• 생약학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.344-348
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• 1995

Preliminary screening test of modulators for multidrug resistance with 400 medicinal plants was carried out by using human multidrug resistance cell line, KB-V1. Among active medicinal plants, the unripe fruits of Evodia officinalis showed a potent modulating activity of MDR. From MeOH extract of this plant, we isolated two indole alkaloids, rutaecarpine (1) and evodiamine (2), by repeated silicagel column chromatography. Rutaecarpine increased the cytotoxicities of vinblastine and taxol against multidrug resistance cells, but evodiamine showed no modulating activity in spite of its potent cytotoxic activities.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 1987

본 실험은 전기영동법에 의하여 탄저병균의 종분류를 하였다. 고추 탄저병균인 Colletotrichium gloeosporioides, C. dematium과 사과 탄저병균 Gloeosporium fructigenum은 esterase, leucine aminopeptidase, acid phosphatase와 glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase 동위효소에 의해 구분되었다. 특히 C. gloesoporioides의 G와 R-strain이 효소 pattern에 의해 구분되었다. G-strain은 고추의 모든 열매(푸른고추, 붉은고추)를 침해하나, R-strain은 단지 붉은 고추를 침해하고 푸른고추는 침해하지 않는다

• Toxicological Research
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.195-199
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• 2008

It has been reported that hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450(CYP) 2E1 is responsible for the metabolism of chlorzoxazone(CZX) to 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone. The present study was undertaken to assess the possible interaction of rutaecarpine, an alkaloid originally isolated from the unripe fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa, with CZX. Male Spraque-Dawley rats were administered with 80 mg/kg/day of oral rutaecarpine for three consecutive days. Twenty four hr after the pre-treatment with rutaecarpine, the rats were treated with 20 mg/kg of intravenous CZX. Rat hepatic microsomes isolated from rutaecarpine-treated rats showed greater(50% increase) activity of p-nitrophenol hydroxylase(a marker of CYP2E1) when compared with the control rats. Compared with control rats, the AUC of CZX was significantly smaller(84% decrease) possibly due to significantly faster CL(646% increase) in rats pretreated with rutaecarpine. This could be, at least partially, due to induction of CYP2E1 by rutaecarpine.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.243-247
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• 2011

Rutaecarpine, an alkaloid originally isolated from the unripe fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa, has been shown to be anti-inflammatory. In the present study, a possible interaction between rutaecarpine and caffeine was investigated in male Sprague Dawley rats. Twenty four hr after the oral pretreatment with rutaecarpine at 80 mg/kg for three consecutive days, rats were treated intravenously with 10 mg/kg of caffeine. Compared with control rats, the pharmacokinetic parameters of caffeine in rutaecarpine-pretreated rats were significantly changed, possibly due to the rapid metabolism. The production of three metabolites of caffeine (i.e., paraxanthine, theobromine and theophylline) was also significantly changed in rats pretreated with rutaecarpine. The present results suggest that oral rutaecarpine would change the intravenous pharmacokinetic characteristics of caffeine.

• 생약학회지
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• 제36권1호통권140호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

To develop an whitening cosmetics, we isolated the melanogenesis inhibitors from the unripe fruits of Poncirus trifoliata (Rutaceae). Isolated compounds were identified as poncirin(l), naringin(2), bis(2-methylheptyl)phthalate(3), avenalumic acid methyl ester(4) by comparison of physical and spectral data with those reported in the literature. Among the isolated compounds, bis(2-methylheptyl)phthalate showed most potent inhibitory effect on the melanogenesis in cultured B-16 mouse melanoma cell lines$(IC_{50},\;36.8\;{\mu}M)$ compared with kojic acid$(IC_{50},\;150\;{\mu}M)$.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 1962

Decoctions of two Korean indigenous crude drugs. Radix Jingyu(the dried root of Aconitum pseudo-laeve Nakai var. erectum Nakai form. Genuinum Nakai) and Fructus ponciri (the transversely sliced and dried unripe fruit of Poncirus trifoliata Rafinesque), are being utilized by the inhabitants in certain parts of southeastern district of Korea with an empirical belief that these serve as effective insecticides for cattle ticks. Of the two species of cattle ticks so far identified in Korea, Boophilus microplus and Haemaphysalis bispinosum, the former was employed in this experiment as the species occupies nearly 99 percent of the tick population. The results of the experiments herein reported seen to indicate that although the killing power of aqueous extracts of the drugs is minimal, the repellent effect against the ticks, especially of Radix Jingyu, is excellent. It may be of interest to note that the aqueous extract of Radix Jingyu has not proved to be inferior to any of the most effective cattle repellents commercially available. Further studies on these Korean indigenous crude drugs as cattle tick repellents are indicated to find whether active ingredients can be extracted in a hope to materialize an extensive application of these drugs in the field.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.144-147
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• 2007

