• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.53-66
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• 2001

The primary objectives of this research is to identify the unmarried mother's (1) socio-demographic characteristics and (2) factors that correlates their stress and (3) factors that predicts their stress. This study uses the data based on interviews with 136 unmarried mothers selected purposive sampling from the 5 unmarried mothers protective institutions in Seoul, Pyungtak, Chunchon, Taegu, and Gwanju. The major findings were as follows. First of all, the age of the first sexual activity of the late-teens among the unmarried mothers are over the half. The portions over the one time abortion are 33.3%. Second, the social support part in the coping sub-category had positive correlation with the stress of unmarried mothers. And the age of the first sexual activity and my thought on the adolescent sex had negative correlation with the stress of unmarried mothers. Third, the age of the first sexual activity predicted the stress of unmarried mothers. Therefore, the comprehensive and systematic intervention programs should be required to ensure that they intervene the stress of unmarried mothers.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.168-178
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• 2023

Purpose: This study explored obstetric and neonatal nurses' nursing experience of pregnancy and childbirth in unmarried mothers. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 nurses working in obstetrics, gynecology, and neonatal departments in Seoul and Busan. The collected data were examined using qualitative content analysis. Results: A total of four categories and ten themes were derived. The four categories were "Feelings toward unmarried mothers," "Difficulties faced when caring for unmarried mothers", "Nursing moving forward together", and "Strategies to improve care for unmarried mothers". Conclusion: To ensure that nurses can provide sufficient positive support and care when caring for unmarried mothers, healthcare workers must be provided with adequate education to improve their awareness and the services for unmarried mothers; in addition, interventions are needed to alleviate negative experiences and emotions when dealing with unmarried mothers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.186-194
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the pregnancy and childbirth experience of unmarried teenage mothers and to provide basic information of programmes to prevent unplanned pregnancies in unmarried teenage mothers. Methods: The participants of study were 7 unmarried teenage mothers who lived in shelters in D city, and whose ages ranged from 15 to 19 years. Data gathering through in-depth interviews, 3 to 5 times, was done from August 2002 to September 2003. Data were analyzed with Colaizzi's(1978) phenomenological methodology. Results: The implications of pregnancy and childbirth experience for unmarried teenage mothers were "Seem to live in hell", "Desire for a miscarriage", "Lethargy", "Feel maternity", "Feel unjustified", and "Change of sexual perception". Conclusion: These findings contribute to understanding the pregnancy and childbirth experience of unmarried teenage mothers and can be used as sexual education information to help unmarried teenage mothers to prevent further unplanned pregnancies.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.63-78
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to identify educational needs of institutionalized unmarried teenage mothers and difficulties of running social welfare facilities for them. To achieve this purpose of the study, structured interviews with 4 social workers are conducted. At first, social workers who were working with teenage mothers told the general characteristics of institutionalized teenage mothers. Secondly, they presented their ideas about teenage mothers' educational needs, especially for preventing their repeated pregnancy. Thirdly, they pleaded their own sorry situation for running facilities such as depending on volunteers too much, financial problems, and limitations for running systematic educational programs.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.39-51
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• 2002

Pregnancies of unmarried women are one of the most serious sex problems because they can negatively affect the lives and development of both unwed mothers and their extramarital children. The number of unwed adolescent mothers is growing recently, extending the seriousness of the problem. This study was conducted to explore the ego-state, life position and family systems that may cause unmarried pregnancy. The data obtained from the structured questionnaire survey of 79 unmarried adolescent mothers and 82 female adolescents were analyzed in terms of frequency and t-test using the SPSS WIN 8.0 program. The results were as follows: 1. Ego-state elements of unmarried adolescent mothers were distributed evenly in general and this falls under the All B(BBBBB) type of ego-gram, just like the adolescents. As for the subject adolescent mothers, CP was the lowest among the 5 egos. 2. As to the life position, the position of "I′m OK, You′re OK"was the highest for both groups, with slight differences. 3. With regard to the family system types sorted by the combination of family cohesion and family adaptability levels, both the adolescent. mothers and adolescents tended to perceive their families as somewhat-balanced or balanced families. 4. While the two groups of adolescent mothers and adolescents showed, on the whole, the same types for all the indicators like above, statistically significant differences were found in more detailed elements.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 2020

