• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2014

There have not been many studies conducted on the seedling production, especially in plug trays, of traditional medicinal plant species. In an effort to establish guide lines for seedling production, this study investigated the effect of plug cell size on the growth and development of plug seedling of three medicinal plant species. Seeds were sown in either 128, 200, or 288-cell plug trays, containing a commercial medium. Growth and development of individual seedling was generally promoted with increasing size of a plug cell in all of the three species. The greatest biomass of the seedlings gained in a plug tray was obtained in the 288-cell trays in Perilla frutescens var. acuta Kudo and Sophora tonkinensis, and the 200-cell trays in Angelica gigas Nakai. Overall growth and development of the shoot and root of a single seedling of Perilla frutescens var. acuta Kudo, except total chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents, was the greatest in the 128-cell tray. However, length of the longest root, length, width and area of the leaf, internode length, root fresh weight, and root ball formation in the 200- and 288-cell trays were not significantly different each other. In Sophora tonkinensis, although length of the longest root, stem diameter, leaf width, leaf area, shoot fresh weight, and root ball formation were not significantly different among the treatments, length of the longest root and root ball formation of a single seedling were the greatest in the 128-cell tray. Overall shoot and root growth, except total chlorophyll content, of a single seedling of Angelica gigas Nakai was the greatest in the 128-cell tray. Based on the total biomass, it is concluded that 288-cell trays are recommended for production of plug seedlings of medicinal plant species P. frutescens var. acuta Kudo and S. tonkinensis. In A. gigas Nakai, it would be more economical to use the 200-cell trays than 128-cell trays due to total biomass.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.368-377
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• 2017

This study investigated the possibility of application of the recently introduced cylindrical paper pot seedlings in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivation. The seedling growth, initial rooting after planting and accumulated fruit yield were investigated with the treatments of tray type (paper pot and plug) as a main factor, tray cell number (40 cell and 50 cell) as a sub-factor, and fertigation method (continuous fertigation and fertigation after 35 days sowing) as a sub-sub factor, respectively. The growth of pepper seedlings was significantly affected by tray type and fertigation method showing the highest value at 50 cell plug tray with continuous fertigation, and the effect of fertigation was greater than that of trays. 'Cheongyang', 'Daekwonseoneon' and 'Longgreenmat' cultivar showed all the same pattern in seedling growth. These three-cultivar seedlings were planted in plastic house and in open field in Jeonju area, respectively, and another 'Daekwonseoneon' seedlings raised Yeongyang local area was also planted at the same area. There was no difference in the rooting of 'Cheongyang' pepper at 2 weeks after planting in plastic house. The accumulated fruit weight was not significantly different between paper pot seedlings and plug seedlings in three cultivar grown in plastic house. However, that of 'Cheongyang' pepper showed higher at paper pot seedlings than plug seedlings and the other two cultivar were higher at plug seedlings in open field. 'Daekwonseoneon' pepper yield grown in open field in 'Yeongyang' area was not significant between paper pot seedlings and plug seedlings. In conclusion, the pattern of seedlings growth grown in the cylindrical paper pot was the same as those of the conventional plug seedlings and also fruit yield was similar between paper pot seedlings and plug seedlings even though minute difference among cultivars. These results suggest that pepper seedlings grown in paper pot should be highly applicable to pepper cultivation.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.399-405
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• 2020

Recently, it is difficult to produce uniform scions and rootstocks with high quality in a greenhouse due to weather extremes. The closed transplant production system is useful for producing scions and rootstocks with desirable morphological characteristics by environment control regardless of weather outside. In this study, we investigated transpiration rates and growth of cucumber and tomato scions and rootstocks grown under different light intensity conditions for precise irrigation control in a closed transplant production system. Hanging system to measure continuously the weight of plug tray consisting of seedlings and substrate with load-cell was installed in each growing bed. Using this system, we confirmed initial wilting point of cucumber and tomato seedlings, and conducted subirrigation when moisture content of substrate was not below 50%. The irrigation time of cucumber scions and rootstocks were 7 and 6 days after sowing, respectively. In tomato scions and rootstocks grown under PPF (photosynthetic photon flux) 300 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, the irrigation time were 5, 8, 11, and 13 days after sowing. Increasing light intensity increased transpiration rates and differences of transpiration rates by light intensity was higher in tomato seedlings. The growth of cucumber and tomato seedlings was promoted by increasing light intensity, especially, hypocotyl elongation and stem thickening was affected by light intensity. Cumulative transpiration rate of plug tray in cucumber and tomato seedlings was increased by increasing light intensity, and daily transpiration rate per seedling was regressed by 1st-order linear equation with high correlation coefficient. Estimation of transpiration rates by weighing continuously plug tray of vegetable seedlings can be useful to control more accurately irrigation schedule in a closed transplant production system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.145-151
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate foodservice hygiene in middle school students by analyzing the importance and performance of school foodservice by meal service area in Busan. Questionnaires were administered to 826 students in 10 middle schools (five schools for classroom service, five schools for dining room service). The average importance and performance scores were 4.11/5.00 and 3.38/5.00 for classroom service and 4.34/5.00 and 3.89/5.00 for dining room service. Dining room service had significantly (P<0.001) higher average scores importance and performance of food hygiene, environment hygiene, equipment hygiene, and employee hygiene than those of classroom service. The gap average score of dining room service was significantly (P<0.001) lower than those of classroom service. In the importance-performance analysis, 'cleanliness of tray' showed high importance and low performance for classroom service and dining room service. Areas of low importance and low performance were 'tray drying', 'cleanliness of employee' clothes', 'wearing sanitary gown, cap', 'wearing sanitary mask', and 'wearing sanitary gloves' for the classroom service, whereas 'tray drying', 'comfortable atmosphere in diningroom', 'well ventilated', 'no odor of the food in classroom', and 'cleanliness around rubbish bins' were relevant for dining room service. These findings suggest that employee hygiene management should be intensively managed for classroom service, and equipment hygiene management must be improved for classroom service and dining room service, especially cleanliness of tray. Meal service places should be changed to the dining room with support the government and private sector.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.328-337
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• 2015

