• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.467-476
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 라운드 함수의 업데이트 함수로 SP 구조를 사용하고 비밀 S-box가 적용된 GFN(Generalized Feistel Networks) Type I, Type II, Type III에 대한 안전성을 분석한다. 이 환경에서 공격자는 S-box에 대한 정보를 갖지 못한다. 인테그랄 공격 기법(Integral attack) 기반의 선택 평문 공격으로 9 라운드(Type I), 6 라운드(Type II), 6라운드(Type III)에 대한 비밀 S-box 정보를 복구할 수 있다. 선택 암호문 공격으로 전환할 경우 GFN Type I의 16 라운드까지 비밀 S-box의 정보가 복구된다. 결론적으로 m비트 비밀 S-box와 $k{\times}k$ MDS 행렬이 라운드 함수로 사용된 GFN Type I, Type II, Type III에 대하여 비밀 S-box를 복구하는데 ${\frac{2^{3m}}{32k}},{\frac{2^{3m}}{24k}},{\frac{2^{3m}}{36k}}$만큼의 시간복잡도가 필요하다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.553-560
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• 1999

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) membrane exposure on the initial healing of the periodontal tissue in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) procedure. 90 sites selected from 90 patients were treated with gingival flap surgery supported by an e-PTFE membrane. The material included angular bony defects with probing attachment loss of > 5mm or degree II furcation involvement. Treated sites were classified with membrane exposure group and non-exposure group at membrane removal and evaluated healing type. The results were obtained as follows. 1. e-PTFE membrane was exposed at 61 sites (67.8%) among 90 sites. 2. Thirteen sites (14.4%) depicted rapid healing type, 65 sites (72.2%) depicted typical healing type, 9 sites (10%) showed delayed healing type and 3 sites (3.3%) were categorized as adversed healing type. 3. In e-PTFE membrane exposure group, 1 site (1.6%), 51 sites (83.6%), 6 sites (9.8%) and 3 sites (4.9%) showed rapid healing type, typical healing type, delayed healing type and adverse healing type respectively. 4. In e-PTFE membrane non-exposure group, 12 sites (41.3%), 14 sites (48.3%) and 3 sites (10.3%) showed rapid healing type, typical healing type and delayed healing type respectively. Adverse healing type was not observed. 5. The rate of favourable healing between e-PTFE membrane exposure group and non-exposure group was not statistically significant(p=0.56). These results suggest that the prevention of membrane exposure may be important to obtain rapid healing type. However favourable healing could be obtained with stringent infection control program even if membrane was exposed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.36-47
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 의료정보 광고를 인식하는 대학생들의 주관성을 진단하고, 기능적인 측면에서 세부적인 유형적 효과요인들을 확인하여 향후 개선과 방향성을 알아보고자 한다. 또한 대학생들의 의료정보 광고에 관한 주관적 성향을 살펴보기 위해서 Q방법론을 이용하였다. 분석된 결과, 총 5가지의 유형, 즉, 제 1유형[(N=4) : 관심형(Interest Type)], 제 2유형[(N=3) : 비교형(comparison Type)], 제 3유형[(N=3) : 제품중심형(Product-focus Type)], 제 4유형[(N=3) : 불신형(Disbelief Type)], 제 5유형[(N=2) : 개선형(Improvement Type)] 등으로 분류되었다. 향후, 계량적인 실증적 연구와 소비자들의 의견을 종합한 비교와 대안책이 추가된다면, 대학생들의 의료정보 광고에 관한 주관성에 관한 보다 심도 있고, 함의있는 연구결과를 확인하는데 의미를 두고 있다.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2012

흉 요추 보조기는 후만증 관련 증상의 진행을 예방하고 통증을 완화시키기 위한 목적으로 노인성 후만증 환자의 재활을 위하여 이용되고 있다. 최근 다양한 형태의 흉 요추 보조기가 개발되고 있으나 생체역학적 효과에 관한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 세 가지 형태 (Type 1, one-connecting frame type; Type 2, two-connecting frame type; Type 3, all-in-one type)의 흉 요추 보조기와 몸통 (trunk)의 유한요소 모델을 구현하여 보조기 착용 후 운동성 변화에 따른 몸통에서의 압력 분포 및 보조기의 응력을 비교 분석하였다. 신전 운동 시 몸통에서 확인되는 압력의 분산은 일체형의 형태를 가지는 Type 3에 의해서 가장 고르게 이루어졌으며 connecting frame 형태의 Type 1과 Type 2의 압력 분포 패턴은 크게 차이가 나지 않았다. 보조기 착용에 따른 몸통의 운동성은 Type 2 ($11.3{\sim}13.9^{\circ}$), Type 1 ($12.1{\sim}15.4^{\circ}$)와 비교하여 Type 3 ($8.5{\sim}9.4^{\circ}$)에 의하여 가장 크게 제한되었다. 모든 Type의 보조기는 20% 미만의 파단 가능성을 보였다. 따라서, 보조기 착용에 따른 등압 분포 및 운동성의 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 일체형의 흉 요추 보조기가 후만증 환자 재활에 있어 높은 효과를 제공할 것으로 사료된다.

