• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.38-48
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• 2010

이상기후는 도로교통 사고 위협요소로써 빈번하게 심각한 영향을 주고 있다. 특히, 도로교통에서 기상변화 또는 재해에 의한 영향은 장대교량, 터널, 사면 및 결빙 지역에서 영향이 크기 때문에 이들 지역에 대한 관심 있는 관리가 필요하며 발생할 수 있는 사고를 줄이기 위해서도 집중적인 도로 관리와 도로 기상 정보 제공 및 조기 경보, 도로 순찰, 교통통제와 같은 요소들이 필요하다. 도로의 눈과 결빙은 제설로 위험을 줄일 수는 있으나, 강풍은 피할 수 없는 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 도로 기상 정보와 기후, 재해 정보를 활용하여 국지 지역에서 안전운전을 위한 경보 정보를 설계를 하고자 한다. 극한 기상에 노출된 운전자를 위한 최상의 경보 정보 설계는 도로 상황 감시 개선, 도로 기상정보 감시, 정확한 사용자 정보전달들이 될 것이며, 또한 바람 및 재해 상황에 대한 통계, 표면 조건 통계, 차종 및 차종에 따른 바람에 의한 사고 통계와 조기 경보 정책과 교육들도 이를 위해서는 수반되어야 할 요소들이다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.347-360
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• 2018

We surveyed 223 road workers between 2017 July-August about wearing and satisfaction in order to find basic data to develop safety clothing that enhances visibility of motion and comfort while meeting international standards. It was found that most of the current warning clothing owned by road cleaners and about 2/3 of policemen clothes were provided by public institutions. The purpose of wearing, color, properties, satisfaction and protectiveness differed significantly by occupation. Second, the most popular response for the type and quantity of warning clothing was 2 sets of spring/autumn, summer, and winter type for road cleaners, whereas policemen chose 2 sets of all types plus a safety vest. Therefore, a top-level (3rd class) warning clothing study is required. Third, satisfaction ranked Moderate>Good>Poor; in addition, the main reason for satisfaction was that 'retroreflective tape increases safety at night (54.4%)' for road cleaners and 'the fluorescent color stands out (43.7%)' for policemen. Thus, it was accepted that visibility contributed to safety. Fourth, body-protectiveness was evaluated higher compared to wearing satisfaction, and it was recognized more by road cleaners than policemen. Overall satisfaction was higher for road cleaners versus policemen both in Seoul than Incheon. Fifth, the main dissatisfaction in both groups was 'low sweat absorbency' showing improving the air permeability, moisture regain and permeability was the highest priority. Finally, those working 8 hours a day tended to evaluate more positively the 6 properties of the material.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.1591-1601
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 초보운전자의 교통사고 위험성을 줄이고 초보운전자 교육프로그램 개발의 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 초보운전자에 대한 심리적 특성 및 운전행동에 관한 분석을 실시하였다. 이때 초보운전자의 심리적 부분은 위험인식정도 및 교통상황 이해도를 확인하는 설문조사를 실시하였으며 주 내용은 위험예측 및 예측불허행동에 관한 특성별 범주로 분류하여 파악하였다. 그리고 차량시뮬레이터를 활용하여 초보 및 일반운전자와의 운전행동 특성을 비교 분석하고 통계결과를 토대로 초보운전자의 실제 운전행동에 있어서의 안전진단과 교통안전교육 기초연구의 방향성을 제시 하였다. 본 연구 분석결과, 운전자의 위험예측, 과속, 위반, 정보제공생략, 갑작스러운 변화, 사고건수 모든 부분에서 초보운전자가 일반운전자에 비해 높은 평균값이 나타났다. 또한 초보운전자가 일반운전자에 비해 통계적으로 유의한 위험수준을 보여주었는데 확인된 대상은 위험예측능력, 위반, 갑작스러운 변화, 교통사고건수이었고 그 이외의 과속 수준과 정보제공생략 수준은 초보운전자와 일반운전자 모두 유사한 결과를 보여주었다. 그리고 차량시뮬레이터 실험 결과는 초보운전자가 일반운전자들에 비해 전반적으로 운전 수행능력이 저조한 것으로 나타났다. 특히 충돌횟수에서의 확연한 차이를 보여주었는데 이는 초보운전자들이 일반운전자들에 비해 복잡한 도로교통 상황에서 운전경험과 학습능력이 부족하기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 한편 초보운전자들은 일반운전자들에 비해 속도조절 능력, 위험예측 능력, 도로교통상황에 대한 인식 및 대처능력 등 전반적인 운전기술의 부족으로 인해 주행안정성이 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과는 초보운전자들이 일반운전자에 비해 안전운전교육 학습기회의 결여와 운전경험 미숙 등에 따른 것으로 판단되며 운전 상황에 대한 위험예측능력이 낮은 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 결론적으로 이러한 분석결과는 실제 운전상황에서 초보운전자 자신뿐만 아니라 타인에게도 위험 요소로서 작용할 가능성이 높으므로 적절한 안전대책이 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.186-194
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• 2006

