• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.407-417
• /
• 2017

This study examined the extent to which childcare methods of infant classroom childcare teachers who respect infant rights in the everyday teaching curriculum at day-care centers occurs. To achieve these objectives, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 210 infant classroom childcare teachers who were in charge of the day-care center classrooms located in [G] city of [J] province. The results of the research confirmed that first there were no statistically significant differences when verifying the extent to which childcare methods of infant classroom childcare teachers who respect infant rights in the everyday teaching curriculum at day-care centers according to the final education level, professional experience, age, and education major of the infant classroom childcare teacher. On the other hand, the results confirmed that when analyzing for arrival time for infant classroom childcare instruction at the day-care center and for the time spent taking the infant to and from the bathroom, the infant classroom childcare teachers who had graduated from 2 year colleges showed more respect for infant rights compared to that of infant classroom childcare teachers who had graduated from 4 year universities, and for the arrival time for infant classroom childcare instruction at the day-care center and nap times, the infant classroom childcare teachers who were above 50 years of age showed more respect for infant rights compared to that of infant classroom childcare teachers who were in their 30s and 40s. The results of the research confirmed that there were statistically significant differences for both the age and education major of the infant classroom childcare teachers. When examining each of the sub-factor, the age of the infant classroom childcare teachers, respect for the infant's opinion, respect for individuality, and for information provision, infant classroom childcare teachers older than 50 years of age were shown to exercise a higher level of respect for the infant according to the rule of prioritizing the infant compared to infant classroom childcare teachers in their 30s and 40s, and infant classroom childcare teachers who majored in infant education-related majors exercised a higher level of respect for the infant for respecting freedom and autonomy compared to that of infant classroom childcare teachers who majored in welfare and childcare-related fields. The results of the research confirmed a statistically significant static correlation between the two related variables. Therefore, this suggests that the more childcare methods of infant classroom childcare teachers who respect infant rights in the everyday teaching curriculum at day-care centers, the more childcare methods of infant classroom childcare teachers who respect infant rights occurred according to the rule of prioritizing the infant. These results can be used to establish both quantitatively and qualitatively an excellent and balanced respect for infant rights.

• Journal of Distribution Research
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.71-99
• /
• 2010

Most of studies on patriotism in the marketing area have focused on ethnocentric tendencies observed in consumption behaviors. On the contrary, there have been few empirical studies on how patriotism in the general sense, indicating affection for, attachment to, and pride in the country, influences consumers' evaluation of domestic and foreign products. Given the current situation that marketing activities appealing to people's patriotism is increasing, this is somewhat surprising. Thus, this study examined empirically how patriotism influences people's evaluation of domestic and foreign products. In addition, we tested whether consumer ethnocentrism works as an intervening variable in the relation between patriotism and product evaluation. The empirical analysis was conducted through a questionnaire survey of undergraduate and graduate students at universities in Seoul. The survey asked about the respondents' patriotism, consumer ethnocentrism, domestic product evaluation, foreign product evaluation, and demographical characteristics. In foreign product evaluation, the respondents were requested to evaluate Chinese and Japanese products. Email was used to send and recover the questionnaires, and 135 replies were used in the analysis. Major findings from the empirical analysis are as follows. First, a significant relationship was observed between patriotism and domestic product evaluation. That is, patriotic participants evaluated domestic products more favorably. On the other hand, no significant relationship was observed between patriotism and foreign product evaluation(See Table 1-1 and 1-2). Next, the effect of patriotism on domestic product evaluation was mediated by consumer ethnocentrism. However, whether the effect of patriotism on domestic product evaluation is mediated by consumer ethnocentrism partially or fully was different according to product(See Table 2-1 and 2-2). Lastly, we tried to analyze the relation between consumer ethnocentrism and product evaluation and comparing the results with findings of previous researches. According to the results, a significant relationship was observed between consumer ethnocentrism and domestic product evaluation but not between consumer ethnocentrism and foreign product evaluation. The meanings of this study are as follows. First, there have been few marketing studies that investigated the relation between patriotism and product evaluation. Thus, this study is meaningful in that it supplemented the limitation of previous research. Second, consumer ethnocentrism was found to mediate the relation between patriotism and domestic product evaluation. Considering the absence of previous research that examined the role of consumer ethnocentrism as an intervening variable, this study is significant in that it expanded the scope of research on consumer ethnocentrism. Third, from the practical aspect, the results of this study suggest that marketing appealing to patriotism is effective in stimulating consumers' purchase and consumption of domestic products. Accordingly, such a marketing strategy is expected to be effective in protecting domestic markets from imported goods and overseas brands and to increase demands for domestic products and brands. However, there is the question of whether the effect of patriotism based marketing strategies in promoting demand for domestic products would persist. That is, this study could not find a significant relation between patriotism and foreign product evaluation, and this means that the increase in patriotism for the home country does not damage people's view to the quality of foreign products negatively. Accordingly, without change in people's perception of foreign products, it is highly likely that the increase in demand for domestic products or brands induced by patriotism elevated at a specific time or situation may not last long. Fourth, the results of this study suggest that the patriotism level may influence consumers' choice behavior toward retailers strongly connected to a specific country or region. That is, consumers with high level patriotism may hesitate or avoid using a retailer associated with some foreign country. Fifth, according to the results of this study, when people's patriotism is stimulated by a specific social situation or event, it can be an opportunity for domestic franchise brands to increase their market performance such as sales and market share and, at the same time, for foreign franchise brands to experience adversities. Therefore, during a period like the Olympic Games or the World Cup when people's sense of belonging or attachment to their country is heightened, domestic franchise brands need to make marketing activities that may lead market opportunities to substantial results and foreign franchise brands to cope with such adversities. Sixth, consumers' brand choice is often made in retail stores. It has been demonstrated by numerous studies that in store stimuli such as point of purchase display can affect consumers' behavior. Considering this, domestic brands facing competition with foreign brands should make continuous efforts to enhance the market performance of their products through developing in store stimuli that can stimulate consumers' patriotism. Finally, based on the major findings of this study, both academic and practical issues were discussed. Suggestions for future studies were provided.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.47
• /
• pp.31-52
• /
• 2017

