• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.109-127
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• 2016

This paper examines the contribution of three sources of uncertainties to probabilistic seismic behaviour of wood frame buildings, including ground motions, intensity and seismic mass. This sensitivity analysis is performed using three methods, including the traditional method based on the conditional distributions of ground motions at given intensity measures, a method using the summation of conditional distributions at given ground motion records, and the Monte Carlo simulation. FEMA P-695 ground motions and its scaling methods are used in the analysis. Two archetype buildings are used in the sensitivity analysis, including a two-storey building and a four-storey building. The results of these analyses indicate that using data-fitting techniques to obtain probability distributions may cause some errors. Linear interpolation combined with data-fitting technique may be employed to improve the accuracy of the calculated exceeding probability. The procedures can be used to quantify the risk of wood frame buildings in seismic events and to calibrate seismic design provisions towards design code improvement.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.207-219
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• 2022

During the structural design of urban over-track high-rise buildings, two problems are most likely encountered: the abrupt change of story stiffness between the podium and the upper towers, as well as the demand for train-induced vibration control. Traditional earthquake-resistant structures have to be particularly designed with transfer stories to meet the requirement of seismic control under earthquakes, and thus horizontal seismic isolation techniques are recommended to solve the transfer problem. The function of mitigating the vertical subway-induced vibration can be integrated into the isolation system including thick rubber bearings and 3D composite vibration control devices. Engineering project cases are presented in this paper for a more comprehensive understanding of the engineering practice and research frontiers of urban over-track high-rise buildings in China.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.186-187
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• 2014

The principal government building of Kyungsanbuk-do was designed to show korean traditional architecture with tile-roofed house to reflect the image of Kyungsangbuk-do as the province of traditional culture. The roof of korean traditional architecture is the most importanat part that distinguishes the design character of a building and is important to determine degree of completion. As this is so, in the design phase, we reviewes the design documents about the proportional and slope of the roof, durability and sizes of component material and the structure of eaves. In the construction phase, it was required to cooperated with specialists of traditional architecture for realization of traditional beauty of the buildings as designed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2020

Due to the frequent occurrence of large-scale disasters such as recent earthquakes, the problem of the safety of old school buildings has emerged. The need to secure safety management technology through constant monitoring is increasing in an attempt to supplement old school buildings with weak disaster response capabilities. Traditional research is approaching the development of an existing sensor-based risk precursor information monitoring system. However, unlike this, in this study, we will focus on the development of a data analysis platform as part of the development of a continuous monitoring system that can be prepared for earthquakes, collapses, and fires, based on constantly measured data. For this reason, the development of a safety diagnostic algorithm based on the optimal sensor-attached points and sensor data reflecting the fragile characteristics of old school buildings was derived. Utilizing this, a message and action manual system for each management / use entity of school buildings after retirement was constructed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.98-99
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• 2018

Seismic retrofitting technologies have been paid attention to structural engineers for rehabilitations of existing building structures vulnerable to seismic loading conditions. This paper introduces the traditional strengtheing method applying externally-bonded steel frames to column and beam elements, and compares with the improved scheme using the frames with additional energy dissipation systems. Throughout experimental studies, it was observed that the method can be effective for promoting the seismic performance of seismic force-resisting systems by guaranteeing strong column-weak beam mechanism. Compared to the traditional manner, it was found that the new scheme can be more efficient for confirming capacity design concept, while energy dissipation systems can provide additional damping effects corresponding to lateral deformation which occurs at seismic force-resisting systems exposed to seismic excitations.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.171-183
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• 2018

Turner and Penn (1) from UCL have proved that Visibility Graph Analysis (VGA) can be used as a more accurate method to predict the pedestrian distribution in building spaces. However, this methodology neglects certain elements that are of special influence on pedestrian distribution in buildings, especially the entrances and exits. Based on Space Syntax, this dissertation improves on the traditional method of Visibility Graph Analysis, using three shopping centers in Shenzhen as examples, attempts to explore a new parameter - "attenuation index of pedestrians at the entrances and exits" - using relevant data of the entrances and exits of the three cases, and combines it with traditional VGA analysis through weighted calculation, in order to provide more accurate predictions of pedestrian patterns in shopping centers.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.885-887
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• 2003

