• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제44권12호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 MMIC 응용을 위한 dielectric-supported air-gapped microstrip line (DAML) 구조를 이용하여 dual-mode stepped impedance 링 공진기를 설계 제작하였다. 링 공진기는 표면 마이크로머시닝 기술을 이용하여 만들어졌다. DAML ring resonator는 다층구조로써 공기중에 위치한 신호선과 MMIC 응용에 적합하도록 CPW가 한 평면에 구성되 있으며 DAML-CPW 트랜지션이 자유로운게 특징이다. DAML 링 공진기는 $10{\mu}m$ 높이로 GaAs 기판 으로부터 띄어져 있다. 대역통과 여파기는 dual-mode 공진을 하며 stepped impedance 이용한 구조이다. 측정결과로 중심주파수 97 GHz에선 감쇠특성은 15 dB, 삽입손실은 2.65 dB를 보였으며, 상대 대역폭은 12 %를 나타냈다. 이같은 구조의 대역통과 여파기는 MMIC 와의 직접화에 유리하다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.317-327
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• 2014

마한과 백제유적에서 출토되는 철기는 철도, 철모, 철촉이 주를 이루고 있다. 철모의 경우 개인 병기라는 실용기의 특징이 있으며 환두대도의 경우 환두부분의 장식으로 인해 의장용으로써의 비실용기라는 특징이 있다. 공주 수촌리유적은 백제의 중앙과 지방의 묘제가 혼재하고 있는 유적으로 환두대도, 대도, 철모가 함께 출토되었다. 이들을 금속학적으로 분석하여 기능 및 제작기술에 대해 연구하였다. 위세품으로 추정되는 4세기 후반의 환두대도는 당시 최고 기술수준으로 여겨지는 담금질과 고체침탄의 제강기술을 이용하여 제작된 반면 같은 시기의 실용기인 철모에는 이러한 기술이 적용되지 않았다. 그러나 5세기에 이르러 실용기인 철모에도 담금질과 고체침탄기술이 적용된 것을 볼 수 있다. 이는 4세기 대 백제의 중앙은 우수한 철기 제작 기술을 보유하고 있던 것으로 볼 수 있으며, 지방세력도 이러한 기술을 보유하고 있었다 하더라도 다량 제작하여 무기로 활용하는 철모에는 이러한 기술을 적용하지 않은 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 사여품으로 추정되는 환두대도는 백제 중앙의 철기 제작기술체계가 적용되었으며 착장형 병기인 철모는 지방 세력의 기술체계가 적용되었을 가능성이 크다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.450-455
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 기존의 TE(transverse excitation) 방식과 달리 LE(longitudinal excitation) 방식을 사용하여 유전체 표면을 따라 발생하는 미끄럼 방전에 의해서도 질소레이저 발진이 가능함을 보였다. 이는 방전여기 방식인 엑시머 레이저 등의 기체 레이저에서도 미끄럼 방전을 이용한 레이저 발진이 가능함을 의미한다. 또한, 레이저빔의 형상이 공진기의 원둘레를 따라 발진이 되어 빔이 환 모양으로 출력이 됨을 보임에 따라 직사각형이나 타원형의 빔 등 폐곡선을 이루는 어떤 특정한 형태의 질소레이저 빔도 만들어 낼 수 있다는 가능성을 보였다. 레이저의 동작특성인 출력과 안정성은 TE 방식에 비해서도 뒤떨어지지 않는 다는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 공진기의 지름이 2배 증가하면 미끄럼 방전이 일어나는 표면이 2배, 체적은 4배 증가하여 그에 따른 방전간극과 유동률이 비례관계에 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2003

