• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.399-413
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• 1990

This descriptive study was under taken to explore relationships among the quality of life, health locus of control and perceived state of health persons with cancer to contribute theoretical understanding about these phenomenon of interest to the quality of nursing care. The subjects of this were 200 persons with cancer (100- in patients and 100- out patients), both male and female, between 30 and 59 years of age. Data were obtained using a convenience sample technique from two university hospitals in seoul from August, 1989, to June, 1990. The instruments used for this study were the Quality of life scale developed by Ro, You - Ja and the Health Locus of Control scale developed by Wallston & Wallston. Data were analyzed using a SAS program for ANOVA, t-test, Schefffe test, Pearson Correlation Coefficients and Stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows : 1. The scores on the quality of life scale ranged from 95 to 191 with as mean of 147.85(range 47 to 235). The Mean scores(range 1-5) on the different dimensions were family relationships 3.50, relationships with neighbours 3.48, self - esteem 3.17, physical state and function 2.99, economic life 2.93 and emotional life 2.91. 2. Significantly higher scores on the quality of life and demographic characteristics were as follows : the quality of life for women(t＝2.80, p＝ .006), for those without complications(t＝2.54, p＝ .013), and for those who perceived their illness as mild(F＝4.85, p＝ .009). Higher scores on quality of life were correlated with the following : 1) emotional state and the age group 50-59(F＝3.43, p＝ .34). 2) economic life and higher income(F＝6.72, p＝ .002), those without complications(t＝2.68, p＝ .00), and those who perceived their illness as mild(F＝3.11, p＝ .05). 3) self-esteem and marriage(F＝3.64, p＝.028), those without complications(t＝2.18, p＝.03), and those who perceived their illness as mild(F＝7.72, p＝.000). 4) physical state and funciton and the age group 30-39(F＝4.65, p＝.010), those without complications (t＝2.00, p＝.05), and those who perceived their illness as mild(F＝3.38, p＝.04). 5) family relationship and those who live with their spouse(t＝2.82, p＝.005). 3. There was a significant positive correlation between the subjects perceptions of their current state of health and the quality of life score(r＝.4364, p＝.0001). 4. There was no relationship between Locus of control and quality of life in this sample. 5. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that: 1) the perception of current health status was the main predictor and accounted for 20.11% of the total variance. 2) sex and educational level accounted for an additional 21.71% of the total variance. 6. The quality of life and the perception of their current health status of these patients with cancer were generally lower than those of healthy adults as noted in previous studies. In conclusion, the quality of life for these cancer patients was generally low especially in regard to their emotional state. The current perceived state of health, sex, complications and perceived degree of illness were important variables relatiog to quality of life.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.300-306
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• 2013

연구 목적: 임상에서 가장 보편적으로 사용되는 기계식 토크 조절기를 선택하여 토크 조절기를 사용하는 방법에 따라서 제조사에서 권장하는 토크를 적용하고 유지하는데 정확도의 차이가 있는지를 비교, 분석하고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 36개월을 사용한 3개 제조회사 제품의 토크 최대값 제한 장치 형태의 기계식 토크 조절기를 대상으로 하였다. 토크 조절기를 사용할 때마다 핸들 부위를 조이고 사용 후에는 핸들 부위를 풀어서 토크 조절기 내부의 스프링이 압축력에 의해 변형되는 것을 막고자 한 그룹과 토크 조절기를 사용 후에도 핸들 부위를 풀어내지 않고 토크 조절기 내부의 스프링이 압축력 하에 유지되게 사용한 그룹으로 나누어, 총 6개의 토크 조절기를 이용하여 풀림 토크를 측정하였다. 반복 측정에 따른 풀림 토크값의 차이를 비교하기 위해 repeated measures of ANOVA test (${\alpha}=.05$)를 사용하였고, 사용 방법의 차이에 따른 두 그룹간의 비교를 위해 독립표본 t-검정(Independent sample t-test)을 시행하였다. 결과:모든 실험군에서 반복 측정에 따라 풀림 토크값이 유의성 있게 감소하는 것으로 나타났고(P<.05), 사용 방법에 따른 두 그룹 간에 풀림 토크값은 유의한 차이가 있었다. 결론: 토크 조절기를 사용한 뒤 다시 핸들부분을 풀어서 토크 조절기 내부의 스프링이 압축력에 의해 변형되는 것을 막고 스프링의 복원력을 회복한 그룹은 그렇게 사용하지 않은 그룹과 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 관찰됐고, 기준 토크값(30 Ncm)에 좀 더 가까운 풀림 토크값을 보였다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제13권2호통권20호
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• pp.121-125
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• 2007