Traffic accident involved with the vulnerable pedestrian is one of the significant concerns, which has higher possibility of fatality than any other accident types. Worldwide significant efforts have been made to establish a vehicle safety regulation, which is internationally agreed, in order to reduce pedestrian casualties in pedestrian-vehicle collisions. One of the key issues in deriving the regulation is how to effectively select the parameter values associated with the regulation. This study firstly develops a method to optimize parameter values. An optimizing problem in terms of maximizing safety benefits, which are life-saving effects by the regulation, is formulated. Extensive actual accident data analysis and simulations are conducted to establish several statistical models to be used in the proposed optimization procedure. A set of parameter values that can produce maximizing life-saving effects is presented as the outcome of this study. It is expected that the proposed method would play a significant role in determining parameters as a decision support tool toward ensuring better pedestrian safety.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.22-34
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• 2019

본 연구는 2015년 12월 수립된 제1차 학교안전사고 예방 계획을 기초로 학교에서 시행하고 있는 학교안전사고 예방 34개 세부과제를 평가하고 학교안전사고 예방을 위한 세부과제들 중 우선순위를 두고 추진해야 할 과제를 분석하여 향후 개선방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 전국 24개 학교안전 연구학교 교직원 614명을 대상으로 학교안전사고 예방 계획 추진과 제별 실현 수준 및 확대 필요성에 대한 인식수준을 조사하였다. 조사결과는 보리치(Borich) 요구도 분석을 통하여 중점 추진과제에 대한 순위를 제시하였다. 연구 결과, 연구학교 교직원들의 학교안전 개선 체감도는 전반적으로 높았으며, 가장 충실하게 시행된 정책과제는 교직원 대상 응급처치교육, 학교급식 안전관리, 학생 교통안전사고 예방활동 순이었다. 대다수의 설문참여자들은 해당 정책들이 잘 추진되고 있으며 지금보다 더 확대되고 강화되어야 한다고 응답하였다. 특히, '학교안전을 위해 교육청과 지역사회 관련기관의 긴밀한 협력', '수상 안전사고 예방교육 활동'이 더 적극적으로 시행할 필요성이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.67-86
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• 2007

This study is about the drunken drivers' accident patterns and behavior and aims at providing basic data for developing measures to secure safety against accidents by drunken drivers and programs to cultivate good drinking habits. For this purpose, this study conducted a questionnaire of 800 persons over 20 years of age in the selected 20 companies with more than 30 employees in the 4 regions(Daegu, Masan, Changwon, and Jinhae) and analysed the 653 sheets except invalid ones among the returned 673 survey sheets in total(return rate 84.13%), and the researcher conducted a man-to-man interview with each subject from June 20th to July 31st 2006. The result are as the following. As the experience of causing an accident by drinking, the 79.1% of them had the experience, and in case of the subjects with excessive drinking over 4 times a year, the rate of the accident by drinking showed as high as 90.5%. As the patterns of accidents, in male subjects, violence(38.5%) and traffic accidents(37.1%) showed high, while in the female, hurts from falls and fall accidents(40.2%) were found be high. In case of the traffic accidents among the accidents by drinking, the rate of causing serious damage to the life was found to be 89.3%, so it showed that the traffic accidents caused by drinking were influencing on the life much. In conclusion, the drinking problem may be controlled by each individual's will, but without change of social environment and system around people, the problem can not be eradicated. Therefore there should be social infrastructure which can help people to actively live their life with exercises and hobbies, and in order to prevent the reoccurrence of a drink accident, and social structure in which there are education programs for drink accident causers and one can change the perception about drinking culture, should be formed.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.55-74
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• 1998