• 복식
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.145-159
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to classify body type for ready-to-wear sizes. The subjects were 300 women ages of 18-24. they were measured direct anthropometry. The body types for sizing system were divided by Rohrer Index. KS drop value and ISO drop value. The results of this study were as follows. 1. By adapting the Rohrer Index. we classify 3 types from anthropometric measurements. The thin type covered 39.3%, the standard type 51.0% and the obesity type 18.7%. The characteristics of clusters were as follows. Thin type was characterized by tall. slender type and slim. The standard type was characterized by middle sized. The obesity type was characterized by short. fat type. and large bust. 2. By adapting the KS system drop value. we classify 3 types from anthropometric measurements. The H type(drop 0) covered 25.6%. the N type(drop 6) 65.2% and the A type(drop 12) 9.2%. Type H was slightly tall large bust. and curved from waist to hip. Type A was slightly thin. large hip and smaller bust than type N. Principal factor components were bust size. The height could be divided into three groups. The Petite(l50cm) covered 5.5%. the Regular(l60cm) 64.7% and the Tall(l70cm) 29.8%. Through the crosstab of height and body type. we extracted regular height by N type 46.2% the largest cell. The body type was the higher order of N type. H type and A type. The tall was the higher order of Regular. Tall and Petite. 3. By adapting the ISO system drop value. we classify 3 types from anthropometric measurements. The H type(drop 0) covered 15.0%. the M type(drop 6) 41.0% and the A type(drop 12) 44.0%. Type H was slightly short. slightly fat and large bust. Type A was slightly tall. slight thin than type M. The height could be divided into three groups. We adjust the height section after allow for height distribution. The Short(152cm) covered 12.8%. the Regular(160cm) 66.9% and the Long(168cm) 20.3%. Through the crosstab of height and body type, we extracted regular height by M type 29.3% the largest cell. The body type was the higher order of M type, A type and H type. The tall was the higher order of Regular, Long and short.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.29-32
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• 2004

Fully depleted Silicon-on-Insulator (FD-SOI) devices lead to better electrical characteristics than bulk CMOS devices. However, the presence of a thin top silicon layer and a buried SiO2 layer causes self-heating due to the low thermal conductivity of the buried oxide. The electrical characteristics of FDSOI devices strongly depend on the path of heat dissipation. In this paper, we present a new three-dimensional (3-D) analysis technique for the self-heating effect of the finger-type and bar-type transistors. The 3-D analysis results show that the drain current of the finger-type transistor is 14.7% smaller than that of the bar-type transistor due to the 3-D self-heating effect. We have learned that the rate of current degradation increases significantly when the width of a transistor is smaller that a critical value in a finger-type layout. The current degradation fro the 3-D structures of the finger-type and bar-type transistors is investigated and the design issues are also discussed.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.1163-1170
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• 2010

We study finite type curve in $R^3$(-3) which lies in a cylinder $N^2$(c). Baikousis and Blair proved that a Legendre curve in $R^3$(-3) of constant curvature lies in cylinder $N^2$(c) and is a 1-type curve, conversely, a 1-type Legendre curve is of constant curvature. In this paper, we will prove that a 1-type curve lying in a cylinder $N^2$(c) has a constant curvature. Furthermore we will prove that a curve in $R^3$(-3) which lies in a cylinder $N^2$(c) is finite type if and only if the curve is 1-type.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1991