This paper proposes a new LDMOSFET structure with a trenched sinker for high-power RF amplifiers. Using a low-temperature, deep-trench technology, we succeeded in drastically shrinking the sinker area to one-third the size of the conventional diffusion-type structure. The RF performance of the proposed device with a channel width of 5 mm showed a small signal gain of 16.5 dB and a maximum peak power of 32 dBm with a power-added efficiency of 25% at 2 GHz. Furthermore, the trench sinker, which was applied to the guard ring to suppress coupling between inductors, showed an excellent blocking performance below -40 dB at a frequency of up to 20 GHz. These results confirm that the proposed trenched sinker should be an effective technology both as a compact sinker for RF power devices and as a guard ring against coupling.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.286-291
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• 2014

In this study, novel ultrasonic rotary motor of hexadecagon shape stator was proposed. Stator of the hexadecagon ultrasonic motor was composed of an elastic ring and ceramics. The elastic ring had sixteen sides and sixteen angular points. Eight ceramics were attached on the outer surface of the eight sides of the ring. When rotor of cylindrical shaft was inserted inside of the ring stator, central lines of the sixteen sides of the stator hold the shaft by the slight pressures(frictions). This slight pressure was a preload of the motor and it could be controlled by radius and thickness of the ring. When two sinusoidal voltages which have 90 degree phase difference were applied to each four ceramics, elliptical displacements of inner surface of the ring were obtained. These elliptical displacements of the inner surface rotated the shaft rotor through the frictions. The proposed hexadecagon ultrasonic motor was designed and analyzed by using the finite element method (FEM), depending on materials of the elastic ring. Based on the FEM results, one model of motor which showed maximum displacement at contact points was chosen and fabricated. And characteristics of the motor were compared with simulated results. When the motor was fabricated with these results, EL20ET0.5CT0.5CW2 model showed 115[rpm] speed about input voltage of 60[Vrms] at 65.6[kHz]. And the maximum torque of 6[gfcm] was obtained. From these results, the hexadecagon shaped ultrasonic motor can be used to actuator for optical device which needs detailed position control. Also it can be used to medical and portable device by reducing size and weight.

• KSTLE International Journal
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2001

A resin bonded copper-graphite brush was investigated to evaluate the characteristics electrical signal transmission through a sliding contact as a function of the relative amount of graphite and copper in the brush. Particular attention was given to the correlation between electrical signal fluctuation and tribological properties in an electrical sliding contact system. A ring-on-block type tribotester was used for this experiment and the ring was made from pure copper. Results showed that a copper-graphite brush at a particular composition range exhibited the most stable frictional behavior with a minimum voltage drop. The amount of voltage drop at the friction interface was affected by the surface roughness, transfer film formation at the friction interface, and the real area of contact. Microscopic observations and the surface analysis showed a good agreement with the results from this experiment. The results also indicated that the electrical signal flunctuation was directly associated with the oscillation of the coefficient of friction during sliding by nanoscale variation of contacts at the friction interface.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.836-844
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• 2011

Purpose: Hands are the chief organs for physically manipulating the environment, using anywhere from the roughest motor skills to the finest, and since the fingertips contain some of the densest areas of nerve endings on the human body, they are continuously used organ with complex functions, and therefore, often gets injured. To prevent any functional loss, a detailed anatomical knowledge is required to have a perfect surgical treatment. Also it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of arrangements of the human extensor tendons and intertendinous connections when tenoplasty or tendon transfer is required. We performed a study of the arrangements of the human extensor tendons and the configuration of the intertendinous connections over the dorsum of the wrist and hand. Methods: A total of 58 hands from Korean cadavers were dissected. The arrangements of extensor indicis proprius, extensor digitorum communis, and extensor digiti minimi tendons and intertendinous connections were studied. Results: The most common distribution patterns of the extensor tendons of the fingers were as follows: a single extensor indicis proprius (EIP) tendon which inserted ulnar to the extensor digitorum-index (EDC-index); a single EDC-index; a single EDC-middle; a double EDC-ring; an absent EDC-little; a double extensor digiti minimi (EDM), a single EDC-index (98.3%), a single EDC-middle (62%), a double EDC-ring (50%), and an absent (65.5%) or a single (32.8%) EDC-little. A double (70.6%) EDM tendons were seen. Intertendinous connections were classified into 3 types: type 1 with thin filamentous type, type 2 with a thick filamentous type, and type 3 with a tendinous type subdivided to r shaped 3r type and y shaped 3y type. The most common patterns were type 1 in the 2nd intermetacarpal space, type 2 in the 3rd intermetacarpal space, and type 3r in the 4th intermetacarpal space. And in the present study, we observed one case of the extensor digitorum brevis manus (EDBM) on the boht side. Conclusion: A knowledge of both the usual and possible variations of the extensor tendon and the intertendinous connection is useful in the identification and repair of these structures.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2007