Background and Purpose : The purpose of this study was done to investigate what kinds of statistical techniques have been used to analyze data from oriental medicine research Methods : 135 original articles which used statistical techniques in their data analysis were selected from the articles published in The Journal of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine(JKIOM) between 1995 to 2007. Results : Among 135 articles, 59 articles used descriptive statistics while 76 articles used inferential statistics for data analysis. For that 76 articles, two-sample t-test(33 articles), analysis of variance(29 articles), regression(9 articles), chi-square test(5 articles), nonparametic test(4 articles), Fisher's exact test(3 articles), and other test(9 articles) were chosen to analyze the data. SAS and SPSS statistical softwares(82.50%) were mostly used to analyze the data. Nonparametic tests were used to 4 articles(6.97%) of 67 articles and parametic tests were used to 63 articles(93.03%) of 67 articles. Among 29 articles used analysis of variance, duncan(8 articles), dunnet(4 articles), bonferroni(4 articles), turkey(3 articles), scheff(1 article) were used to do multiple comparison. 9 articles did not carry out the multiple comparison. Conclusions : It was found that the frequencies of statistical package used and statistical analysis used were not much by now. High level statistical analyses were not used most for oriental medicine research.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.448-460
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate risk factors for senile dementia as well as care givers' stresses and thier needs for nursing care. It was done using a retrospective survey. A convenience sample or In senile dementia patients and l20 nor-mal elders in a rural area was used. The tools used in the study were the MMSE-K(Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea) for dementia screening test and a questionaire developed by the research team. Data were collected through home visits by Com-munity Health Practitioners. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, T-test, and Chi-square test. The findings are as follows : 1. There were significant differences in age, marital status, and religions between the two groups. 2. There was a significant difference in smoling behavior between the two groups. 3. There was a significant difference in past his-tory of cancer between groups. 4. There was a significant difference in past and present elderftmily relationship between the two groups. 5. There were significant differences in intellectual activities, assuming major role in family and seeking other's help in daily life troubles between the two groups. 6. There were significant differences in stress factors such as child problem, family conflict, health problem and illegal behavior between the two groups. 7. The major problems out by families in caring for dementia patient were catastrophic reactions, dirtiness, mood change, devouring and tremor. The most serious problems faced by families was dirtiness. with catastrophic reactions, sleep distrubance, changeableness, and a suspcio-usness following. The care givers expressed chronic fatigue, anxiety, tension, depression, disorder in daily life, shamefulness, blame from neighbours and guiltiness. 8. There is need for geriatric hospitals, nursing homes, burden sharing, and counselling or education for family care givers. A replicate study in the urban area is recommended to validate the findings of this study. To explore the impact of stress in life and ‘han’ on senile dementia, a qualitative study is recommended.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.171-181
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of curl-up and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) neck flexion exercises on stroke patients' trunk muscle activity, ability to control the trunk, and balance by comparing two exercise methods. Methods : The study involved patients who had been diagnosed with stroke based on the results of computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging at O Hospital in Daegu, South Korea, between January and July 2020. In total, 30 subjects were selected and by flipping a coin, randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=15) that performed PNF neck flexion exercises and a control group (n=15) that performed curl-up exercises. Both groups received traditional rehabilitation therapy for 30 minutes a day five times a week for a six-week period. In addition, the experimental group performed PNF neck flexion exercises and the control group curl-up exercises for 15 minutes a day five times a week over the same period. The subjects' muscle activity in the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO) were measured before and after the experiment. The subjects' trunk impairment scale (TIS) and Berg balance scale (BBS) scores were also assessed. Paired t test was performed to measure the amount of statistical change before and after intervention in both groups. An independent sample T test was performed to measure the amount of statistical change between the two groups. Results : Both groups experienced statistically significant increases in their RA, IO and EO muscle activity, total TIS scores, and total BBS scores after the intervention. No statistically significant differences in the changes before and after the intervention were found for any of the resulting values between the two groups. Conclusion : A comprehensive review of the study's results suggested that neck flexion exercises using the PNF irradiation concept and curl-up exercise are effective in increasing stroke patients' abdominal muscle activity and improving trunk control ability and balance in chronic stroke patients.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.595-607
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 일반 영상의 가우시안 잡음 제거에 유용한 Non-Local Means 필터를 이용하여 웨이블렛 도메인 상에서 SAR 영상의 스펙클 잡음제거 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 먼저 승법 잡음인 스펙클 잡음을 로그를 취해 가법 잡음으로 변환한 후 웨이블렛 분해하고 고주파 혹은 저주파 서브밴드에 따라 Non-Local Means 필터와 웨이블렛 임계값 처리(wavelet thresholding)를 선택적으로 적용하고 지수형태를 취해 원영상으로 복원함으로서 잡음을 제거한다. 또한, Non-Local Means 필터의 단점인 수행시간을 단축시키기 위해 통계적 t-검정을 이용하여 개선하고자 한다. 영상실험을 통한 성능평가 결과 제안된 필터는 정성적인 비교와 PSNR과 DSSIM을 통한 정량적인 비교 모두 기존의 필터보다 우수한 성능을 보였다. 통계적 t-검정을 이용해 개선된 방법은 빠른 계산 속도와 더 나은 성능을 나타냈다.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.115-118
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• 2004

