• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.296-305
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to measure and compare the balance of motion between the left and right using a wearable sensor during upper limb exercise using an exercise equipment. Eight participants were asked to perform upper limb exercise using exercise equipment, and exercise data were measured through IMU sensors attached to both wrists. As a result of the PCA test, Euler Yaw(Left: 0.65, Right: 0.75), Roll(Left: 0.72, Right: 0.58), and Gyro X(Left: 0.64, Right: 0.63) were identified as the main components in the Butterfly exercise, and Euler Pitch(Left: 0.70, Right 0.70) and Gyro Z(Left: 0.70, Right: 0.71) were identified as the main components in the Lat pull down exercise. As a result of the Paired-T test of the Euler value, Yaw's Peak to Peak at Butterfly exercise and Roll's Mean, Yaw's Mean and Period at Lat pull down exercise were smaller than the significance level of 0.05, proving meaningful difference was found. In the Symmetry Index and Symmetry Ratio analysis, 89% of the subjects showed a tendency of dominant limb maintaining relatively higher angular movement performance then non-dominant limb as the Butterfly exercise proceeds. 62.5% of the subjects showed the same tendency during the Lat pull down exercise. These experimental results indicate that meaningful difference at balance of motion was found according to an increase in number of exercise trials.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.47-48
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• 2009

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.927-932
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• 2010

Estimation methods of motion intention from bio-signal present challenges in man machine interaction(MMI) to offer user's command to machine without control of any devices. Measurements of meaningful bio-signals that contain the motion intention and motion estimation methods from bio-signal are important issues for accurate and safe interaction. This paper proposes a novel motion estimation sensor based on a geometrical muscle changes, and a motion estimation method using the sensor. For estimation of the motion, we measure the circumference change of the muscle which is proportional to muscle activation level using a flexible piezoelectric cable (pMAS, piezo muscle activation sensor), designed in band type. The pMAS measures variations of the cable band that originate from circumference changes of muscle bundles. Moreover, we estimate the elbow motion by applying the sensor to upper limb with least square method. The proposed sensor and prediction method are simple to use so that they can be used to motion prediction device and methods in rehabilitation and sports fields.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.318-325
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• 2019

NREX, an upper limb exoskeleton robot, was developed at the National Rehabilitation Center to assist in the upper limb movements of subjects with weak muscular strength and control ability of the upper limbs, such as those with hemiplegia. For the free movement of the shoulder of the existing NREX, three passive joints were added, which improved its wearability. For the flexion/extension movement and internal/external rotation movement of the shoulder of the robot, the ball lock pin is used to fix or rotate the passive joint. The force and torque between a human and a robot were measured and analyzed in a reaching movement for four targets using a six-axis force/torque sensor for 20 able-bodied subjects. The addition of two passive joints to allow the user to rotate the shoulder can confirm that the average force of the upper limb must be 31.6% less and the torque must be 48.9% less to perform the movement related to the axis of rotation.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2014

본 연구는 패턴화된 감각 증진(Patterned Sensory Enhancement, PSE) 기법이 뇌졸중 환자의 상지 기능에 미치는 즉각적인 효과를 알아보기 위해 PSE와 단순 리듬 자극 간의 차이를 비교분석 하였다. 연구 대상은 서울시와 수원시 소재의 재활병원에서 입원 치료 중인 뇌졸중 편마비 환자 16명이며 실험군과 대조군으로 각각 8명씩 배치하였다. 본 연구의 종속변인은 뇌졸중 환자의 환측 상지 기능으로 6가지 동작의 관절가동범위(ROM, range of motion)와 장악력이며 실험군에게는 PSE를, 대조군에게는 메트로놈으로 제공되는 단순 리듬 자극을 제공하였다. 실험은 음악 자극이 없을 때와 있을 때의 같은 상지 기능을 측정하는 순서로 진행되었으며 측정한 값의 경향을 정확하게 파악하기 위해 동일한 실험을 총 2회 실시하여 평균값을 도출하였다. 연구 진행 결과, PSE를 제공받은 실험군은 음악을 들으며 동작을 수행할 때 상지 관절가동범위가 유의미하게 향상되는 즉각적인 효과를 보였으나(p < .05), 대조군은 즉각적인 효과를 보이지 않았다. 이는 단순 리듬 자극보다 PSE가 상지 운동 향상에 더 적절하게 적용될 수 있다는 것과 음악의 청각적 패턴이 운동 범위의 확장 즉, 운동 향상에 영향을 줄 수 있다는 것을 보여주었다. 본 연구는 PSE가 상지 운동 기능에 미치는 즉각적인 영향을 단순 리듬 자극과 비교분석하였다는 점에서 의의가 있으며 음악 요소의 특징이 유도하고자 하는 신체 운동의 목표와 밀접한 연관성을 가질 때 효과적으로 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.181-197
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• 2003

