• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.120-125
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• 2015

도시화의 가속화와 더불어 도심의 교통량의 증가로 도로소음피해를 최소화하기 위하여 방음벽의 설치 수요가 증가하고 있다. 설치되고 있는 여러 형태의 방음벽 중, 반사형 방음패널의 경우 불투명 방음패널과 달리 시야를 가리지 않으므로 방음시설을 요구하는 거주자들에게 인기를 얻고 있다. 하지만 반사형 방음패널의 경우, 반사음에 의한 2차 피해를 유발시켜 피해를 줄일 수 있는 방음벽 개발의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 반사형 방음패널의 전면형상 및 기하학적 형태를 변화시켜 반사음의 전달을 최소화 시킬 수 있는 형상을 연구하였다. 일반형 반사형 방음패널과 형상별 방음패널의 반사소음 저감 효과를 비교 한 결과, 곡선형 방음패널이 1.5 dB의 소음저감 효과가 있었다. 또한, 반사음의 증가 또는 감소는 형상별 설계인자에 따라 변화하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 방음벽 전면 현상에 따른 반사소음의 저감 기술의 가능성을 보여주는 결과라고 판단된다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2006

Essential metals have been known to interact with non-essential toxic metals in the aspects of absorption, transport and deposition in the body. Iron deficiency has been reported to increase lead and/or cadmium absorption. The relation between iron and lead has been understood well in children but not in adults. Two hundred seventy adults (118 males and 152 females) were recruited from 3 different residental areas (rural, coastal and urban) to investigate the effects of environmental lead exposure on body iron status. The subjects were interviewed for life-style and diet of the last 24 hours, and measured for blood lead and body iron. The lead concentration in the whole blood was determined by a flameless method using an atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The body iron was evaluated with values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBCs, serum total iron, unsaturated iron binding capacity, total iron binding capacity and ferritin. The mean concentration of blood lead in adult was $3.31{\mu}g/dL$. The concentration was higher in male ($3.97{\mu}g/dL$) than in female ($2.86{\mu}g/dL$). The blood lead was influenced by residental area, life-style, smoking and drinking, occupation and diet habit of subjects, but not by age. A positive correlation was observed between the blood lead level and the serum iron or ferritin. These results suggest that environmental lead exposure in Korean adult may not be higher than other developed and developing countries. It is further indicated that blood lead in adult could be influenced by life-style, and environmental and genetic factors but no inverse relation with body iron as shown in children.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2010

도심부의 도로네트워크에서는 도로구간의 주행시간에 비하여 교차로에서의 신호운영 및 방향별 회전으로 인하여 발생하는 통행시간이 차량주행시간에 더 큰 영향을 끼친다고 판단하는 바 이를 고려한 경로탐색이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 신호교차로에서의 비효용을 적용하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단하여 본 연구에서는 경로 탐색시 턴 페널티(Turn Penalty)를 반영하고자 하였다. 적용한 턴 페널티는 하나의 교차로에서 동일한 지체값을 적용하는 것이 아닌 교차로에서의 접근로별로, 또 동일 접근로 내에서도 회전 방향별로 나누어서 지체를 산정하여 적용하였다. 해당 연구에서 적용한 네트워크는 강남구 16개의 교차로를 포함하는 네트워크이며 미시시뮬레이션 프로그램인 PARAMICS V5.2을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석 네트워크를 통행시간지표, 임의의 턴 페널티를 적용, 산정된 턴 페널티를 적용한 Dijkstra알고리즘의 세 가지 방법으로 경로탐색을 시행하여 이를 비교·분석하였다. 분석 결과 다수의 교차로가 분포한 도심부 네트워크에서의 경로탐색에서는 통행시간지표를 활용한 경로탐색이 바람직하며 턴 페널티를 적용한 통행시간지표 Dijkstra알고리즘을 이용한 경로탐색기법이 타 기법에 비하여 경로통행시간을 단축하는 것으로 산출되었다. 해당 기법의 활용으로 인하여 경로탐색제공에서의 하나의 대안 경로로써 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.182-187
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• 2010

