• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.355-361
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• 2003

사람 분변으로부터 대식세포 활성 증강효능이 있는 유산균을 선별하여 이를 동정한 결과 P. pentosaceus 동정되었으며, 이 균주를 P. pentosaceus EROM101로 명명하였다. P. pentosaceus EROM101의 면역증강 및 항암활성을 알아보기 위하여 실험동물에게 3주간 생균 및 파쇄액을 경구 투여한 뒤 대식세포와 비장세포의 활성화를 측정하였으며, 동시에 소장점막상피세포에서 생산되는 IgA의 함량을 측정하였다. P. pentosaceus EROM101의 경구 투여는 대식세포 및 비장세포의 분열을 촉진하여 면역증강 기능이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 생균보다 파쇄액에서 활성이 더 뛰어난 것으로 나타나, P. pentosaceus EROM101은 장내에서 생균으로 서식하여 지속적으로 면역증강 기능을 나타내는 것이 아닌 세포 구성물에서 면역증강활성이 있는 것으로 사료되었다. 또한, 소장점막상피세포에서 IgA의 분비량에서도 대조군보다 약 4배이상의 IgA 생산량을 증가시켜 장관면역 활성화 기능이 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 P. pentosaceus EROM101 파쇄액이 Sarcoma 180 복수암세포를 이식해 준 실험동물 내에서 복수암성장을 억제하였으나, Sarcoma 180 세포열에 대한 세포독성을 나타내지 않아 면역증강에 의해서 항암 활성이 나타난 것으로 추측되었다. 이상의 연구결과에서 P. pentosaceus EROM101은 면역증강 능력이 있으며, 동시에 항암 활성을 기대할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.192-199
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• 2018

Purpose: Use of radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy is increasing in hypopharyngeal cancer. However, many show residual tumor after radiotherapy. Timing for treatment evaluation and salvage therapy is essential. However, optimal timing for salvage surgery has not been suggested. In this study, we tried to evaluate optimal timing for salvage surgery. Methods and Materials: Patients who were diagnosed with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma between 2006 and 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received definitive radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. Response of all treated patients were analyzed at 1, 3, and 6 months after radiotherapy. Any patients with progression before 6 months were excluded. Results: A total of 54 patients were analyzed. Complete remission (CR) rates at 1 month (CR₁), 3 months (CR₃) and 6 months (CR₆) were 66.7%, 81.5%, and 90.7%, respectively. Non-CR at 1 month (NCR₁), 3 months (NCR₃), and 6 months (NCR₆) showed poor locoregional recurrence-free survival rates (1-year rates of 63.7%, 66.7%, and 0.0%, respectively) compared to CR₁, CR₃, and CR₆ (1-year rates 94.3%, 88.0%, and 91.5%, respectively). Particularly significant differences were seen between CR₆ and NCR₆ (p < 0.001). Of 10 patients with NCR₃, 5 showed CR at 6 months (NCR₃/CR₆). There was no statistical difference in locoregional recurrence-free survival between CR₃ and NCR₃/CR₆ group (p = 0.990). Conclusion: Our data suggest half of patients who did not show CR at 3 months eventually achieved CR at 6 months. Waiting until 6 months after radiotherapy may be appropriate for avoiding additional salvage therapy.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.200-209
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• 2018

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) using simultaneous integrated boost-intensity modulated radiotherapy (SIB-IMRT) in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) patients. Materials and Methods: Between January 2011 and May 2015, 47 LAPC patients received CRT using SIB-IMRT. Prior to SIB-IMRT, 37 patients (78.7%) received induction chemotherapy (IC-CRT group) and remaining 10 patients (21.3%) did not received induction chemotherapy (CRT group). During SIB-IMRT, all patients received concomitant chemotherapy, with gemcitabine (n = 37) and capecitabine (n = 10). Results: At the time of analysis, 45 patients had died and 2 patients remained alive and the median follow-up time was 14.2 months (range, 3.3 to 51.4 months). For all patients, the median times of local progression-free survival (LPFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were 18.1, 10.3, and 14.2 months, respectively. The median time of LPFS between IC-CRT and CRT groups was similar (18.1 months vs. 18.3 months, p = 0.711). IC-CRT group had a higher trend in PFS (10.9 months vs. 4.1 months, p = 0.054) and had significantly higher OS (15.4 months vs. 9.5 months, p = 0.007) than CRT group. In multivariate analysis, the use of induction chemotherapy and tumor response were significant factors associated with OS (p < 0.05, each). During SIB-IMRT, toxicity of grade ≥3 was observed in 7 patients (14.9%) in all patients. Conclusions: CRT using SIB-IMRT is feasible and promising in LAPC patients.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1678-1727
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• 2006