NCS education was created to realize a society in which skills and abilities are respected, such as transcending specifications, establishing recruitment systems, and developing and disseminating national incompetence standards. At the university level, special lectures and job training are being strengthened to raise industrial experts. Especially, in the field of animation, new technologies are rapidly emerging and demanding convergent talents with various fields. In order to meet these social demands, there is a limit to the existing one-class teaching method. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to participate in a variety of specialized teachers. In other words, rather than solving problems of students' job training and job creation, It is aimed to solve jointly, Team teaching was suggested as a method for this. The expected effects that can be obtained through this are as follows. First, the field of animation is becoming more diverse and complex. The ability to use NCS job-related skills pools can be matched with professors from other departments to enable a wider range of professional instruction. Second, it is possible to use partial professorships in other departments by actively utilizing professors in the university. This leads to the strengthening of the capacity of teachers in universities. Third, it is possible to build a broader and more integrated educational system through cooperative teaching of professors in other departments. Finally, the advantages of special lectures and mentor support of college professors' pools are broader than those of field specialists. A variety of guidance for students can be made with responsible professors. In other words, time and space constraints can be avoided because the mentor is easily met and guided by the university.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.381-390
• /
• 2017

The aim of this study is to develop a teamwork self-assessment tool for Korean nursing students (K-self assessment of teamwork) to evaluate the effects of simulation education, and to test the validity of the tool. As the research method, data were collected from 185 third- and fourth-year nursing students who had completed emergency simulation practice courses while attending nursing schools at two universities in K region. The collected data were analyzed using such statistical programs as SPSS/WIN 22.0 and AMOS 17.0. A test of the construct validity was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis and explanatory factor analysis. To test the criterion validity of the K-self assessment of teamwork, its correlation with the Mayo High Performance Teamwork Scale (MHPTS) was analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients. In addition, of the reliability items, the internal consistency was tested using Chronbach's ${\alpha}$. The results of the study are as follows: The construct validity was demonstrated through the confirmatory factor analysis and explanatory factor analysis. As regards the test of reliability, there was one item for which the reliability of its validity was increased to .937 when a (single/particular) question was removed. However, in the end, no questions were removed, because the correlation coefficient between the questions and the total score was greater than .4. The overall reliability of the K-self assessment tool of teamwork was found to be .934, confirming its reliability. The translated version of the K-self assessment of teamwork developed in this study was also demonstrated to be applicable to domestic settings, in which the teamwork of nursing students can be assessed during simulation education. The results of the use of this tool in the future will be used to assess the effects of simulation education at nursing colleges, and will become the basis of various types of educational programs aimed at improving teamwork in emergency situations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.12
• /
• pp.551-560
• /
• 2016

