• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.997-1003
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• 2011

Menopause and obesity are associated with metabolism. The purpose of this study was to examine the changes of PPAR${\gamma}$, PGC-1(${\alpha},\;{\beta}$), NRf-1 and TFAM mRNA and mitochondria biogenesis in adipocytes and investigate the effect of swimming exercise for 6weeks on ovariectomized rats. Rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: (1) ovariectomized rats fed with a control diet (C, n=4), (2) ovariectomized rats fed with high fat diet (H, n=4), and (3) ovariectomized rats trained to exercise and fed with high fat diet (H+EX, n=4). Exercise was performed by swimming for 5 days/wk, with a progressive increase in exercise over the course of 6 weeks. Results showed that the fat tissue weight in the H group was markedly increased (p<0.01) compared to other groups, however, regular exercise significantly decreased fat weight. The PPAR-${\gamma}$ (p<0.05), PGC-$1{\alpha}$ (p<0.01), -$1{\beta}$ (p<0.05), NRf-1 (p<0.01) and TFAM (p<0.05) mRNA expression in the adipocytes of H+EX were higher than in the H group. These results suggest that regular exercise for 6 weeks might exert positive effects by increasing PPAR-${\gamma}$, PGC-1 (${\alpha},\;{\beta}$), NRf-1 and TFAM mRNA expression and mitochondria in adipocytes. Thus, regular exercise may be helpful in the improvement of mitochondria biogenesis function in obese, ovariectomized rats.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.118-129
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• 1998

This survey is made to offer the fundamental data for the establishment of practical environmental education plan based on understanding of the change of the environmental awareness of elementary school students under the longitudinal-sectional research design. In this research, the questionnaire made by Kim Jong-ki in 1988 and by Kim Hak-Bong in 1993, is amended and filled up, which is used to the 624 numbers of fifth and sixth grade students lived in Seoul, Pyungtaek and Yangjugu. This research ares are devided into 5 ares which are the environmental general, environmental pollution, living environment, environmental education and consciouness of environmental crisis to humen beings. First, it is grasped general tendency and then is compared and analyzed the level of awareness by residence, sex, grade. stsdard of living parental academic, the background variation of parental job with the status in 1988 and 1933. The results are as follows: 1) The rate of interest for environmental pollution and population is reduced but the rate of interest for animal protection is increased. 2) In spite of reinforcement of environmental education In school, the numbers of the students who became to know some information about that from the class are diminished. 3) Even if the children are aware of sewage seriousely, the numbers of the students who answer it is caused by domestic sewage are a few. 4) On the environmental education area, the various materials of the are not utilized well in a class. 5) On the environmental crisis to the human beings the rate is much increased in 1993 ttan that of 1988 environmental contamination is the important cause of the human beings' crises but now the rate is reduced again. In other variables except the environmental contamination, it is increased the that of 1993 on the war, on population it is showed a tendency of reduction. The results of this study are as follows : 1) It is supposed that the education should be done only not for the knowledge of environmental education but for the practice of that - animal breeding, field experience of the ecological destruction places. 2) The various environmental education materials such as TV, VTR are demanded to give the students proper information about that and to educate sufficently. 3) The course of fields exploration for environmental education should be prepared under cooperation of the authorities concerned. 4) It has to be groped for an epoch-making teaching method and the training and the practice of teachers in order to reform environmental pollution.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.25-45
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to explain experiences of non-music majors to changing their majors into music therapy and to provide the preliminary study for deriving a grounded theory. For that, in-depth interviews were performed targeting 5 students who did not major in music in their undergraduate courses selected from the graduate students who are majoring in music therapy at the colleges located in Seoul. Data was analyzed for the study by applying the modified grounded theory. The result of study showed that they selected the course of music therapy career as they were motivated by the realistic demand for future employment, career potentials and other realistic causes. These factors caused them to study the surrounding situations and conduct the detailed research on the possibility of music therapy. These factors were also dependent on the individual characteristics, external elements and music background. These experiences were connected to the self-integration and pursuit of growth by newly setting their relation to the 'Music Child'. In addition, the demand of being the meaningful existence in relationship also affected them to more specify their aspirations in the progress of career selection on a continual basis. This study is meaningful as it provides the actual information on them.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.43-50
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a VR (Virtual Refractor), which is a simulator for a PR (Practical Refraction), as an educational tool. Methods: Twenty four third year students enrolled in the department of visual optics volunteered for VR education. Each student attended a VR training course and practiced with the VR by themselves. One month later, each student tested three virtual subjects on the VR and one real subject on the PR and were given a performance score for each refraction. And the scores for the virtual and practical refractions were compared. In addition, a self-report questionnaire based on a five point Likert-scale was designed, consisting of domains such as spontaneous participation, contribution for the refraction, confirmity of the VR and PR, and necessity of the VR. Results: The Spearman's correlation coefficient between the testing score of the practical and virtual refractions indicated a significantly correlation (R=0.71, p<0.001). In the questionnaire, the mean score of the domains was 3.67${\pm}$0.96 and it indicated that students expressed that using the VR was beneficial. The correlation value among these domains was a high significant level, 0.91~0.68 (p<0.001). Conclusions: Although the VR required certain improvements in its concentration and systematic approaches for practical situations, it showed a high correlation between the VR and the PR and represented a positive evaluation in the PR.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.65-82
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to provide a better understanding of the relationship between teaching entry motivation and teaching competence by examining the role of self-encouragement as a mediator. Data were collected from 202 students at university(Dept. of Early Childhood Education) in Daejeon. The results were as follows. First, there was the significant differences in teaching competence level by self-encouragement and teaching entry motivation styles. Second, It was also found that students with intrinsic motivation conceived higher teaching competence than others. The more students self-encouraged, the higher teaching competence they conceived. Third, it was found that the self-encouragement partially mediated the relationship between intrinsic teaching entry motivation and teaching competence. Also, it was analyzed that the self-encouragement fully mediated the relationship between extrinsic teaching entry motivation and teaching competence. Finally, it is necessary to understand of the teaching entry motivation styles and of the importance of the self-encouragement.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.73-87
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• 1993