The Purpose of this study was to examine the kinematic analysis of the upper-limb motion of wheelchair basketball free throw shooting. Three-dimensional kinematic data were obtained from 8 male wheelchair basketball players performing a successful free throw. Players were divided into three groups, according to their IWBF classification(Group 1: 1 point players, Group 2: 2-2.5point players and Group 3:3.5-4 point players) Wheelchair basketball free throw motions were taken by video camera. The three-dimensional coordinates was processed by DLT. Players from Group 1 and 2 tended to release the ball from a lower height, with greater velocity and release angle. Players from Group 1 showed greater shoulder horizontal adduction and horizontal abduction angle, wrist ulnar flexion and radial flexion angle, and trunk angle. but players from Group 2 appeared lower shoulder abduction. Upper limb angular velocity showed most greatly in hands from Group 1, upperarm from Group 2, and forearm from Group 3.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2007

Purpose: There is a need to apply the Tai Chi program to help early mastectomy patients improve their upper limb functions and for the emotional state as well. Method: Participants were recruited at breast cancer centers of two general hospitals from February 17 to April 25, 2005. Twenty-five subjects in the experimental group and 23 subjects in the control group participated for 12 weeks. The Tai chi program consisted of breast cancer self management education and a Tai Chi exercise program. Range of motion of the shoulder joint was determined by the Uni-level inclinometer, and functional assessment of the shoulder was evaluated with the tool. Data was analyzed by SPSS 11. Results: The experimental group had significantly increased shoulder range of motion, especially in external rotation, upper limb function and emotional state compared with the control group after program for 12 weeks. Conclusion: This program makes it possible to be independent and have a positive everyday life. In addition, it can help keep a healthy lifestyle in mastectomy women.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the activation of the contralateral upper and lower extremities and trunk muscle during ipsilateral upper extremity diagonal isokinetic exercise. Methods: Twenty-one healthy male subjects with no history of shoulder injury undertook ipsilateral diagonal isokinetic exercise at 60, 120, and $180^{\circ}/sec$, utilizing a standard Biodex protocol. Muscle activation amplitudes were measured in the upper trapezius, pectoralis major, biceps brachii, rectus abdominis, external oblique, rectus femoris, adductor longus, and biceps femoris muscles using electromyography. A one-way analysis of variance and paired t-tests were conducted, and the data were analyzed using SPSS, version 21.0. Results: The results revealed no statistically significant interaction between motion and angular velocity and no statistically significant contralateral muscle activation according to angular velocity (p>0.05). However, they revealed statistically significant contralateral muscle activation according to motion (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that the movements involved in contralateral upper extremity diagonal isokinetic exercise can enhance muscle strength in patients affected by stroke, fracture, burns, or arthritis.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.857-863
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• 2015

The need for human body posture robots has led researchers to develop dexterous design of exoskeleton robots. Quantitative techniques to assess human motor function and generate commands for robots were required to be developed. In this paper, we present a passivity based adaptive control algorithm for upper limb assist exoskeleton. The proposed algorithm can adapt to different subject parameters and provide efficient response against the biomechanical variations caused by subject variations. Furthermore, we have employed the Particle Swarm Optimization technique to tune the controller gains. Efficacy of the proposed algorithm method is experimentally demonstrated using a seven degree of freedom upper limb assist exoskeleton robot. The proposed algorithm was found to estimate the desired motion and assist accordingly. This algorithm in conjunction with an upper limb assist exoskeleton robot may be very useful for elderly people to perform daily tasks.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.171-179
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• 2003

This paper presents a rehabilitation exercise system which utilizes a 6 DOF robot as a motion generator. This system was proposed for a stroke patient or a patient who has hemiplegia. A master-slave system was designed to exercise either paralysis or abnormal limb by using normal limb motion. The study on the human body was applied to calculate the motion range of elbows and shoulders. In addition, a force-torque sensor was applied to the slave robot to estimate the rehabilitation extent of the patient. Therefore, the stability of the rehabilitation robot could be improved. By using the rehabilitation robot. the patients could exercise by themselves without assistance. In conclusion, the proposed system was verified by computer simulations and system experiment.