Dried, unripe fruits of Cornus kousa Burg. were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH and the concentrated extracts were partitioned between EtOAc and $H_2O$. From the EtOAc fraction, four flavonoids were isolated through repeated silica gel, ODS and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies followed by a preparative HPLC. Based on the spectroscopic data including NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as kaempferol (1), astragalin (2), hyperin (3) and isoquercitrin (4). These compounds were isolated for the first time from the fruits of this plant.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.882-891
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to improve dye effect and method in order to facilitate the use of persimmon juice dyeing. Silk fabrics were pad-dyed to 100% pick-up using padding machine after dipping in persimmon juice extracted from unripe persimmons indigenous to Jeju. The color of dyed silk fabrics by padding method was more even and repeatable than that by traditional hand method. Persimmon juice concentrations were 4 types 10, 25, 50 and 100%. The silk fabrics were pad-dyed to 100% pick-up and were repeatedly dyed two times and three times with 100% concentration. The higher the concentration, the more color deepened. UV Irradiation instead of sunlight was applied to color developing. Irradiation times were shortened to 1-8hrs. Color values which reguired 30-50 hrs. in sunlight irradiation. were obtained in 3-5 hrs. with UV irradiation. Tensile strengths of silk fabrics in UV irradiation decreased but not decreased in sunlight irradiation. Elongations of silk fabrics in sunlight irradiation increased but decreased in W irradiation. Drape stiffness increased up to three times.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.33-39
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• 1981

This study was attempted to determine the pectin contents of various fruits(Cherry, strawberry, plum, peach, apricot, apple, crabapple) and to investigate the changes in the properties of pectin and pectin gel during crabapple ripening. Methoxyl content, molecular weight and intrinsic viscosity were measured in ripened and unripened crabapples. In order to determine the characteristics of pectin gel, percent sag was measured by exchange Ridgelimeter, hardness and textural characteristics of jellies were measured by a penetrometer and a texturometer. The experimental results are summarized as follows: 1. The pectin contents of various fruits were 1.16% for cherry, 3.17% fir strawberry, 4.29% for plum, 5.51% for apricot, and pectin contents of peaches and apples varies depends on varieties from 4.54% to 5.61% to 6.52, respectively. The pectin contents of unripened and ripened crabapple wee 9.21% and 9.84% respectively, indicating that pectin content increased with fruit maturity. 2. The methoxyl contents, which was 6.61%~6.95%, was very low and it increased significantly during fruit ripening. Further, a decrease in acetyl content, intrinsic viscosity, molecular weight occurred during the ripening of crabapples. 3. The percent sag of crabapple jellies increased with fruit maturity from 5.26% to 5.79%, and the corresponding jelly grade decreased in ripened crabapple. 4. The hardness of jellies determined by a penetrometer was 79.15 pp.U. for ripened crabapple jelly, 90.62 pp.U. for unripe ned crabapple jelly. 5. In the textural characteristics of gels measured by a texturometer, the gels made from unripened crabapple were shown to have the highest values in hardness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness and gumminess.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.747-751
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• 1999

The Hohenheim in vitro gas test was used to assess the nutritional value of some crop residues of known in vivo digestibility. The crop residues are groundnut shells (GNS) corn cobs (CC); cassava peels (CaP); unripe and ripe plantain peels (UPP, RPP) and citrus pulp/peels (CPP). Compared to other crop residues, crude protein (CP) content of CC was low. Except for CaP and CPP that had low neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF), other residues contained a high amount of cell wall constituents. Net gas production was significantly different among the crop residues (p<0.05). Gas production was highest in CPP followed by CaP. CC, UPP and RPP have the same volume of net gas production, while the least net gas production was in GNS. True dry matter (TDM) digestibility was significantly different (p<0.05) among the residues. GNS was the least in TDM digestibility. CaP, UPP and RPP had similar TDM digestibility values, while the highest TDM digestibility was obtained in CPP. OM digestibility was different among the residues (p<0.05). CaP and CPP had the same ME value while CC, UPP and RPP had close ME values and GNS the least in ME (p<0.05). The potential extent (b) and rate (c) of gas production were statistical different among the residues (p<0.05). The Hohenheim gas test gave high in vitro organic matter (OM) digestibility for CC, CaP, UPP and RPP and CPP. Fermentable carbohydrates and probably available nitrogen in the crop residues influenced net gas production. The results showed that crop residues besides, providing bulk are also a source of energy and fermentable products which could be used in ruminant livestock production in the tropics.