카스테라의 물리특성을 조사하기 위해 구주 지방의 시판 카스테라 19종을 관능 검사에 의해 3종류로 분류해서 이들의 물성을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 5단계 평정 척도법에 의한 관능검사에서 비교적 카스테라 답다고 평가된 것 (A type), 스폰지 케익답다고 평가된 것 (C type)과 그 중간적인 것 (B type)의 3종으로 구분이 가능하였다. 2) Texture측정에 의해 A의 경도가 가장 높고, B 및 C는 A에 비해 22∼35% 낮은 경향이며, 응집성 및 탄력성은 3 type 간에 그다지 차가 없음을 알 수 있다. 3) Creep에 대해서, 3 type 모두 5요소 Voigt형 점탄성 모형이었다. A의 순간탄성부는 B 및 C에 대해 각각 13∼16% 높고, 경도와 동양의 결과를 보였다. A의 지연 변형부는 B에 대해 21∼41% 낮으며, C에 대해 8∼13% 높고 정상 점성부도 지연변형부와 동양의 경향을 나타내었다. 4) 특히 카스테라 답다고 평가된 A type의 저장에 관해서, creep의 역학 모형은 변함없이 6요소이고, 그 정수는 진공포장되어 있지 않는 것의 변화가 큰 것을 알 수 있다. 한편 본 보고의 요지는 일본 가정학회 1991년도 제 43차 대회에서 발표했다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1994

Dental calculus which is calcifing and/or calcified dental plaque is divided into supragingival calculus and subgingival calculus according to the position of deposit to gingival margin. Subgingival calculus has more important clinical significance in diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease than supragingival calculus. In order to investigate the deposition pattern of subgingival calculus on each root surface of different tooth type, extracted 192 teeth due to excessive destruction of periodontal tissue were divided according to tooth type and the deposition pattern of subgingival calculus was classified into linear type, veneer type, scattered type, and aggregated type according to the configuration and the extent of deposit. The difference of percentage between each deposition pattern was statistically analyzed by Chi-Square test. Following results were obtained : l. In maxillary incisors, linear type and aggregated type were predominant deposition pattern of subgingival calculus on labial(45.5%, 36.4%) and palatal(36.4%, 36.4%) root surface, aggreated type(72.7%) was on mesial surface, and aggregated type(54.5%) and scattered type(36.4%) was on distal suface. 2. In mandibular incisors, scattered type, linear type and aggregated type were predominant deposition pattern of subgingival calculus on labial(33.3%, 30.6%, 27.8%) and lingual(36.1%, 30.6%, 25.0%) root surface, aggregated type(33.3%), scattered type(27.8% ), and veneer type(27.8%) were on mesial surface, and aggregated type(38.9%) and scattered type(33.3%) on distal surface. 3. In maxillary peremolars, the predominant deposition patterns of subgingival calculus were linear type(28.6%) on buccal root suface, scattered type(35.7%) and linear type(28.6%) on palatal surface, scattered type(39.3%) on mesial surface, aggregated type(46.4%) on distal surface, and aggregated type(53.6%) on furcation area. 4. In mandibular premolars, scattered type was predominant deposition pattern of subgingival calculus on buccal(39.3%) and lingual(50.0%) root surface, scattered type(32.1%) and aggregated type(32.1% ) were on mesial surface, and aggregated type(42.9%) was on distal surface. 5. In maxillary molars, aggregated type(40.0%) and scattered type(32.5%) were predominat deposition pattern of subgingival calculus on buccal root surface, aggregated type was on distal(40.0%) and furcation area(50.0%), but there was no predominat pattern on palatal and mesial root surfaces. 6. In mandibular molars, aggregated type(39.5%) and scattered type(28.9%) were predominant deposition patterns of subgingival calculus on buccal root surface, aggregated type(36.8%) was on lingual surface, linear type(39.5%) and aggregated type(34.2%) were on furcation area, but there was no predominant pattern on mesial and distal root surfaces.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.635-646
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• 2018

본 연구는 미쉐린 가이드 레스토랑 이용고객에 대한 주관적 인식을 파악하고자 서울직역 외식경영학과 대학원생을 대상으로 Q방법론을 적용하였다. 분석결과, 6가지 유형으로 도출되었다. 구체적으로, 제 1유형(N=3) : 레스토랑 위생 추구형(Restaurant hygiene-seeking type), 제 2유형(N=6) : 레스토랑 맛 추구형(Restaurant taste-seeking type), 제 3유형(N=5) : 레스토랑 가격 비교 선택형(Select Restaurant Compare Prices type), 제 4유형(N=3) : 레스토랑 가격대비 맛 추구형(Pursuing taste for restaurant price type), 제 5유형(N=2) : 레스토랑 풀 서비스 선호형(Restaurant full service select type), 제 6유형(N=3) : 레스토랑 메뉴구성 선택형(Restaurant menu configuration Select)으로 각 각 독특한 특징의 유형으로 분석되었다. 향후 미쉐린 가이드 레스토랑에 관한 연구에서는 많은 문헌과 실증연구를 바탕으로 보다 세밀한 Q방법론적인 질문과 분석기법으로 수정 보완하여, 응답자들의 다양한 의견을 보다 구체적이며 객관적으로 분석하고자 한다.