• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.291-301
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• 2017

This study was carried out to investigate distribution on the alien plants in the Gyeong-in Ara Waterway. The alien plants were a total of 82 taxa: 17 families, 63 genera, 80 species, and 2 varieties. This number corresponds to 25.5% of alien plants identified in Korea. The proportion of alien plants in every year was increased from upstream to downstream. As the result of the analysis on vegetation stratification, bank of waterside was covered with artificial materials preventing existence of vegetation, and had step-type cross section. Floodplain was composed of waterfront area. An array of vegetation was not typical dispersion, and terrestrial and alien plants were dominated the Gyeong-in Ara Waterway. Evaluation of naturalness based on the vegetation stratification showed grade 3 or 4. In order to solve a problem, method and level of restoration should be decided based on the result of diagnostic assessment. Therefore, we need to restore the step-type cross section as pool type one. From waterside to bank in this waterway, we recommend to introduce natural plants by imitating reference species composition. Since, an invasion of alien plants is expected to be accelerated due to the continuous artificial disturbance, we recommend to quantitative investigation on the invasion of alien plants and monitoring on the change of distribution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.107-115
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• 2017

This study illustrated the process of bar structure and vegetation coverage to understand historical changes of riverbed and suppose adaptive management in Tan-chun ecological landscape reserve. The study site that lower reach of the Tan-chun are known as habitats of migratory bird and aquatic species with dynamic riverbed. Aerial photos from 2006 to 2016 and surveyed vegetation data in 2006 and 2016 were used by analysis of landscape changes and comparison of vegetation coverage. Study area is classified into 3 sites (A: straight site, B: meandering site, C: meandering and junction with Yangjae-cheon). The result showed that bar area of A and C sites gradually increased, B site decreased during 10 years. Also, ratio of bar area to vegetation coverage and level of vegetation coverage increased in all sites during 10 years. All sites seem to have experienced the terrestrialization with time. On the other hand, ratio of annual vegetation increased and ratio of perennial vegetation decreased in C site in 2016 compare to 2006. Because area of Japanese Hops (Humulus japonicas) as one type of annual vegetation increased, other vegetation could not grow up by its powerful expandability. It is time to make active adaptive management based on not only continuos monitoring but also revaluation of river conditions in order to enhance habitat quality and quantity in Tan-chun ecological landscape reserve.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.5_3
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• pp.887-899
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• 2022

Drought caused by meteorological factors negatively affects vegetation in terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, the state in which meteorological drought affects vegetation was defined as the ecological drought of vegetation, and the ecological drought condition index of vegetation (EDCI-veg) was proposed to quantitatively monitor the degree of impact. EDCI-veg is derived from a copula-based bi-variate joint probability model between vegetation and meteorological drought information, and can be expressed numerically how affected the current vegetation condition was by the drought when the drought occurred. Comparing past meteorological drought events with their corresponding vegetation condition, the proposed index was examined, and it was confirmed that EDCI-veg could properly monitor the ecological drought of vegetation. In addition, it was possible to spatially identify ecological drought conditions by creating a high-resolution drought map using remote sensing data.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.211-216
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• 2004

The complex ecological researches were made in the broad-leaved forest zone of Central Europe in nature reserves and national parks located on the banks of the river (hydrology, vegetation, soils, unconfined ground waters). The natural conditions of terrestrial ecosystems and natural sites were compared along the course of the rivers. The significant negative influence of low-dammed (low-confined hydrotechnic) construction and small reservoirs on vegetation and soils of floodplain was revealed. On the basis of analysis of mean annual water level and flow trends on the multi-years series (60-100 years) of the hydrometric stations on the rivers under consideration the significant influence of natural long-term variability of watering on vegetation dynamics in the floodplains was revealed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.605-612
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• 1997

This study is to evaluate the overall NPP(Net Primary Productions distribution in the Korean Peninsula from the satellite data(NOAA/AVHRR). This has been done using the linear relationship between the natural vegetation condition and the NPP. The NPP of natural vegetation increases proportional to the annual net radiation(Rn), where radiative dorless Index(RDI) is a proportional constant connecting Rn to NPP. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) Is used for monitoring vegetation change, and INDVI (Integrated NDVI) for annual analysis. The INDVI has a close relation to .Rn and NPP. which can be used effectively for estimating NPP distribution of where the meteorological data Is unavailable such as North Korea. The NPP distribution of the Korean Peninsula was estimated based on the model.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.101-104
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• 2009