In the various fields of Civil Engineering, shear modulus is very important input parameters to design many constructions and to analyze ground behaviors. In general, a shear wave velocity profile is decided by various experiments before constructing a structure and, analysis and design are carried out by using decided shear wave velocity profile of the site. However, if civil structures are started to construct, the shear wave velocity will be increased more than before constructions because of confining pressure increase by the load of structure. The evaluation of the change in shear wave velocity profile is used very importantly when maintaining, managing, reinforcing and regenerating existing structures. In this study, a non-destructively geotechnical investigation method by using the HWAW method is applied to an evaluation of change in properties of the site according to construction. Generally, the space for experiments is narrow when underground of existing or on-going structures is evaluate, so a prompt non-destructive experiment is required. This prompt non-destructive experiment would be performed by various in-situ seismic methods. However, most of in-situ seismic methods need more space for experiments, so it is difficult to be applied. The HWAW method using the Harmonic wavelet transforms, which is based on time-frequency analysis, determines shear wave velocity profile. It consists of a source as well as short receiver spacing that is 1~3m, and is able to determine a shear wave velocity profile from surface to deep depth by one test on a space. As the HWAW method uses only the signal portion of the maximum local signal/noise ratio to determine a profile, it provides reliability shear modulus profile such as under construction or noisy situation by minimizing effects of noise from diverse vibration on a construction site or urban area. To estimate the applicability of the proposed method, field tests were performed in the change of geotechnical properties according to constructing a minimized modeling bent. Through this study, the change of geotechnical properties of the site was effectively evaluated according to construction of a structure.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2008

The Status of oral health and dental prosthetic treatment in Daegu and Gyoung Buk area was examined. To investigate the correlation between factors such as demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and status of oral health and knowledge about oral preventive measures, a survey was performed. After analyzing the effects of knowledge levels about dental prosthetic treatment on the oral health status and preventive measures, following results were obtained. A Total of 625 people participated in the survey for three months from October 2007 to January 2008. The responses from the survey were then analyzed to assess whether those with less knowledge of preventive measures tended to have more dental prosthetic work. Of those that took part in the survey: ${\cdot}$ 30.2% were in their twenties ${\cdot}$ 56.2% were married ${\cdot}$ 51.4% of respondents had at least a college degree ${\cdot}$ 42.4% had monthly incomes below one million Won ${\cdot}$ 24.3% were students ${\cdot}$ 55.8% were from urban areas After studying the relationship between oral health and various demographics, researchers concluded that respondents' sex, income, job and place of residence had no effect on the overall status of their oral health. However, those that were divorcees or widows (1.95${_+}/{_-}$ 0.32), over the age of 70 (1.67${_+}/{_-}$0.31), or had little education (0.82${_+}/{_-}$0.28), all demonstrated a statistically significant effect on their oral health with a significance level of 0.05.Cross analysis revealed a p-value of 0.000. The correlation between knowledge of oral preventive measures and other factors was examined. No difference was found between men and women but people who were divorced or lost their spouse, people over the age of 60, and people with no education, the results of knowledge of oral preventive measure was poor as 1.74$\pm$0.44, 1.85$\pm$0.40, 1.85$\pm$0.44,and 1.60$\pm$0.47 separately. Cross analysis showed that p-value was 0.000 and correlation between knowledge of oral preventive measures and those factors were statistically significant at significance level of 0.05. The status of dental prosthetic treatment was investigated. Women, people with higher income, and married people had more dental prosthetic treatment and it was related to education, income, residential area, and the status of dental prosthetic treatment. The returns of those factors was 32.7%. Respondents$^{\circ}{\emptyset}$ oral hygiene status and knowledge of oral preventive measures was related to demographic or socioeconomic factors. Therefore, a preventive program for oral health care needs to be developed in advanced countries. Knowledge of oral health is below the international average and more research and effort needs to be put in to develop public knowledge of dental prosthetic treatment. Government intervention such as enacting an oral health initiative or dental insurance that covers prosthetic treatments is urgently needed.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.237-247
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• 2001

