• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.91-102
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• 2006

Objectives : Ulmus davidiana Planch (UD) has long been known to have anti-inflammatory and protective effects on damaged tissue, inflammation and bone among other functions. Methods : This study was undertaken to address whether the water extract of the bark of UD could modulate proliferation of mouse osteoclasts in vitro and to investigate its effect on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and is highly expressed in osteoclasts. Mouse osteoclasts were tested in vitro for growth inhibition, proliferation cell nuclear antigen expression, and COX-2 activity and expression after treatment with UD extract. Results : Its effects were compared with those of indomethacin (a nonselective COX inhibitor) and celecoxib (a selective COX-2 inhibitor) by Cell viability assay, Cell cycle analysis, Immunohistochemical analysis of PCNA expression, Western blot analysis and PGE2 Enzyme immunoassay (EIA). UD demonstrated a strong growth inhibitory action in both tested osteoclasts cells. The IC50s were $10\;{\mu}g/ml$ for UD, $6\;{\mu}M$ for celecoxib and $42\;{\mu}M$ for indomethacin. UD, as well as celecoxib and indomethacin, suppressed proliferation cell nuclear antigen expression and PGE2 synthesis in osteoclasts. UD inhibited COX-2 expression, whereas celecoxib inhibited COX-2 activity directly. Conclusion : UD selectively and effectively inhibits osteoclasts cell growth in vitro. Inhibitory action of PGE2 synthesis via suppression of COX-2 expression may be responsible for its anti-inflammatory activity.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.55-65
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was find out the therapeutic effects of Ulmus davidiana Planch pharmacopuncture(UPP) on the mice with collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis. Methods : UPP was prepared and tested for therapeutic potential of rhematoid arthritis by measuring the inhibition of cyc1ooxgenase-2(COX-2) and phospholipase A2(PLA2) activities in mice. Results : UPP showed therapeutic effects on collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis on week 8 and week 9. UPP also inhibited Freund's complete adjuvant induced chronic rheumatoid arthritis in mice. UPP showed significant inhibition of type I and type II PLA2 activities in a dose dependent manner. However, PGE2 Production was not decreased with UPP and lipopolysaccharide-induced COX-2 protein expression was not inhibited by UPP. Conclusions : These results suggest that UPP has an therapeutic effects on drug induced-rheumatoic arthritis by inhibiting PLA2 activity.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.55-70
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• 2005

Objective: Ulmus davidiana Planch (Ulmaceae) has long been known to have anti-inflammnatory in the traditional Korean medicine. UD has been reported as a good enhancer for bone healing. Methods : In this experiment, we investigate the Inhibitory effects of UD on bone resorption using the bone cells culture. Different concentrations of crude extract of UD were added to mouse bone cells culture. The mitochondria activity of the bone cells after exposure was determined by colorimetric MIT assay. It was demonstrated that UD has potential effects on bone cells culture without any cytotoxicity. The most effective concentration of UD on bone cells were $100\;{\mu}g/ml$. Cathepsin K (Cat K) is the major cysteine protease expressed in osteoclasts and is thought to play a key role in matrix degradation during bone resorption. Results : When mouse long bone cells including osteoclasts and osteoblast were treated with the PI3-Kinase inhibitor, wortmannin (WT), WT prevented the osteoclast-mediated intracellular processing of Cat K. Similarly, treatment of osteoclasts-containing long bone cells with UD extracts prevented the intracellular maturation of Cat K, suggesting that UD may disrupt the intracellular trafficking of pro Cat K. This is similar to that of WT. Since secreted proenzymes have the potential to reenter the cell via mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) receptor, to prevent this possibility, we tested WT and UD in the absence or presence of M6P. Inhibition of Cat K processing by WT or UD was observed in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the addition of M6P resulted in enhanced potency of WT and UD. Conclusion : UD dose-dependently inhibited in vitro bone resorption with a potency similar to that observed for inhibition of Cat K processing.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2012

This study confirmed the cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activities of natural herbal extracts (HE) including Eucommia ulimoides and Ulmus davidiana against human mast cell (HMC-1). HE was extracted with distilled water (at $75^{\circ}C$) and then freeze-dried for 5 days. Finally, the HE was sterilized by gamma radiation with $^{60}Co$ ${\gamma}$ source at room temperature. Cytotoxicity of the HE against HMC-1 cell was measured using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. In addition, inflammatory cytokines such as $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6 and IL-8 were evaluated by ELISA kit on the HMC-1 cells with calcimycin A23187 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). The results showed that HE had no toxicity and reduced $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6, IL-8 response on HMC-1 cells.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.29-36
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• 2018

Ulmus davidiana supercritical fluid residue EtOH extracts(USCFR) and ethyl acetate solvent fraction (USCFREA) of supercritical extraction foil were investigated in order to examine the recycling of supercritical extraction foil in the process of studying Ulmus davidiana branch supercritical extract. Experiments were performed for the determination of total phenol content. The $IC_{50}$ value(ppm) of DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity was $7.42{\pm}0.09$, $7.50{\pm}0.05$, $22.94{\pm}0.09$, $6.43{\pm}0.10$, and USCFREA, respectively, as compared with the positive control (vitamin C) with values $17.80{\pm}0.14$ and $5.34{\pm}0.06$, respectively. The antioxidative activities of USCFR and USCFREA were confirmed to be superior to the positive control group. In anti-allergic activity studies, both USCFR and USCFREA showed concentration-dependentanti-allergic activity, and USCFREA showed strong anti-allergic activity even at very low concentrations. Thetotal phenolic contents (ugEG, ugGA; ppm) of USCFR were $134.17{\pm}0.13$, $132.02{\pm}0.24$ and USCFREA were $154.77{\pm}1.05$ and $153.18{\pm}1.10$, respectively. Based on the above results and strong antioxidant activity, USCFR and USCFREA hold the potential to be considered as basic research materials for the development of therapeutic supplements based medicines or functional cosmetics related to chronic inflammatory skin immunity diseases.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.107-116
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• 2010