This paper reviews the topic of GIS, the academic setting of GIS, GIS model curricula and the possibility GIS education in Korea. The topics which might be included in a science of geographic information consist of data collection and measurement, data capture, spatial statistics, data modeling and theories of spatial data, data structures, algorithms and processes, display, analytical tools, institutional, managerial and ethical issues. The problems in teaching a course on GIS in higher education are reviewed. Because of their technological, integrative, and rapidly changing nature, GIS pose major challenges to their education system which it is ill equipped to meet. In higher education a number of initiatives have been taken to provide education about and training with, GIS. The possible GIS curricula are suggested. These curricula are divided into 3 major sections, relating GIS context, technical issues and application issues. The prospects of GIS appears lo depend largely upon the future cooperation of academia, government, and industry

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.79-87
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• 2010

To support the expansion of diversity for schooling and make a plan for systematic robot education Ministry of Knowledge Economy did Pilot Project of Hands-on Robot at 68 Elementary Schools after building up the supporting system for teachers to practically use robots such as training course with Hands-on Robot. According to this, this paper will be shown about the analysis results of preliminary data about next expansion project of Hands-on Robot through analyzing the current status of Pilot Project of Hands-on Robot at Elementary After-School. For this, status of offered lesson and usage of teaching aids and materials, the number of regular/part-time teachers, students' satisfaction and so on at schools which are listed for the Pilot Project. The results show that at most of elementary schools students' creativity and interests about robots was increased and they tried to take the classes actively with high concentration. In spite of these positives, improvement needs for textbooks were also ascertained, therefore proper textbooks for student and teaching aids to bring on variable activities of students shall be based on additionally for the success.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.327-334
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• 2020

Changam, Lee Samman(1770~1845), who created his own handwriiting to be referred to as the three great writers of the late Joseon Dynasty, the valued 'beobgo'. Based on the calligraphy of the Han-Wi era, Lee Kwangsa who completed DonggugJinche was regarded as the teacher of the heart. In his later years, he wrote 『ChangamSeogyeol』 to teach how to use the right brush, revealing the basic principles of universal calligraphy and his own calligraphy. The typeface of Changam is completed by choseo through the establishment of haeseo geungol. For this, I valued Han-Wi's haeseo training, OnhuGanwon Han-Wi geungol shows a state without natural law. This shows that nature is the core and ultimate goal of Changam calligraphy theory. This is a return to the state of 'No law' at the height of the law, where eum-yang is created and bizarreness occurs when form, power and energy are promoted. On the other hand, he emphasized that jangbeob and pochi form IlunMujeog DeugpilCheonyeon when expressing naturalness as it is, without being bound by the old law. His typeface constantly tried to combine the beauty of Joseon's own calligraphy while sublimating nature into art. Thus, he acquired IlunMujeog, a body rich in geungol and full of vitality and dynamism. And DeugpilCheonyeon achieved aesthetics with the highest level of excellence, embodied as the original 'Haengunyusu Typeface', and further developed handwriiting and Calligraphy spirit of DonggugJinche in Honam province.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.559-569
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• 2014

In this case study, we investigated teaching strategies of science teacher's teaching in science museum. Two secondary science teachers who completed a teacher training course on teaching in science museums participated in this study. We conducted interviews about their perceptions on teaching in science museum and their teaching plans before teaching. Then, we observed and recorded their teaching practices in the science museum throughout one semester, and collected all of the teaching materials. The interviews were also conducted after every lessons and at the end of the semester. For the analysis of teaching strategies, we used a framework that was revised from the framework for museum practice (FMP). The analysis of results revealed that the teachers understood the significance of planning the activities in a series of pre-visit, during-visit, and post-visit, so that they structured their teaching as continuous activities, not as an one-time event. However, they showed differences in the extent of connecting the activities with the national science curriculum according to their teaching objectives. In addition, there were differences in strategies such as promoting social interaction, evoking students' curiosity and interest, providing students with choices and control, and inducing engagement and challenge depending on each teacher's perceptions and experiences on teaching in science museum. These results suggest that science teacher education for the professional development of teaching in science museum should systematically provide knowledge and experiences on teaching strategies based on appropriate perceptions on teaching in science museum.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.55-70
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate how preservice secondary teacher teaching practice affected future teachers' features, which they should have as teachers. Based on the differences of pre- and post- test of the survey of their teacher competence, the participants of this study were grouped 40 student teachers as the teaching profession, and 58 liberal arts student teachers of learning teaching of 98 students. This study attempted to seek what preservice teachers expected and sought as future teachers throughout the teaching practice in secondary schools. We considered 5 areas of view of teaching profession knowledge and instruction skill, guidance, personality, and general attitude in the teaching profession as an effective teacher competence. The results showed that pre service teachers asserted that the teaching practice provided opportunities to improve their teacher competence as future teachers. However there was significant effective change in the group of student teachers as the teaching profession. This study also suggested that it is necessary to consider the liberal arts student teachers of learning teaching program reflecting the results of this study.