vision and audition for video reality has made much advancement. However use of olfaction, which is effective in inducing emotion, has not yet been realized due to technical limitations and lack of basic research. In particular it is difficult to fabricate many odors required for each different video. One way to resolve this is to discover clusters of odors of similar smell and to use representative odor for each cluster. This research explored clusters of odors based on pairwise similarity ratings. 300 diverse odors were first collected and sorted them into 11 categories. We selected 152 odors based on their frequency, preference, and concreteness. Participants rated similarity on 1,018 pairs of odors from selected odors and the results were analyzed using multi-dimensional scaling (MDS). Based on the idea that low odor concreteness would support valid use of representative odor, the MDS results are presented from low to high smell concreteness. First, flowers, plants, fruits, and vegetables was classified under the easy categories to use representative odor due to their low smell concreteness (Figure 1). Second, chemicals, personal cares, physiological odors, and ordinary places was classified under the careful categories of using it due to their intermediate concreteness (Figure 2). Finally, food ingredients, beverages, and foods was classified under the difficult categories to use it because of their high concreteness (Figure 3). The results of this research will contribute to reduction of cost and time in odor production and provision of realistic media service to customers at reasonable price.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.283-288
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• 2012

3D is the one of the current world in the spotlight as part of the future earnings of the business sector. Existing flat 2D and stereoscopic 3D to change the 3D shape and texture make walking along the dimension of the real world and the virtual reality world by making it feel contemporary reality of coexistence good show. 3D for the interest of the people has been spreading throughout the movie which is based on a 3D Avata. 3D TV market of the current conglomerate of changes in the market pioneer in the 3D market, further leap into the era of the upgrade was. At the same time, however, the modern man of the world, if becoming a necessity in the smartphone craze new innovation in the IT market mobile phone market and also has made. A small computer called a smartphone enough, the ripple velocity and the aftermath of the innovation of the telephone, the Internet as much as to leave many issues. Smartphone smart phone is a mobile phone that can be several functions. The current iPhone, Android. In addition to a large number of Windows Phone smartphones are released. Above the overall prospects of the future and a business service model for 3D facial expression as input avatar virtual 3D character on camera on your smartphone camera to recognize a user's emotional expressions on the face of the person is able to synthetic synthesized avatars in real-time to other mobile phone users matching, transmission, and be able to communicate in real-time sensibility fused video communication services to the development of applications.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.397-406
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• 2015

Terrestrial broadcasters are devoting great efforts in order to increase sense of reality that would help viewers feel as if they were watching events on site by producing-depth, differentiated news and offering a variety of information to them. They maximize news video graphic effects by replacing news set and install large display units, rail camera, and Jimmy Jib camera. This study aims to grasp whether there is any difference among the main evening news of the three major terrestrial broadcasters. KBS, MBC, and SBS used 18%, 15%, and 12% of graphic usage hours respectively while the number of graphic usage cases amounted to 267, 329, and 276 for each of them. The number of cases where in-depth news report hours exceeded three minutes that require increasingly more virtual reality graphic technology production was 16 for KBS, 7 for MBC, and 5 for SBS. MBC showed the highest number of uses in graphics while KBS showed more graphic use hours than the other two. There have been a number of preceding studies on news contents, but it is significant that this study looked at how much graphics technologies are used in such news video contents.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.79-88
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• 2021

COVID-19 is putting the entire performance industry in a dire situation. One of the approaches to overcome this crisis is contactless performance business using video media. But, these contactless performance videos are now found to have their own issues. First, with the increasing demands for these videos, the need for higher-quality video products is also increasing. However, there are many organizations that cannot afford such an investment. Second, it is not possible to have the same unique experience of a live performance with the videos. 360-degree VR performance videos are now gaining attention as an alternative to cope with this issue. As such, the researcher reviewed the production of 360 VR performance videos in general based on the cases of the play and a children's story concert As a result, the researcher could confirm the three benefits of simulated 'live experience through a sense of reality', 'convenience of filming' and 'continuity of acting'. Also, the issues related to this approach including 'Lack of professional filming companies', 'Expensive viewing equipment', 'Absence of Platform' and 'Limitations of Camera Technology', among others have been identified, etc. Based on these findings, the researcher could propose strategies for improvement in order to utilize 360-degree VR performance videos.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.518-527
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• 2020

360 VR technology is used not only in movies, but also in performing arts such as music, theater, dance, and so on due to the characteristics of immersion and presence. The technology allows the audience can be perceived a feel of participation in a story. This study is conducted an analysis of the techniques of 360 video shooting in order to find the answers of the following questionaries: how to make viewers enhance to a better understanding of a space, how to make the viewer feel comfortable ceding control of the experience, how to generate greater empathy with a 360 video. Thirty cases were analysed 360-degree videos of live performances performed on stage among 360-degree images of music performance content shared on Youtube from 2015 to 2020. The result shows that live performances are performed with the audience, so the stage shape and the layout of the audience seats are preferred to the characteristics of the performance. It was also shown that directing using a 360 VR camera was also greatly affected by the stage and audience placement. The stage is manly classified into three types, and the camera layout and characteristics mainly used are organized according to the number of 360 VR cameras, whether fixed or mobile cameras are used.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.567-576
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• 2017

Foods are cultural texts. Recipes, cultural peculiarities, and relationships between people. Foods can expand into narratives. This study will compare and analyze the characteristics of the Korean - Japanese visual texts, and . The aim of this study is to examine the between-space and gender, and to examine the universality and specificity of the text of Korean - Japanese image culture. If the movie reproduces the world of reality fictionally from the viewpoint of the between-space, it can be seen that the artistic has differentiation by realistically reproducing the fictional world, but universally creates the hyper reality. Second, in the dimension of gender, both images suggest universality in which the dissolution of sex role becomes paradoxical product. However, has differentiation from the fact that it presents the aspect of gender equality more specifically.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.369-376
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• 2017

In a digital multimedia environment with various experiences and communication, We live in an age where it is possible to experience from imagination to reality realizable by imagination. The remarkable technology based on ICT has been attracting attention as next generation video service technology from 3DTV, UHD TV, and hologram. These media, combined with space design, are able to offer us amazing and diverse experiences. In addition, now, there is a demand for more differentiated contents using human five senses recognition technology. We analyzed the application of realistic contents to space design. As a result, we have come to the conclusion that creative production which can express more fun and convenient will be an important issue.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.831-838
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• 2011

Computer vision research area, a division of computer graphics application area that creates realistic visualization in computer, conducts vigorously researches on developing realistic 3D model or virtual environment. As the popularization and development of 3D display makes common users easy to experience a solid 3D virtual reality, the demand for virtual reality contents are increasing. This paper proposes 3D panorama system using depth point location-based depth map generation method. 3D panorama using depth map gives an effect that makes users feel staying at real place and looking around nearby circumstances. Also, 3D panorama gives free sight point for both nearby object and remote one and provides solid 3D video.