We prepared extracts from Ulmus davidiana (root, Korean source; URK) and Ulmus davidiana (bark, Korean source; UBK). URK extracts obtained with all tested solvents showed the highest antioxidant effects on fish oils. Both treatments containing 0.1% (v/v) extract from URK and UBK each showed that peroxide values of 30 meq/kg were maintained for 6 h and levels of 40 meq/kg were apparent for up to 18 h, indicating that antioxidative activity seemed to sustain during all tested time periods. Compared with commercial antioxidants, butanol and methanol extracts diluted to 0.05% (v/v) had similar antioxidative effects. Water and butanol UBK extracts diluted to 0.1% (v/v) both showed the highest antioxidative activities. After addition of metal ions, methanol and butanol URK extracts diluted to 0.1% (v/v) showed enhanced antioxidative activity. UBK ethanol extracts displayed superior antioxidative activity and a constant peroxide value throughout storage. However, in the case of Perilla oil, $\alpha$-tocopherol which is known as a natural antioxidant did not show any antioxidative activity except in the BHT. Methanol and butanol URK extracts diluted to 0.2% (v/v) showed superior antioxidative activities throughout the experiment. A methanolic UBK extract (0.2%, v/v) also had a similarly increased antioxidative effect. In tests involving addition of metal ions to all extracts, the methanolic UBK extract (0.2%, v/v) showed excellent antioxidative activity. When lard was tested, antioxidant levels did not differ significantly among extracts prepared using four different solvents at either 0.05% or 0.1% concentrations (both v/v). Addition of metal ions at levels of 0.05% or 0.1% (w/v) to these extracts had no significant additive effect on oxidation.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.225-233
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• 2018

The Ulmus davidiana have been used in traditional oriental medicine as remedies for inflammation, ulcers, cancers, bacterial infections and scabies. In this study, the anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activitiesof a supercritical extract of U. davidiana were investigated in vitro. To explore the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics of the supercritical extract, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and the inhibition of nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were examined, respectively. In addition, the anti-fungal activities of the extract were assessed. The results showed a concentration-dependent increase in ABTS radical scavenging activity. Cells stimulated with LPS produced more nitric oxide than normal control cells; however, cells treated with the supercritical fluid extract decreased this production in a concentration-dependent manner. Finally, the supercritical fluid extracts showed significant anti-fungal activity. These results suggest that extracts of the U. davidiana might be used to develop potent anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory agents, and may be useful as ingredients for related new functional cosmetic materials.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.577-583
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• 2006

The effect of the extract of Ulmus davidiana root on the activity of enzymes related to the removal of reactive oxygen species was investigated in the B6C3F1 mouse kidney. B6C3F1 mice were divided into five groups and fed for 20 weeks. Reduced xanthine of oxidase activity was observed in groups 4 (group fed with U. davidiana extract after N,N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) treatment and 5 (group fed with U. davidiana extract from the beginning of DEN treatment) compared to group 2 (group treated with DEN). The level of Mn-superoxidase dismutase tended to increase in the groups after DEN treatment. In group 5, the catalase activity increased and the other groups exhibited an unchanged or slightly decreased level of enzyme. Similar effects were found far glutathione peroxidase. A lower degree of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) formation was estimated in groups 4 and 5, compared to that in DEN treated group 2.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.198-201
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• 2001

Four lignan xylosides and two neolignan glycosides were isolated from the stem and root barks of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica. Their structures were identified as lyoniside, nudiposide, 5'-methoxyisolarciresinol-9'-O-$\beta$- D-xylopyranoside, isolariciresiol-9'-O-$\beta$-D-xylopyranoside, rel-trans-dihydrodehydroconiferyl alcohol 4'-O-$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranoside and icariside E3 by comparison of their spectral data with those reported in the literatures, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 2002

Pollen analyses and $^{14}$ C dating of the sediments of the Akindonuma moor, which is situated in a closed depression of an old landslide, were peformed in order to study the vegetation history of the montane zone of the Miyagi Prefecture, Northeast Japan. The main results are as follows: Two forest zones have been distinguished: 1) the A-I zone, or the Fagus-Quercus-Betula forest (R I stage, before about 11,700 yrs B.P.), and 2) the A-II zone, or the Fagus-Quercus forest (R II stage, after about 11,700 yrs B.P.). By comparing the geological section with the pollen diagram of the moor, it is assumed that the deposit environment of the Middle Part, which mostly consists of peat layers, is very stable. During the period, the Ulmus/Zelfkova pollen ratio was very low and small peak was not recognized. According to the preceding research, theme is a close relationship between the fluctuation of the Ulmus/Zelkova pollen ratio and the general trend of hillslope instability in the changing balance of temporature and precipitation Actually, Zelkova serrata tends to cover the footslope and the lower sideslope. Ulmus davidiana covers the footslope and the alluvial cone. Therefore, the fact that the Ulmus/Zeikova pollen ratio was very low and small peak was not recognized, is believed to reflect the stability of the earth's surface environment, which was estimated from the geological section.