The purpose of this investigation is to generate true orthophotos from high resolution satellite images. The major works of this research include 4 parts: (1) determination of orientation parameters, (2) generating traditional orthophotos using terrain model, (3) relief correction for buildings, and (4) process for hidden areas. To determine the position of satellites, we correct the onboard orientation parameters to fine tune the orbit. In the generation of traditional orthophotos, we employ orientation parameters and digital terrain model(DTM) to rectify tilt displacements and relief displacements for terrain. We, then, compute relief displacements for buildings with digital building model (DBM). To avoid double mapping, we detect hidden areas. Due to the satellite’s small field of view, an efficient method for the detection of hidden areas and building rectification will be proposed in this paper. Test areas cover the city of Kaohsiung in southern Taiwan. Test images are from the QuickBird satellite.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to establish a model of cultural sustainability in the traditional village. Cultural sustainability is being advanced by promoting the viability of traditional arts and the unique regional features of traditional culture, such as folklore, traditional landscapes, buildings and other environments of outstanding historical value. These cultural resources were also created or occurred at specific geographic locations at certain points in time by different individuals. The content of this study was to develop a model using indicators for cultural sustainability, and to apply and evaluate the model. In older to evaluate the model, Sonwon-ri village in Yongchon, located in Kyungsangbuk-do, was selected as the case study area. The major findings are as follows: 1) Sonwon-ri village has maintained the vernacular landscape except at the entrance of village. Also, the village people have pride and have adapted to the natural environment. 2) Sonwon-ri village has a self-sustaining system and circular network within its environmental capacity. Sonwon-ri village has many historical sites and buildings such as important folk resources, cultural assets, traditional houses and pavilions. 3) The people how the theory of fens-shui which interprets the location of village in relationship to a crane mountain with the village situated as a crane head. These symbolic and cultural elements have an important role in establishing the boundary of the village. From the research it can be seen that Sonwon-ri village kept many cultural sustainability indicators in terms of active factors, physical factors and psychological factors. By analysing the participation of different scientific disciplines and identifying disciplinary categories, this study provides a basis for understanding how cultural sustainability is subjected to research in the field of landscape planning and design.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.47-57
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to set the type of 'the New-hanok type Public Buildings' through a case study for the hanok public buildings completed after 2000 years, and to analyze planned properties of the type. This is significant Establishing legal status of 'the New-hanok type Public Buildings' and seeing review of application possibilities of the type for providing a systematic government support measures of 'the New-hanok type public buildings' when models developing future. Method: Method of research is the first to examine the current laws and established the definition and legal status of 'the New-hanok type Public Buildings'. Followed by Setting the type classification criteria as to classify the type of 'the New-hanok type public buildings' and research architectural overview of selected cases by Literature, Internet searches, etc. After systematizing of the types classification of analysis cases, Characteristics of the type of the building structure looks catch classify in spatial structure, function, beauty. Finally, review application possibilities of the type for systematic government support measures establish when models developing of 'the New-hanok type Public Buildings' through a comprehensive analysis. Result: Selected cases were categorized as 3 types according by structural standard based on the core concept of 'the New-hanok type Public Buildings' set in this study. This can be divided into 'Wooden Structure type' and 'Composite structure - Convergence type' and 'Composite structure - juxtaposed type', 'Wooden Structure type' was re-classified by divided into '(1)Traditional Korean Wooden Structure' and '(2)Laminated Wood Wooden Structure'.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.59-66
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• 2022

This study is to investigate the old buildings that have been built more than 50 years ago, targeting the areas of Seongan and Jungang-dong, the historic urban area of Cheongju. Their types and distribution characteristics are as follows. 1) First, the old buildings existing in downtown Cheongju account for 21.4% of 1,070 out of the total 5,000 buildings. Among them, wooden buildings before the 1950s accounted for 60% of them, resulting in severe aging. 2) Second, by use, 728 detached houses and 276 neighborhood living facilities account for 93.8% of the total, with 16 offices and 12 religious facilities. By structure, there are wood 65%, masonry 30%, and reinforced concrete 5% (54 buildings). By number of floors, the first floor 90%, the second floor 7.3%, and the third floor or higher 2.7% (30 buildings). The roof material is 51.6% of earthenware, followed by slate, cement, and slab. 3) Third, the old buildings are scattered all over the streets, and are concentrated in Namju-dong, Nammun-ro 1-ga-dong, Seoun-dong, and Sudong at the foot of Uamsan Mountain, a former refugee village. Also old buildings are distributed in Seoun-dong and Seokgyo-dong where hanok(korean traditional houses) are concentrated, in Namju and Nammunro 1 ga-dong blocks connected by alleys, and in cul-de-sac all over the place.