• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.149-154
• /
• 2016

Background: Any real application of Bayesian inference must acknowledge that both prior distribution and likelihood function have only been specified as more or less convenient approximations to whatever the analyzer's true belief might be. If the inferences from the Bayesian analysis are to be trusted, it is important to determine that they are robust to such variations of prior and likelihood as might also be consistent with the analyzer's stated beliefs. Materials and Methods: The robust Bayesian inference was applied to atmospheric dispersion assessment using Gaussian plume model. The scopes of contaminations were specified as the uncertainties of distribution type and parametric variability. The probabilistic distribution of model parameters was assumed to be contaminated as the symmetric unimodal and unimodal distributions. The distribution of the sector-averaged relative concentrations was then calculated by applying the contaminated priors to the model parameters. Results and Discussion: The sector-averaged concentrations for stability class were compared by applying the symmetric unimodal and unimodal priors, respectively, as the contaminated one based on the class of ${\varepsilon}$-contamination. Though ${\varepsilon}$ was assumed as 10%, the medians reflecting the symmetric unimodal priors were nearly approximated within 10% compared with ones reflecting the plausible ones. However, the medians reflecting the unimodal priors were approximated within 20% for a few downwind distances compared with ones reflecting the plausible ones. Conclusion: The robustness has been answered by estimating how the results of the Bayesian inferences are robust to reasonable variations of the plausible priors. From these robust inferences, it is reasonable to apply the symmetric unimodal priors for analyzing the robustness of the Bayesian inferences.

• 응용통계연구
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.159-167
• /
• 1995

지수족(exponential family)에 속하면서 어떤 특별한 형태를 따르는 이산분포는 그 분포함수가 정의된 정수에 대한 단봉적 순열이다. 본 논문에서 그러한 분포함수의 모수에 대한 혼합형이 어떤 조건하에서 항상 단봉적 순열을 유지하는가에 대하여 연구하였다. 그 예로써 이항분포와 포아송분포 각각에 대한 최대모수구간을 구하여, 그 모수 구간안에서의 혼합형은 항상 단봉적임을 보였다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.201-212
• /
• 2014

We provide a simple basic method to find bounds for higher order moments of unimodal distributions in terms of lower order moments when the random variable takes value in a given finite real interval. The bounds for moments in terms of the geometric mean of the distribution are also derived. Both continuous and discrete cases are considered. The bounds for the ratio and difference of moments are obtained. The special cases provide refinements of several well-known inequalities, such as Kantorovich inequality and Krasnosel'skii and Krein inequality.

• 대한수학회논문집
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.1335-1352
• /
• 2019

In this article, a new family of lifetime distributions by adding two additional parameters is introduced. The new family is called, the logarithmic Kumaraswamy family of distributions. For the proposed family, explicit expressions for some mathematical properties are derived. Maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters are also obtained. This method is applied to develop a new lifetime model, called the logarithmic Kumaraswamy Weibull distribution. The proposed model is very flexible and capable of modeling data with increasing, decreasing, unimodal or modified unimodal shaped hazard rates. To access the behavior of the model parameters, a simulation study has been carried out. Finally, the potentiality of the new method is proved via analyzing two real data sets.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.513-518
• /
• 2004

The well-known mode-mean-median inequality for the unimodal population distribution does not always hold for the frequency distribution. But many elementary statistics text books just mention that the relative location of the mean and median can be used to determine whether a distribution is positively or negatively skewed. In this paper we introduce the method generating data that is positively skewed but mean

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.601-614
• /
• 2012

Since the optimized use of sonar systems available for detection is a very practical problem for a given ocean environment, the measure of mission achievability is needed for operating the sonar system efficiently. In this paper, a theory on Measure Of Effectiveness(MOE) for specific mission such as detection is described as the measure of mission achievability, and a recursive Cumulative Detection Probability(CDP) algorithm is found to be most efficient from comparing three CDP algorithms for discrete glimpses search to reduce computation time and memory for complicated scenarios. The three CDPs which are MOE for sonar-maneuver pattern are calculated as time evolves for comparison, based on three different formula depending on the assumptions as follows; dependent or independent glimpses, unimodal or non-unimodal distribution of Probability of Detection(PD) as a function of observation time interval for detection. The proposed CDP algorithm which is made from unimodal formula is verified and applied to OASPP(Optimal Acoustic Search Path Planning) with complicated scenarios.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.343-353
• /
• 2024

The hydraulic anisotropic behavior of unsaturated soil has not been fully explored in relation to the grain-size distribution. The present study conducted laboratory assessments to examine the hydraulic anisotropy condition of statically compacted specimens in various initial states. The investigation incorporated the concept of hydraulic anisotropy by employing two discrete forms of soil stratification: horizontal-layering (HL) and vertical-layering (VL). The examined soils comprised sandy silt and silty sand, exhibiting either unimodal or bimodal soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC). This study aimed to investigate the potential correlation between the hydraulic anisotropy ratio and soil properties. The present study established a correlation between the hydraulic anisotropy ratio and several soil parameters, including fine content, dry density, plastic limit, and liquid limit. The study results indicate a non-linear relationship between the percentage of fine and dry density in soils with unimodal and bimodal soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) and hydraulic anisotropy ratio.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.517-530
• /
• 2007

We studied a modelling process for unimodal and multimodal circular data by using von Mises and its mixture distribution. In particular we suggested EM algorithm to find ML estimates of the mixture model. Simulation results showed the suggested methods are very accurate. Applications to two kinds of real data sets are also included.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.203-208
• /
• 1997

출발물질로 $BaCl_2$와 $TiCl_4$를 사용하고 침전제로 dimethyl oxalate(DMO)를 사용하여 균일침전법에 의해 barium titanyl oxalate(BTO)를 제조하였다. 반응조건을 변화시켜 가면서 실험을 수행한 결과 반응 온도가 높을수록, [DMO]/[$Ba^{2+}+Ti^{4+}$]의 비율이 증가할수록 핵 형성시간이 단축되었으며 BTO 입자가 unimodal에서 bimodal을 거쳐 넓은 범위의 unimodal로 전환하는 속도가 빨랐다. 균일침전법으로 얻은 BTO를 $900^{\circ}C$에서 하소하여 얻은 barium titanate(BT)의 입자 크기는 통상의 공침법으로 합성한 BT 입자보다 큰 형태를 나타냈으며, 결정상은 tetragonal이었다. 또한 교반이 BTO 및 BT 분말의 특성에 큰 영향을 줌을 발견하였다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제15권11호
• /
• pp.1305-1318
• /
• 2012

영상분할은 영상 처리 및 패턴 인식에서 매우 어려운 전처리 과정 중 하나이다. 일반적으로는 단순하고 구현이 쉽기 때문에 OTSU의 방법이 많이 사용되고 있지만, 영상의 히스토그램이 단일 분포를 갖거나 단일 분포에 가까울 경우에는 영상 분할이 정확히 되지 못한다. 또한, 만일 표적이 영상에 비해서 소형인 경우 표적의 히스토그램 분포가 작아져서 단일 분포에 가까워진다. 본 논문에서는 소형 표적 검출을 위한 개선된 영상 분할 기법을 제안하였다. 단일 분포 히스토그램의 단점을 극복하기 위하여 배경 히스토그램의 영향을 감소시키는 기법을 적용하였으며, SNR을 높이기 위하여 지역 평균화 기법을 1D OTSU에 적용하였다. 실제 열 영상을 기반으로 실험을 수행한 결과 2D OTSU 방법에 비해서 연산 시간은 크게 줄었으며, 영상 분할 결과는 개선되었음을 확인하였다.