목적: 정상 성인과 상부관절와순 병변으로 진단된 환자들의 내, 외회전 운동각을 측정하고 이들간의 차이를 통계학적으로 비교 분석하고자 하였다 대상 및 방법: 저자들은 견관절경술을 통해 상부관절와순 병변으로 확인 된 38례(제1군)와 대조군으로는 40명(제2군)의 젊은 지원자를 대상으로 하여 수술 중 기록한 사진과 녹화된 동영상 그리고 관절 운동에 대해 분석 하였다. 관절 운동의 측정 방법은 1군은 마취 후에 앙와위 상태에서 견갑골 고정하에 외전 90도 상태에서 수동적으로 내회전과 외회전의 각도를 각각 측정 하였고 2군도 동일한 방법으로 수동적 관절 운동의 범위를 측정하였다. 각각의 결과는 Two sample T-test와 Wisconsin signed ranks test로 통계학적 비교 분석 하였다. 결과: 제1군과 2군 간에는 통계학적으로 의미 있는 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 제1군의 관절 운동 범위는 내회전평균 50도, 외회전 평균 터도, 제2군의 관절 운동 범위는 내회전 평균 7「도, 외회전 평균90도 이상으로 양 군간에통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(내회전 : p(0.001, 외회전 ; p(0.001).결론: 상부관절와순 병변이 있는 환자의 수동적 외회전 및 내회전은 대조군에 비해 통계학적으로 의미 있게 감소되어 있으며 이는 상부관절와순 병변과 밀접한 관련이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.756-764
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aromatherapy on dysmenorrhea, menstrual pain, anxiety, and depression in female college students. Methods: A two-group cross-over design was used. The sample included a total of 20 female students who were enrolled in a 3 year nursing program. The treatments(aroma essential oil inhalation and the placebo inhalation) were given using a necklace. The data were analyzed by $x^2$-test, paired t-test, and Mann-Whitney test using SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Results: The level of dysmenorrhea after the aroma treatment was not significantly different from the dysmenorrhea levels at pre-test and after the post-placebo treatment. The menstrual pain, anxiety and depression significantly improved after the aroma treatment. However, the levels of pain, anxiety, and depression after the aroma treatment were not significantly different from those after the placebo treatment. Conclusion: Aroma inhalation may be a effective in managing menstrual pain, anxiety, and depression. In order to further clarify the effect of aroma treatment on discomfort during menstruation, replication studies are necessary. Future studies need to examine the effects of different types of essential oils, administrating methods, and the lasting time of aroma treatment effect.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to examine the effect of postpartum exercise on mental health. Mental health comprises a 9 symptom dimension of Somatization, Obsessive-Compulsive, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Depression, Anxiety, Hostility, Phobic anxiety, Paranoid Ideation, and Psychoticism. Method: A non-equivalent pre-test, post-test control group study was conducted. Fifty-two puerperal women who were admitted to a postpartum ward of a mother-baby clinic in Pusan were recruited; 26 women were assigned to the experimental group and 26 women to the control group. Postpartum exercise was applied to the experimental group from postpartum day 3 for a period of 8 weeks while no exercise program was applied to the control group. Mental health with SCL-90-R was measured before and after exercise. Data was analyzed using mean, $x^2$-test, t-test, and ANOVA by SPSS 10.0. Result: The mental health status in the exercise group did not show a statistically significant decrease when compared to that of the control group. Conclusion: There is no effect of postpartum exercise on women's mental health during the first 8 weeks of the postpartum period. Further studies are needed for randomized clinical trials with a larger sample size.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.495-510
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• 2014

This study examines the relationship between social support with adult children and neighbors on the life satisfaction of elderly individuals in rural areas. The analysis employed a sample of 764 elderly individuals residing in rural area. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, a chi-square test, a t-test, and a multiple regression analysis. First, the respondents reported moderate life satisfaction. Those respondents living alone were less likely to report life satisfaction than those with a spouse. Second, the respondents were more likely to be in contact with their neighbors than their adult children. Third, the respondents were more likely to receive social support from adult children than provide it to them. By contrast, the respondents were more likely to provide social support to neighbors than receive it from them. Fourth, economic status and contact with adult children and neighbors had signigicant effects on the life satisfaction of the respondents. Gender, religion, economic status, health status, increased contact with adult children, and instrumental support to neighbors had positive effects on the life satisfaction of elderly two-person household.