Traffic grooming, in which low-rate circuits are multiplexed onto wavelengths, with the goal of minimizing the number of add-drop multiplexers (ADMs) and wavelengths has received much research attention from the optical networking community in recent years. While previous work has considered various traffic models and network architectures, protection requirements of the circuits have not been considered. In this paper, we consider survivable traffic grooming, or grooming traffic which contains a mix of circuits that need protection and that do not need protection. We assume a unidirectional ring network with all-to-all symmetric traffic with $t\geq1$ circuits between each node pair, of which s require protection. As it turns out, survivable traffic grooming presents a significant tradeoff between the number of wavelengths and the number of ADMs, which is almost non-existent in non-survivable traffic grooming for this type of traffic. We explore this tradeoff for some specific cases in this paper. We also present some new results and solution methods for solving certain non-survivable traffic grooming problems.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.159-172
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• 2011

A designated verifier signature is a special type of digital signature, which convinces a designated verifier that she has signed a message in such a way that the designated verifier cannot transfer the signature to a third party. A strong designated verifier signature scheme enhances the privacy of the signer such that no one but the designated verifier can verify the signer's signatures. In this paper we present two generic frame works for constructing strong designated verifier signature schemes from any secure ring signature scheme and any deniable one-pass authenticated key exchange protocol, respectively. Compared with similar protocols, the instantiations of our construction achieve improved efficiency.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권4B호
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• pp.323-332
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 FT-TR(Fixed Transmitter-Tunable Receiver) 형 액세스 노드를 사용하여 광대역 액세스 망을 연결하는 파장 분할 다중화 (Wavelength Division Multiplexing; WDM)기반의 메트로(metro) 링에서 공정한 전송을 위한 MAC 프로토콜을 제안한다. 기본적인 채널 액세스 방식은 CSMA/CA(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance)이며 메트로 링을 순환한 전송된 슬롯은 SS(Source-Stripping) 방식으로 패킷이 제거되어 빈 슬롯이 된다. 빈 슬롯은 바로 패킷 전송에 이용되거나 다음 액세스 노드에 그대로 전송될 수 있는데, 전자는 망의 처리율은 향상되나 공정성에 문제가 발생되며 후자는 공정성은 향상되나 처리율이 낮은 단점을 갖는다. 따라서 제안된 MAC 프로토콜은 전자와 후자의 장점을 이용한다 제안된 프로토콜은 p-Persistent MAC 프로토콜로서 파장 채널을 공유하는 액세스 노드는 하향 액세스 노드에게도 빈 슬롯을 이용하도록 확률적으로 전송 기회를 주고, 상향 액세스 노드의 무조건적인 빈 슬롯 사용을 확률적으로 억제하는 방식이다. 수치적 분석을 통하여 제안된 프로토콜에 대한 대역 효율성과 최대 노드 처리율을 분석하고 시뮬레이션을 통하여 확률에 따른 노드 처리율, 전송 공정성, 전송 지연 등의 다양한 결과를 분석한다. 또한 FT-TR 형 액세스 노드인 FT-FRn (Fixed Transmitter-nFixed Receivers)과 FT-TR 구조로 메트로 망을 구성하여 제안된 MAC 프로토콜을 비교 평가한다.