In the past most major accidents resulted in death, but today there is a dramatic increase in the number of people who survive such accidents but who are left with permanent injury. Particularly, children who are inquisitive about their surroundings but immature in their ability to assess danger, are more vulnerable to accidents and their causes as well as to determine attitudes towards prevention. The main objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of using an accident prevention manual for accident for accident prevention education. The study was a quasi-experimental study using a questionnaire format. The subjects of the study were 393 mothers of children attending six day care centers in Seoul. Data collection was done between May 1 and June 15, 1997. The tools used for the study were a questionnaire developed the researchers and a manual for accident prevention. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS. The results of the study are as follows: 1. Types of accidents included stabbing, bums, falls from heights, choking, falls on slippery surfaces, traffic accidents, drowning, poisoning, and electrical shock in that order of frequency. 2. The main causes of accidents in children were from cosmetics and household medications. 3. The most frequent locations of accidents in the home were the bathroom, kitchen, and stairways in that order. 4. For $90.4\%$ of children safety seats were not used when the ridding in a car. 5. In examining the parents' accident prevention practices, it was found that many parents used only . one electrical outlet for many appliances, tending to overload the electricity lines and that they were not practically concerned bout the flammability of children's pajamas, indicating a less than positive attitude towards fire prevention. 6. The parents had not provided their children with any instruction on accident prevention or on what to do after an accident had occurred. 7. After the use of pamphlet in an accident prevention education program, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference in the degree to which children carried out safety measures (t=14.96, p=.000) and in their safety habits (t=-1.67, p<.1) indicating an effectiveness in this method of education. The results of this study showed that there are many things in a child's environment that can cause accidents and that the possibility of an accident occurring is high. So nurses looking after children should be aware of the need for safety education to prevent accidents in the home and plan to provide appropriate educational material to help parents with this education.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.467-484
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to review, with the main focus on aviation safety technology and management program, how human factors are currently taken into consideration within transportation sectors, especially aviation, and to further share related information. Background: Human factors account for the majority of aviation accidents/incidents. Thus, the aviation sector has been comparatively quick in developing and applying technologies and management programs that deal with human factors. This paper reviews the latest safety technologies and management programs regarding human factors and aims to identify the trend. Method: This paper, based on literature research and practical experience, examines the latest international standards on technologies and management programs, those that deal with human factors and are adopted by international and domestic aviation organization. The main focus of discussion is how human factors are reflected during the system design and operation process. Results: The current most important issue in designing is the consideration of human factors in Cockpit, Automation, and Safety system technology design. From an operational point of view, the issues at hand are screening and training aviation workers to promote aviation safety, providing education on human factors and CRM/TEM, and running a safety management program to implement SMS. They were discussed based on the operational experience within the aviation sector. Conclusion: Major examples of a human factors approach to promote aviation safety are safety programs and various safety and monitoring technologies applied to aviation personnel for error management. These programs must be managed in an integrated manner that takes both the system designing and operational point of view into account. Application: It is thought that the human factors approach for promoting aviation safety reviewed in this paper can be extended and applied to safety management programs in other transportation sectors such as the railroad, maritime, road traffic etc.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.137-152
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• 2007

본 연구는 자동차 교통사고에 의한 도시를 유형화하고, 각 유형의 교통사고 특성을 밝히는 것을 목적으로 한다. 자동차 교통사고에 의한 유형도시는 4가지로, A유형은 서울시로 '자동차 용도와 사고유형'과 가장 강한 관련을 맺고 있고, B유형은 오산시로 교통사고 발생규모가 매우 큰 도시이다. C유형은 서울시의 위성도시와 광역시, 남동임해공업지역에 분포하는데, 교통사고의 발생규모가 작은 도시군이다. D유형은 의정부시를 포함한 57개 도시로 전국에 분포하는데, 전국평균보다 자동차 교통사고가 많은 도시군이다. 자동차 교통사고에 의한 각 도시유형과 교통사고 원인과의 관계에서 서울시는 안전거리 미확보, 기타 지역의 도로형태, 보행자 부상이 탁월하며, 오산시는 도로형태에서는 단일로 기타지역에서 많이 발생하며, 중앙선 침범, 14세 이하의 어린이 교통사고가 많이 발생하는 것이 그 특징으로 나타났다. 그리고 C유형은 제1당사자 법규위반에 기타가 포함되었으며, 도로형태에서 교차로 6m 미만에서의 교통사고가 많다는 점, 14세 이하의 어린이 교통사고와 보행자 부상에 의한 교통사고가 많은 것이 특징이다. 마지막으로 D유형은 제1당사자 법규위반, 교차로 운행방법, 61세 이상 부상 14세 이하의 부상, 보행자 부상이 많은 것이 특징이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.662-675
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data on preschool children for accident prevention and to improve their health through a sound, safe living environment with safety education established through more systematic methods. Data were collected from 516 preschoolers from 4 to 6 years old using APP paper test which consists of a question and drawing. The children's general characteristics and accident proneness prospect were investigated. The relationship between the children's general characteristics and the accident proneness prospect were analyzed. The findings of the study are as follows : 1. The institution which children attended had a significant difference in accordance with the living safety (p=.015) and behavioral character(p=.033). 2. The housing pattern in which children lived had a significant difference in accordance with the movement speed(p=.027). 3. The children's age had a significant difference in accordance with the living safety(p=.002), traffic safety(p=.001), the reasoning power(p=.000), movement speed(p=.00), movement stability(p=.000) and attentional power(p=.000). 4. The children's sex had a significant difference in accordance with the movement stability and behavioral character (p=.003, p=.008). 5. The children's past accidental experience had a significant difference in accordance with the behavioral character(p=.001). 6. General assessment of the APP test had a significant difference in accordance with the children's age(p=.000) and children's past accidental experience(p=.020).