This study was perfromed to develop the assessment guideline and endpoints for clinical trial with anticancer herbal medicine. The botanical products used to humans for long time may be applied to phase 3 clinical trial after submitting the evidences for safety and efficacy of them or completion of basic requirement of phase 1 and phase 2 for safety confirmation and dose determination. Syndrome improvement was chiefly evaluated by Zubrod and karnofsky(%) methods. We suggest the general clinical trial assessment with botanical products, by following assessment points, that is, tumor size for 50 points, survival fate for 10 points, major syndromes for 40 points. It is recommendable that the each symptom of Qi deficiency syndrome, blood deficiency syndrome and Qi stagnation syndrome was allocated by assessment points, Similarly, the each symptom was given the assessment points according to the severity of symptom, for example, slight for 3 points, moderate for 2 points and severe for 1 point in hepatocelluar carcinoma and lung cancer. Then, the efficacy of botanical products was evaluated by the difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment. Asking the neoplastic patients of questionnaire on physical, emotional, cognitive, social and role subjects availability, three more syndromes (Fatigue, Pain and Nausea/Vomit), quality of life(QOL) will be evaluated by GLM statistics. In addition, in case of lung cancer, 13 questions will be asked by the EORTC QLQ-C13 forms. As the assessment of endpoints for efficacy to reduce side effects induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the data of image scanning and hemato-urinalysis can be usefully applied on immune response, weight loss, indigestion, hemopoietic damage and injury of liver and kidney, while the changes of syndromes of side effect can be evaluated by differentiation methods of Qi and blood and five viscera. However, it is still necessary to determine the ratio between scientific analytical method and Oriental differentiation method as well as confirm the Oriental assessment endpoints by clinical trial. In addition, we suggest the continuous development of assessment endpoints on other carcinomas except of hepatocelluar carcinoma and lung cancer in future.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.700-704
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• 2007

In the recent, increased concern has been focused on the pharmacology and clinical utility of herbal extracts and derivatives as a drug or adjunct to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Here we investigated the role of the extract of Anethi Fructus in the expression of inflammatory mediators, surface molecule, and related receptors in vitro. In murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages of C57BL/6N mice, water extract of Anethi Fructus increased the production of secretary tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and Nitric oxide (NO), and the expression level of CD14, LPS co-receptor and CD86, co-stimulatory molecule compared to negative natural extract ex vivo. The water extract of Anethi Fructus increased the production of interferon (IFN)-g from splenocytes. Also, water extract of Anethi Fructus increased ConA-induced cell proliferation. These results suggest that water extract of Anethi Fructus may enhance the immune response through immune modulation of macrophage and lymphocytes.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2018