The aim of this study was to verify the effect of the parameters in relation to college students' awareness of sexual assault and sexual violence experience. The subjects were 408 male and female college students attending four universities located in Jeju island. Sexual assault awareness measures, sexual violence experience scale, and the scale of sexual violence allowance scale were used in the questionnaires. First, correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between sexual violence awareness and sexual violence. Also, sexual violence awareness and sexual violence allowance scale showed a considerable negative correlation. This suggests that the higher the sexual assault awareness, the lower the sexual damage and sexual violence allowance scale. Second, after analyzing the division of the subject into research model and competition model to verify the mediation effect in relationship of the sexual violence awareness and sexual violence experience, it was clear that sexual awareness does not have a direct effect on the experience of sexual damage. It rather mediated the sexual violence allowance scale. Therefore, the research model, which is the full mediation model, was selected. In other words, sexual assault awareness appeared to fully mediate the relationship between sexual assault awareness and sexual assault experience. This means that sexual assault perception has an indirect influence through sexual assault allowance rather than a direct effect on the sexual assault experience. Thus, the more well established that sexual assault awareness is, the lower the sexual assault allowance scale. Finally, the lowered sexual assault allowance scale could reduce the sexual assault harm. To improve the sexual assault recognition, a systematic sexual violence prevention education should be conducted. Sexual assault prevention education would allow students in dating relationships to become mature in their human rights and maintain the proper emotional relationship and enable a reduction in the harm sexual assault as a result of giving them the consideration. Finally, this study had a limitation in selecting the subjects as the college students living in Jeju. Therefore, in order to compensate for this limitation, follow-up studies should be carried out on with a sample of generalized and various research subjects.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.211-221
• /
• 2014

The clinical practices provide the students with a good opportunity to study the practical experiences in their field through the clinical training education in hospital. Now, in this study, comparing the perceptions of the clinic teachers with those of students at the clinical site. The study was conducted to the students attending universities located in Seoul and who finished the clinical practices in 2013. The questionnaires were distributed to the student and collected from them. The study were conducted to 275 questionnaires with frequency analysis, crosstabs, chi-square test and McNemar test. The major motivation was of the select radiography course was high employment rate(44.0%) and the satisfaction of radiography course was general(53.1%). 51.3% of the study answered 8 weeks current duration of clinical practices is proper. The 3-year course students answered that the period of clinical practices would be proper if it is performed in the winter vacation in their second year in college(47.3%). The 4-year course students answered that the first semester in their third years is proper for clinical practices( 27.7%). The students answered that they felt the lack in their knowledge on the professional field(32.4%) during the clinical practices and some of the practical training is different from the education performed at school(68.4%). Most of answered that they were satisfied with the clinical practices and among them they recognized the importance of the clinical practices ($3.94{\pm}0.89$). After the clinical practices, their desire for getting job as a radiography has changed from 84.1% to 82.9%. The reason why they want the job related to the radiation is because the job is stable (changed from 49.0% to 46.0% after the clinical practice) while the reason why they don't want be a radigrapher because that job is not proper for them (changed from 37.0% to 40.7% after the clinical practice) The effort should be made to enhance the position of radiation professionals through the improved education system to the students, rather giving them education for just employment.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.17-26
• /
• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between assessment measurements of knee osteoarthritis and obesity. Methods : Data on assessment measurements of knee osteoarthritis and obesity were obtained from 63 patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis from February to April, 2005. The assessment measurements consisted of BMI (body mass index), WHR (waist-hip ratio), two disease-specific questionnaires (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) index and Lequesne's Functional Severity Index (LFI)), one generic instrument (Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire (KHAQ)), and VAS (Visual Analogue Scale). Statistical correlations among assessment measurements were evaluated by examining the Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results : 1. The sexual ratio in this study was 1: 5.3 (male: female= 10: 53). The average age of all patients was $59.1{\pm}6.6$ (male: $58.3{\pm}7.1$, female: $59.2{\pm}6.5$), and the group of 60-69 (34 patients, 54%) was biggest in the age distribution. 2. The average BMI of all patients was $25.4{\pm}3.1\;kg/m^2$ (male: female= $23.6{\pm}2.6\;kg/m^2:\;25.8{\pm}3.0\;kg/m^2$), and the group of $20-25\;kg/m^2$ was biggest in the BMI distribution. According to clinical definition of obesity by WHO (1997), 52.4% of all patients was within normal weight, 42.9% was overweight, and 4.8% was obese. 3. The average WHR of all patients was $0.91{\pm}0.06$ (male: female= $0.90{\pm}0.05:\;0.92{\pm}0.06$). According to definition of abdominal obesity, 73.0% of all patients (46 patients were all female) was in the state of abdominal obesity. 4. There were no significant correlations in statistics among assessment measurements except between BMI and WHR. Conclusion : Though there is significant correlation between knee osteoarthritis and obesity according to many clinical and experimental researches, there is no assessment measurement reflecting knee osteoarthritis and obesity simultaneously. For this, further studies on correlation between knee osteoarthritis and obesity and development of assessment measurement or questionnaire on this are needed.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 2010