1980년대 말 시점과 1990년대 말 시점을 비교구간으로 설정하여 서울 한남동지역에 대한 대기중 수은의 농도분포변화양상을 비교해 보았다. 긴 시간 동안 발생원과 소멸원이 지닌 관계의 변화와 같은 영향에 의해, 양 기간대의 농도분포는 절대적 및 상대적 관점에서 모두 뚜렷한 차이를 보여 주었다. 80년대말 시점의 농도가 14.4${\pm}$9.56 ngm$^{-3}$인데 반해, 90년대 말 시점에는 이보다 1/3 가까이 감소한 5.34${\pm}$3.92ngm$^{-3}$를 유지하였다. 두 기간대에 관측된 농도 및 주변환경변수를 여러 가지 주기별로 수은의 농도분포양상을 비교해 보았다. 24시간 주기 또는 계절별로도 양기간대의 농도분포는 뚜렷한 차이를 보여 주었다. 과거 시점에는 낮 시간대에 고농도가 발생하는 현상이 빈번한데 반해, 현 시점에서는 이러한 양상을 확인하기가 어려웠다. 또한 계절적으로 겨울철에 고농도가 집중되는 현상은 과거나 현재나 유사하지만, 과거의 경우 겨울철 고농도가 여타 계절에 비해 확연했던데 반해, 최근의 분석결과는 계절간 차이가 상당 수준 줄어 들었다는 것을 보여 주었다. 이들 자료를 이용하여, 여러 가지 통계분석을 실시한 결과, 양 기간대에 현저하게 차이가 나는 농도분포는 주로 각 기간대별로 수은의 농도를 조절하는 주생성원의 성격이 현저하게 다른 데 따른 가능성이 강할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.182-197
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• 2013

본 연구는 한류의 경제적 영향력과 한국경제상품의 문화적 영향력과의 관계를 시론적으로 분석한 것이다. 이를 위하여 드라마나 K-Pop과 같은 기존의 문화컨텐츠 중심의 한류를 '문화한류'로 정의하고, 이에 상대되는 개념으로 외국 시장에서 점유율 수위를 차지하고 있는 경제상품들을 '경제한류'로 정의하였다. 이러한 정의를 바탕으로 태국의 문화한류 및 경제한류의 상호영향력을 분석하기 위하여, 먼저 태국에서의 문화한류의 전개와 현황, 경제한류의 진출과정과 현황을 살펴보았다. 그런 다음 태국의 문화한류 및 경제한류를 거시적으로 조명할 수 있는 총계자료들을 사용하여 두 한류의 관계, 특히 인과적 관계를 중심으로 분석하였다. 이러한 거시적 분석에 더하여 2013년 방콕에서 실시한 초점집단조사(Fucused Group Discussion, FGD) 자료를 바탕으로 미시적 수준에서 한류의 경제적 영향력과 한류에 미치는 한국상품들의 영향력에 관한 태국시민들의 의식을 조사하였다. 분석결과, 태국에서는 한국기업의 인지도나 성공이 한국 드라마와 K-Pop의 확산에 기여했다기보다는, 오히려 한류의 성공이 태국에 한국기업이 더 많이 진출하고 화장품과 같은 특정 산업분야가 급성장할 수 있는 요인이 된 것으로 나타났다. 향후 한류와 관련하여 경제와 문화의 영향력이 어떻게 서로 시너지효과를 내며 상호작용하는지에 대한 구체적인 연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.319-329
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was performed to determine the levels of quality of life (QOL) according to the grade of long-term care service for the elderly people who were admitted from long-term care insurance, and to reveal its association with the physical and mental functioning such as the Activity of Daily Living (ADL), the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Mini-Mental State Examination-Korean version (MMSE-K). Methods: The interviews were performed during the period from March 1 to May 31, 2009, for 958 elderly people in urban and rural areas. The questionnaire items included various indices such as the ADL, IADL, CES-D, and MMSE-K, as independent variables and the index of QOL, as the dependent ones. For statistical analysis, t-tests were used for the mean scores of QOL according to gender and the grade of long-term care services, and Spearman's correlation was used for each variable. The effects of physical and mental functioning for QOL were assessed by covariance structure analysis. The statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The mean scores of QOL among all the subjects was $55.4{\pm}15.62$ (Grade I: $49.7{\pm}14.17$, Grade II: $56.8{\pm}14.62$, Grade III: $59.4{\pm}16.36$), and it was lower according to the higher grade of long-term care insurance. In terms of the correlation matrix of the QOL and the physical and mental function factors, the QOL showed positive correlation with the ADL, IADL and MMSE-K, while it had negative correlation with depression. On the analysis of covariance, mental functioning (depression and the MMSE-K) had a greater influence on the level of QOL than the physical functioning (ADL and IADL). Conclusions: The level of the QOL in the elderly people who were admitted from long-term care insurance was lower according to higher the grade of long-term care insurance. Also, the mental functioning (depression and MMSE-K) was more influential on the level of the QOL than the physical functioning (ADL and IADL).