This study was designed to investigate the effects of multi-enzyme on diarrhea and immune responses of weaned pigs. A total 36 weaned pigs ($5.92{\pm}0.48kg\;BW$; 28 d old) were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments (3 pigs/pen, 6 replicates/treatment) in a randomized complete block design. The dietary treatments were a typical diet based on corn and soybean meal (CON) and CON with 0.1% multienzyme (Multi; mixture of ${\beta}-mannanase$, xylanase, ${\alpha}-amylase$, protease, ${\beta}-glucanase$, and pectinase). Pigs were fed their respective diets for 6 wk. Frequency of diarrhea, levels of packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cells (WBC), immunoglobulins, cortisol, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), transforming growth $factor-{\beta}$ ($TGF-{\beta}$), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Multi group tended to decrease (p<0.1) diarrhea frequency than CON group during 2 wk after weaning. Lower values of PCV on d 3 (p<0.05) and d 7 (p<0.1) were found in Multi group compared with CON group. There were no significant differences on WBC number and immunoglobulin (Ig) M and A between Multi and CON groups. However, Multi group tended to increase (p<0.1) Ig G on d 7 than CON group. Moreover, Multi group showed modulated immune responses, indicated by decreased levels of cortisol (p<0.05) on d 7 and 14, $TNF-{\alpha}$ on d 3 (p<0.05) and d 7 (p<0.10), $TGF-{\beta}$ on d 2 (p<0.05) and d 7 (p<0.10), and CRP (p<0.10) on d 3 and 7 after weaning compared with CON group. Consequently, inclusion of multi-enzyme in diets for weaned pigs improved gut health and modulated immune responses of weaned pigs.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major chronic disease which increases global health problems. Diabetes-induced renal damage is associated with inflammation and fibrosis. Alpha (AT) and gamma-tocopherols (GT) have shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in inflammation-mediated injuries. The primary aim of this study was to investigate effects of AT and GT supplementations on hyperglycemia induced acute kidney inflammation in alloxan induced diabetic mice with different levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG). MATERIALS/METHODS: Diabetes was induced by injection of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg, i.p) in ICR mice (5.5-week-old, male) and mice were subdivided according to their FBG levels and treated with different diets for 2 weeks; CON: non-diabetic mice, m-DMC: diabetic control mice with mild FBG levels (250 mg/dl ${\leq}$ FBG ${\leq}$ 450 mg/dl), m-AT: m-DM mice fed AT supplementation (35 mg/kg diet), m-GT: m-DM mice with GT supplementation (35 mg/kg diet), s-DMC: diabetic control mice with severe FBG levels (450 mg/dl < FBG), s-AT: s-DM mice with AT supplementation, s-GT: s-DM mice with GT supplementation. RESULTS: Both AT and GT supplementations showed similar beneficial effects on $NF{\kappa}B$ associated inflammatory response (phosphorylated inhibitory kappa B-${\alpha}$, interleukin-$1{\beta}$, C-reactive protein, monocyte chemotactic protein-1) and pre-fibrosis (tumor growth factor ${\beta}$-1 and protein kinase C-II) as well as an antioxidant emzyme, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in diabetic mice. On the other hands, AT and GT showed different beneficial effects on kidney weight, FBG, and oxidative stress associated makers (malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) except HO-1. In particular, GT significantly preserved kidney weight in m-DM and improved FBG levels in s-DM and malondialdehyde and catalase in m- and s-DM, while AT significantly attenuated FBG levels in m-DM and improved glutathione peroxidase in m- and s-DM. CONCLUSIONS: the results suggest that AT and GT with similarities and differences would be considered as beneficial nutrients to modulate hyperglycemia induced acute renal inflammation. Further research with careful approach is needed to confirm beneficial effects of tocopherols in diabetes with different FBG levels for clinical applications.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.106-112
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 사염화탄소에 의해 유도된 간독성에 대하여 AE의 항염증 효과와 예방기전을 연구하는 것이다. 사염화탄소에 의해 간손상이 유도된 Sprague-Dawley 쥐에서 간독성 지표, 항염증 및 항산화 활성을 분석하였다. 우선 사염화탄소에 의해 간손상이 유도된 실험동물에서 Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai의 에탄올 추출물 및 acanthoic acid 섭취로 혈장 ALT 활성이 유의하게 개선됨을 보여주었다. 간조직병리학적 분석에서는 사염화탄소 처리된 대조군에서 거대한 브리징 경화와 심각한 지방변성을 관찰하였는데, 이는 사염화탄소에 의해 유도된 간손상이 성공적이었다는 것을 의미한다. 고용량군인 AE3이 저용량군인 AE1보다 간보호 효과가 더 좋은 것으로 보인다. AE는 단일물질인 AA보다 간독성에 대한 예방요인과 항염증 효과로서 중요한 역할을 하는데 더 우세한다. 이러한 결과들을 바탕으로 사염화탄소에 의해 유도된 간손상에 대한 AE와 AA의 예방 효과가 항염증 성질에 부분적으로 관여하는 것을 제안한다. AE의 생화학학적 효과는 단일물질인 AA보다 우수하며 향후 연구에서 식이변경으로 AE에 대한 추가 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 2018