기후 시스템에서 지구온난화는 세계적으로 매우 중요한 문제이고 이는 기후변화, 이상기온, 폭우, 가뭄 등의 문제를 초래한다. 특히 사막화는 전 세계적으로 10억 명 이상의 사람들에게 영향을 미치고 있다. 건조한 상태의 식생은 사막화되기 쉽기 때문에 식생의 수분상태는 사막화의 중요한 지표이다. 본 논문에서는 중국과 몽골 사막 주변영역에 대해 식생의 수분상태를 탐지하였다. 식생의 수분상태를 탐지하기 위해 1999년부터 2006년까지의 SPOT/VEGETATION 위성 이미지를 이용하여 정규화 수분지수(NDWI: Normalized Difference Water Index)를 산출하였다. 그 결과 1999년부터 2006년까지의 NDWI는 사막주변영역에서 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 그 영역은 몽골 고비사막 북동지역과 중국 타클라마칸 사막의 남동지역에 위치해 있었다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.475-488
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• 2018

Surveying urban tributary vegetation is based mainly on field sampling at present. The tributary vegetation survey integrating UAV NIR(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Near Infrared Radiance) imagery and in-situ point photo has received only limited attentions from the field ecologist. The reason for this could be the largely undemonstrated applicability of UAV NIR imagery by the field ecologist as a monitoring tool for urban tributary vegetation. The principal advantage of UAV NIR imagery as a remote sensor is to provide, in a cost-effective manner, information required for a very narrow swath target such as urban tributary (10m width or so), utilizing very low altitude flight, real-time geo-referencing and stereo imaging. An exhaustive and realistic comparison of the two techniques was conducted, based on operational customer requirement of urban tributary vegetation survey: synoptic information, ground detail and quantitative data collection. UAV NIR imagery made it possible to identify area-wide patterns of the major plant communities subject to many different influences (e.g. artificial land use pattern), which cannot be acquired by traditional field sampling. Although field survey has already gained worldwide recognition by plant ecologists as a typical method of urban tributary vegetation monitoring, this approach did not provide a level of information that is either scientifically reliable or economically feasible in terms of urban tributary vegetation (e.g. remedial field works). It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference for area-wide information obtained by UAV NIR imagery in urban tributary vegetation survey.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.153-167
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• 2009

Riparian vegetation gives basic habitats for animal and other biological organisms. It is one of essential landscapes in river ecosystem. This floral study was conducted to give basic information for management of the Geum river ecosystem. We discovered total 69 plant communities out of 40 sites studied and mean 8 plant communities were analysed per study site. Salix koreensis and Salix subfragilis community were dominant of all communities at tree layer and Salix gracilistyla and Rubus parvifolius were dominant communities at shrub layer. Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites japonica, Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Artemisia princeps var. orientalis appeared most as perennial grasses and Humulus japonicus, Persicaria thunbergii and Persicaria hydropiper appeared most as annual grasses. Robinia pseudoacacia, Amorpha fruticosa and Bidens frondosa were frequently present as exotic species. Grass communities were higher than tree communities because of human disturbance by artificial banks. The number of species was 182 appeared as 53 families 144 species, 34 varieties and 4 forma and mean species number was 25.5 per site. The most abundant site was Yanggang bridge site (14 vegetation association, 49 species) and the least abundant site was Namdaechon, Muju site (3 vegetation association, 12 species). We suggest that continuous riparian vegetation monitoring should be carried out to manage water environment ecologically.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.149-155
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• 2011

A fast-changing agriculture environment induced by global warming and abnormal climate conditions demands scientific systems for monitoring and predicting crop conditions as well as crop yields at national level. Remote sensing opens up a new application field for precision agriculture with the help of commercial use of high resolution optical as well as radar satellite data. In this study, we investigated the multi-temporal spectral characteristics relative to different agricultural land use types in Korea using RapidEye satellite imagery. There were explicit differences between vegetation and non-vegetation land use types. Also, within the vegetation group spectral vegetation indices represented differences in temporal changing trends as to plant species and paddy types.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.409-421
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• 2017

Recently Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology offers new opportunities for assessing crop growth condition using UAV imagery. The objective of this study was to select optimal vegetation indices and regression model for estimating of rice growth using UAV images. This study was conducted using a fixed-wing UAV (Model : Ebee) with Cannon S110 and Cannon IXUS camera during farming season in 2016 on the experiment field of National Institute of Crop Science. Before heading stage of rice, there were strong relationships between rice growth parameters (plant height, dry weight and LAI (Leaf Area Index)) and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) using natural exponential function ($R{\geq}0.97$). After heading stage, there were strong relationships between rice dry weight and NDVI, gNDVI (green NDVI), RVI (Ratio Vegetation Index), CI-G (Chlorophyll Index-Green) using quadratic function ($R{\leq}-0.98$). There were no apparent relationships between rice growth parameters and vegetation indices using only Red-Green-Blue band images.