• 생태와환경
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.503-510
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• 2007

The purposes of the study were to analyze the seasonal effects on the fish fauna and compositions including trophic guilds and tolerance guilds. For the study, we collected fish samples twice in June as premonsoon period and early September 2007 as monsoon periods in five sampling sites of the Gap Stream, and then biological oxygen demand (BOD), nutrients (TN, TP) and suspended solids (SS) were compared with the guild data along the gradient of upstream-to-downstream. Chemical water quality, based on BOD, TP, and TN degraded gradually from the upstream to downstream reach and there were about 3 fold difference between S1 and S5. Water quality was worse in the premonsoon than the monsoon, and the heavy monsoon resulted in a dilution of the polluted river by rain water, especially, in the downstream reach. Total number of fish species, based on the catch per unit effort (CPUE), showed a distinct difference between the two seasons; 30 species were sampled in premonsoon, but 23 species were sampled in the monsoon, indicating a seasonal difference in the fish fauna. Tolerant species dominated the fish community (48.3%) in the stream, and the proportions prior to physical disturbance by the monsoon rain were evidently greater in the downstream reach than the upstream. This reflected the characteristics of urban stream polluted by nutrient enrichment as shown in the BOD and TP values. Sensitive species in the premonsoon decreased from the gradient of upstream-to-downstream reach. Such seasonal modifications in the trophic and tolerance guilds were evident. In the analysis of trophic guild and habitat guild, during the premonsoon the proportion of insectivore and riffle-benthic species were largely greater in the upstream reach than the downstream, whereas the proportions were opposite along the gradient of the stream in monsoon. Thus, the patterns of chemical water quality along the longitudinal gradients reflected the premonsoon conditions of insectivores and tolerant species, indicating that summer monsoon data of fish may not match with water quality due to large physical disturbance by flow regime. Seasonal monsoon in this region as well as the chemical pollution may act as a key role influencing the fish compositions of trophic and tolerance guilds and fauna. The data collected during the premonsoon rather than the monsoon, thus, may be better predictor for a diagnosis of stream health conditions.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.489-500
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 택시운전근로자의 감정노동, 우울, 자기효능감에 따른 건강증진행위 영향 요인을 파악하기 위한 목적으로 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상자는 G 광역시 택시운전근로자 102명이며, 자료 조사는 구조화된 설문지를 이용한 자가보고식으로 이루어졌다. 연구결과에 따르면, 택시운전근로자의 감정노동은 평균 3.22점, 우울은 평균 0.33점, 자기효능감은 평균 2.77점, 건강증진행위 수준은 평균 2.74점으로 나타났다. 건강증진행위와 관련 변인들 간의 관계를 살펴보면 감정노동과 우울, 자기효능감과 건강증진행위는 양의 상관관계, 감정노동과 자기효능감, 감정노동과 건강증진행위, 우울과 자기효능감, 우울과 건강증진행위는 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 자기효능감, 감정노동, 배우자 유무는 건강증진행위를 57.0% 설명하고 있다. 본 연구결과 택시운전근로자의 자기효능감이 건강증진행위 영향요인으로 파악된바 택시운전근로자의 자기효능감을 증대시키기 위한 간호 중재 전략과 감정노동을 감소시키고 건강증진행위를 향상시키기 위한 간호중재 방안을 강구해야 할 것이다.