This paper applies acceleration/deceleration control-based velocity profiles to an infeed control algorithm for a cross-belt-type sorting system to improve the accuracy and performance of the system's infeed. The velocity profiles are of a trapezoidal shape and often have to be modified to ensure that parcels correctly synchronize with their intended carriers. Under the proposed method, an infeed line can handle up to 5,600 items/h, which indicates a 40% increase in performance in comparison with its existing handling rate of 4,000 items/h. This improvement in performance may lead to a reduction in the number of infeed lines required in a sorting system. The proposed infeed control algorithm is applied to a cross-belt-type sorting system (model name: SCS 1500) manufactured by Vanderlande Industries.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.87-91
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• 1990

This is to report a case of secondary reconstruction after partial mandibulectomy by using of marrow-cancellous bone and cortical bone harvested from the iliac crest in the case of an ameloblastoma on the mandible. According to the past experimental studies, the marrow and cancellous bone have the marked osteogenic potential of hematopoietic. And the cortical bone has the highest activity of bone induction, which is mediated through the action of bone morphogenic protein(BMP). This grafting technique, the combination of PMCB and cortical bone, has advantage in restoring lange defect of the mandible.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.36
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• pp.45-48
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare wettability and setting time of twelve polyvinylsiloxane impression pastes. For comparing the wettability, the contact angle of a water drop on the impression materials was measured. It is important for impression materials to have higher wettability when trying to make impressions of interproximal spaces and gingival crevices. The higher wettability the better the material will flow into these spaces and the more accurate the impression. An ideal impression material will have adequate working time but a fast intraoral setting time. The clinician needs time to inject material into the sulcus, place the impression material into the tray and position it in the mouth, but the material should set rapidly to reduce time in the patient's mouth. It is considered that the results obtained in this study will provide guideline information for the manufacturing of impression materials and for selecting appropriate impression materials.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.226-232
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• 2012

Although an ameloblastoma is a benign tumor histologically, it may act malignantly. It has locally destructive and recurrent tendencies. Many different strategies have been attempted in order to cure an ameloblastoma including curettage, enucleation, marsupialization, and resection with a safty margin. Curettage, enucleation, and marrsupialization can be classified into a conservative treatment and resection with a safty margin can be classified into a radical treatment. Radical treatment has better results than the conservative treatment. Thus, more radically conservative treatment methods are needed in order to improve the treatment results. The cryosurgery can be applied an ameloblastoam. In particular, with regards to the solid and intramural type, the application of the cryosurgery has its advantages over the conservative treatment. After resection of the diseased area we don't need to discard the diseased segment. Instead, by placing the segment in liguid nitrogen, the diseased segment can use the autogenous tray for packing several bone materials.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.981-992
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• 2004

Freeze drying under vacuum condition is a complex process that involves simultaneous heat and mass transfer, sublimation of ice, and motion of sublimation front. Proper treatment of the motion of sublimation interface is crucial for an accurate prediction of the freeze drying process. Based on the enthalpy formulation that has been successfully used in liquid/solid phase change problems. a fixed grid method. streamlined for the freeze drying analysis. was developed in this study. The accuracy of the fixed grid method was checked by solving a one-dimensional tray freeze drying and a two-dimensional vial freeze drying problem and then comparing the results with those by the moving grid method. Finally. the freeze drying characteristics of two-dimensional slab and axis-symmetric cylinder was investigated using the fixed grid method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.580-586
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• 2005

In this study, experimental tests for driving noise of various optical disk drives (ODD) have been performed using 1/2' microphone noise measurement system. Several new and old ODD models by different manufacturers are practically considered and compared far realistic driving conditions. Sound insulation case with absorbing material fur the present experimental tests is designed and constructed using CATIA system. It is found that average data transfer rate, operating RPM, and sound noise level seems to be different for the same opposed speed ODD by different manufacturers. Moreover, driving sound noise level can be largely affected by both tray shape and driving speed even for the same apparent data transfer rate.