During the past 10 years, sales of luxury goods increased significantly to more than US$ 130 billion in 2007. In this industry, more than half of the revenue comes from Asia where the average income has risen significantly, and the demand for luxury products is forecast to grow rapidly. Purchasing luxury brands appears to be an intriguing social phenomenon that is profitable for companies in this region. As a newly developed country, Korea is one of the most attractive luxury markets in Asia. Currently, a total of 120 luxury fashion brands have entered the Korean market, primarily in luxury districts in Seoul where the competition is fierce. The purposes of this study are to: (1) identify antecedents of attitude toward luxury brands, (2) examine the effect of attitudes toward luxury brands on customer equity, (3) determine the impact of attitudes toward luxury brands on customer lifetime value, and (4) investigate the influence of customer equity on customer life time value. Previous studies have examined materialism, social need, experiential need, need for uniqueness, conformity, and fashion involvement as antecedents of attitude toward luxury brands. Richins and Dowson (1992) suggested that that materialism influences consumption behavior relative to quantity of goods purchased. Nueno and Quelch (1998) reported that the ownership of luxury brands conveys information related to the owner's social status, communicates an image of success and prestige, and is a determinant of purchase behavior. Experiential need is recognized as an important aspect of consumption, especially for new products developed to meet consumer demand. Since luxury goods, by definition are relatively scarce, ownership of these types of products may fulfill consumers' need for uniqueness. In this study, value equity, relationship equity, and brand equity are examined as drivers of customer equity. The sample (n = 114) was undergraduate and graduate students at two private women's universities in Seoul, Korea. Data collection was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire survey in March, 2009. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis using SPSS 15.0 software. Data analysis resulted in a number of conclusions. First, experiential need and fashion involvement positively influence participants' attitude toward luxury brands. Second, attitude toward luxury brands positively influences brand equity, followed by value equity and relationship equity. However, there is no significant relationship between attitude toward luxury brand and customer lifetime value. Finally, relationship equity positively influences customer lifetime value. In conclusion, young consumers are an important potential consumer group that tries different brands to discover the ones most suitable for them. Luxury marketers that use effective marketing strategies to attract and engender loyalty among this potentially lucrative consumer group may increase customer equity and lifetime value.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.34 no.7
• /
• pp.693-710
• /
• 2013