본 연구는 LUT이 고지방식이로 비만이 유도된 C57BL/6 마우스의 대장암 발생에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 실험동물을 각 10마리씩 정상식이 (ND)군, 고지방식이 (HFD)군, HFD + 0.0025% LUT 보충 (HFD LL)군, 그리고 HFD + 0.005% LUT 보충 (HFD HL)군의 4군으로 분류하였다. 각 실험군은 AOM을 1회 복강 주사하고 AOM 투여 1주일 후 총 3 cycle의 1 ~ 2% 농도의 DSS를 음용수로 공급하여 대장암을 유발하였다. 실험식이는 AOM 발암시점부터 총 11주간 급여하였다. 연구결과, 군간 식이섭취량의 차이는 없었으나 HFD 급여군에서 체중과 식이효율의 유의적인 증가가 나타났으며 HFD군과 비교했을 때 LUT 보충에 따른 체중의 변화는 없었다. 그러나 LUT 보충은 ND군에 비해 HFD군에서 나타난 대장 무게/길이 비, 대장종양 수, 혈장 $TNF-{\alpha}$ 농도, 대장 iNOS와 COX-2 발현을 유의적으로 감소시켰으며 그 효과는 HFD HL군이 HFD LL군보다 높았다. 이러한 결과는 체중조절과는 별개로 LUT이 고지방식이에 의한 대장의 염증반응 억제를 통하여 비만과 연관된 대장암 발생을 억제할 수 있음을 제시하며 향후 비만에 의한 인슐린 저항성 및 adipokine 분비, 그리고 장내 균총 변화에 따른 대장 점막세포 증식과 대장암 발생에 LUT이 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대한 연구를 더 깊이 있게 수행한다면 비만으로 인한 대장암 발생에 LUT이 효과적인 화학적 예방 (chemoprevention)제로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.62-70
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• 2006

전립선비대증은 노인 남성에서 흔히 유발되는 질환이며, 노화가 진행될 수록 빈도가 높아지는 특징을 가진다. 이 질환의 원인은 전립선 기질세포의 과도한 증식으로 유발된다고 알려져 있지만 그 자세한 기전에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 전립선비대증에서 progesterone 수용체 양성 세포가 다른 전립선 종양에 비해서 많고, progesterone은 testosterone에서 DHT로 전환되는 것을 감소시키는 역할을 가진다고 알려졌다. 또한 남성 전립선 평활근의 과증식에 의한 질환이므로 평활근 세포의 증식과 관련성이 있다고 보고된 COX-2의 전립선비대증에 대한 영향에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 전립선 기질세포에 progesterone을 3일간 투여하여 배양한 경우 기질세포 증식은 차이가 없었다. Progesterone을 단독 또는 DHT와 같이 투여한 기질세포에서 남성호르몬 수용체 mRNA 발현은 비처리군과 비교하여 유의한 차이가 없었다. 또한 progesterone과 DHT 동시 투여에 의한 COX-2 mRNA 발현에도 차이가 없었다. 그러나 progesterone에 의한 남성호르몬 수용체와 COX-2 단백 발현에서는 대조군과 비교하여 유의하게 감소시켰다. 이상의 결과는 progesterone은 남성호르몬 수용체에 대해 전사 후 반응 (post-transcriptional response)에 효과를 나타내어 남성호르몬 수용체 발현을 감소시키는 작용은 가지며, COX-2 발현 억제효과를 나타내므로 전립선비대증의 치료에 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.