Purpose: We aimed to develop domains for the resilience improvement of unmarried mothers to prevent child abuse based on a nursing model of resilience. Methods: We conducted a literature review and in-depth interviews with unmarried mothers. Results: Based on Polk's nursing model of resilience, we derived 4 patterns, 10 domains, and 24 sub-domains for improving the resilience of unmarried mothers. Philosophical pattern includes the domain of parenthood preparation and dispositional pattern includes the domains of emotional support, control of emotions, and child abuse awareness correction. Situational pattern includes the domains of maternal health promotion, understanding of child development and improvement of parenting skills, and assessment of the domestic environment and modification of risk factors. Relational pattern includes the domains of enhancement of mother-infant attachment, family support, and social support. Conclusion: We identified domains for enhancing resilience based on the situational and personal characteristics of unmarried mothers. The results of this study may contribute to child abuse precention by promoting the resilience of unmarried mothers.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.61-87
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• 2004

In Korea, since the systematic efforts to help unmarried mothers are rather limited, the unmarried mother's social relationship is expected to play a critical role in the adjustment of unmarried mothers after the birth of a baby. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of social relationship on unmarried mother's self-esteem. Especially, this study focused a negative aspect of social relationship, social conflict, which has been ignored by the previous researches. For this study, survey method was employed. The respondents of the questionnaire were 205 unmarried mothers staying at six out of eight institutions for unmarried mothers available in Korea. The multiple regression and other descriptive statistical methods were conducted and the results of analysis are as follows. First, the higher the level of perceived social support was, the higher the level of self-esteem of unmarried mothers was. Second, the higher the level of perceived social conflict was, the lower the level of self-esteem of unmarried mothers was. Third, even though the level of perceived social conflict was much lower than the perceived social support, the effect of social conflict on unmarried mothers' self-esteem was as powerful as the social support. This means that the effect of social conflict also can be very important. These findings suggest a new direction for intervention for unmarried mothers. Until now, the major target of intervention in social relationship was to strengthen existing social support or establish new social support system. Now, in addition to augmenting social support, we should pay attention to removal of social conflict, since it has significantly powerful effect on the adjustment of unmarried mothers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.229-239
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• 2008

Purpose: A phenomenology study was conducted to provide in-depth data to help in the understanding of young women who have become unmarried mothers. Method: In-depth interviews were done with 11 unmarried mothers from August 2002 to September 2003 Data were recorded and analyzed by Colaizzi method. Result: Significant statements consisted of 5 categories with 12 theme clusters accompanying each category. The categories were: "Sex as a tool" which included living and connections, "Sex as an expression of her desire" which included wanting and expression of love, "Sex to be dominated" which included significance, domination and negative aspects of sex, "Moral sex" which included secrecy, responsibility and connections with life, "Sex as a sense of identity" which included expression of gender and association with peer group. Conclusion: The results of this study will help indicate directions for care of unmarried mother, which should be based on a deep understanding of their personal perception of sexuality. Also, it can be utilized as basic materials for development of sex educational programs to prevent repeat pregnancies in unmarried women and information on consultion with unmarried mothers.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.252-260
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was done to develop a sexual health education program for unmarried mothers that were intended to provide the correct sexual knowledge, to help them establish positive sexual perception and to improve sexual health. The program was applied and its effect was evaluated. Method: One group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research design was applied to evaluate the effect of a sexual health education program unmarried mothers. The research team developed a 34 hour program of 16 units, where the basic schemes were human development, relationships, personal skills, sexual behavior, sexual health, and society & culture. We applied the program to 32 unmarried mothers in the Institute for unmarried mothers in Gangwon-do, Korea from April 19, 2004 to June 14, 2004. Result: After the application of an 8 week sexual health education program, the subjects significantly showed a better perception of self-efficiency, self-esteem, sexual knowledge and sexual behavior than before the program. Conclusion: The sexual health education program for unmarried mother in this study was effective on improving sexual perception and promoting sexual health behavior.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.636-652
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to have an in-depth understanding of the structure and essence of the living experiences of unmarried mothers institutionalized after childbirth through phenomenological research. Methods: The data were collected through in-depth interview with 9 unmarried mothers from October 1, 2016 to February 2017 and this is qualitative research using Colazzi's phenomenological research method. Results: The living experiences of unmarried mothers institutionalized after childbirth had 15 themes in 4 theme clusters: 'childbirth and parenting,' 'living in women's refuge,' 'becoming independent as proud mother,' and 'disentangled thread.' Conclusion: After childbirth, unmarried mothers experienced psychological pressure from the need to cope with lonely and wearing reality by themselves but struggled to overcome the reality together with their child. Unmarried mothers hoped to live the life they chose proudly and happily together with their child. It is therefore necessary to give residential and environmental support to unmarried mothers in pursuit of their stable living and to change the awareness in the whole society with the aim of removing negative social attitude and discrimination, accepting differences, and living together.