This study investigates the distribution of suspended particulates during the Asian dust period in Busan, Korea in the spring of 2009. Weather map and automatic weather system (AWS) data were used to analyze the synoptic weather conditions during the period. Particulate matter 10, laser particle counter data, satellite images and a backward trajectories model were used to analyze the aerosol particles distribution and their origins. In Case 1 (20 February 2009), when the $PM_{10}$ concentration increased, the aerosol volume distribution of small ($0.3-1.0{\mu}m$) particles decreased, while the concentration of large ($1.0-10.0{\mu}m$) particles increased. When the $PM_{10}$ concentration decreased, the aerosol volume distribution was observed to decrease as well. The prevailing winds changed from weak northerly winds to strong southwesterly winds when the concentration of the large particles increased. The correlation coefficient between the $PM_{10}$ concentration and aerosol volume distribution of large particles showed a high positive value of over 0.9. The results from the trajectory model show that the Asian dust originated in the Gobi desert and the Nei Mongol plateau. In Case 2 (25 April 2009), when the $PM_{10}$ concentration increased, the aerosol volume concentration of small ($0.3-0.5{\mu}m$) particles decreased, but the concentration of large ($0.5-10.0{\mu}m$) particles increased. The opposite was observed when the $PM_{10}$ concentration decreased. The prevailing winds changed from northeasterly winds to southwesterly and northeasterly winds. The correlation coefficient between the $PM_{10}$ concentration and aerosol volume distribution of large particles ($1.0-10.0{\mu}m$) showed a high positive value of about 0.9. The results from the trajectory model show that the Asian dust originated in Manchuria and the eastern coast of China.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.11-21
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to research on the preparing fermented foods and food habits of Korean women in Texas U. S. A. The preparing method of fermented foods and food habits of Korean housewives whose husbands are studying at the various universities in Houston, Texas are surveyed. The analysed results indicated were as follows ; 1. 64.4% of women were in the thirties at their age, those in twenties 29.7%. 75.2% of subject graduated college. Period of residence in America were 52.5% under 3yr, 25.7% over 5yr. The respondents were aged twenties(29.7%) to thirties(64.4%) who have graduated from college(75.2%) or graduate school(24.8%) and have had the residence period of less than three-(52.5%) to more than five years(25.7%). 2. The kind of cuisine chosen for dinner were Korean style food. The most considerable person when preparing menu were husband. 48.51% of those in age were 3∼39yr(p < 0.1). 60.40% of the response graduated college(p < 0.1). The Korean-style foods overwhelmed over western ones in their frequency for dinner(82.2% vs. 17.8%). The person most considered for choosing menu was their husbands as responded by the majority groups of aged thirties(48.5%), college graduates(60.4%) and residence period of less than three years(42.6%). They satisfied comparatively when they prepared the meal (p < 0.1). 55.4% of the response learned cooking method from neighbor, 39.6% of remainder studied from cuisine book, newspaper, magazine, TV. They satisfied comparatively for the preparation of the meal(56.4%) and have learned the new methods of cooking from neighborhoods(55.4%) or cuisine book, newspaper, magazine and TV(39.6%). 3. The frequency of eating-out mostly had once a month. 30.69% of response were 30∼39yr(p < 0.1). 33.66% of subjects lived under 3yr in America. The frequency of eating-out mostly had once a month. 30.69% of response were 30-39yr(p < 0.1). 33.66% of subjects lived under 3yr in America. Eating-out once a month occupied 30.7, 33.7, and 20.7% of the selected group of aged thirties, college graduates, and residence periods of less than three years, each respectively. The type of food selecting eating-out were western style. 38.31% of them were 30∼39yr(p < 0.1). 39.60% of them graduated college(p < 0.1). 29.70% of them lived under 3yr in America. For eating-out menu, the western-style foods were most favored by the groups of aged thirties(38.3%), college graduates(39.6%), and residence periods of less than three years(29.7%). 4. 50.5% of subject had beef once three days, 23.8% of the response had pork once two weeks, 27.7% of subject ate chicken once two weeks, 34.7% of the response enjoyed fish once a week. Eating animal foods once three days for beef(50.5%), once two weeks for pork(23.8%) and chicken(27.7%), and once a week for fish(34.7%) were most frequent. 5. Korean traditional fermented food were mostly enjoyed in order of kanjang(91.1 %), kochujang(87.2%), fermented fish(85.1%), deonjang(81.2%), jang-a-chi(76.2%). 81.2% of subject used prepared-food by themselves. 56.4% of response made kimch at home. Among Korean traditional fermented foods, kimchi(56.4%) and prepared side dishes(81.2%) were provided at home while kanjang(91.1%), kochujang(87.2%), fermented fish(85.1%), deonjang(81.2%), and jang-a-chi(76.2%) were mostly purchased from stores.