• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.1297-1309
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of shirt color, tie color, tone, perceiver' gender on impression formation by applying tone-in-tone coloration of shirt and necktie: coloration of two colors. This experiment was designed to utilize the $2{\times}6{\times}4{\times}2$ factorial designs. and they are shirt color(red, blue), tie color(red, yellow red, yellow, green, blue, purple), tone(vivid, light, dull, dark), and perceiver' gender(a male, a female). The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The stimuli were 48 upper body photographs which were color outputs by CAD system(4D-box program). The subjects of this research were 288 male and 288 female college students. There were established impression dimension from factor analysis 27 bi-polar adjectives and investigated the effect of interaction between each variable affected impression formations. The items of the adjectives are classified into 4 Impression dimensions: activity, potency, attractiveness, and tenderness. Shirt color, tie color, tone, and perceiver' gender influenced on impression formation. Specially, tie color and tone influenced on the 4 impression dimension greatly by interaction as well as independently. As a result tie is very important clue of impression formation in tone-in-tone coloration of shirt and necktie. Even though tie occupies only a small area in men's clothes it has great effect since it is close to the face.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.2221-2228
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• 2020

Background: Shoes cover the feet and ankle joints and come into contact with the ground directly during walking, and the shape of shoes is related to the muscle tone of the lower extremity muscles. However, no study has been conducted on the muscle tone of the lower extremity after wearing combat boots. Objectives: To compare and analyze the effects of walking in combat boots and in athletic shoes on muscle tone and stiffness, to identifying the effect of the characteristics of shoes on the muscle tone. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Thirty subjects were randomly divided into a combat boots group and an athletic shoes group, and interventions were implemented. Both groups walked for 30 minutes on a treadmill at 4.2 km/h. MyotonPRO was used to measure the muscle tone and stiffness of the lower extremity. The measuring sites were set to five muscles on both legs. Results: In the combat boots group, muscle tone and stiffness of the medial gastrocnemius on the dominant side, the muscle tone and stiffness of rectus femoris, and the muscle stiffness of hamstring on the non-dominant side significantly decreased after walking. In the athletic shoes group, there was no significant change in the muscle tone and stiffness. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used to inform the wearing combat boots while walking on a treadmill reduces the muscle tone and stiffness of the lower extremity compared to athletic shoes. It indicates that the restriction of joint movement occurring when wearing combat boots influences reducing muscle tone and stiffness.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.12-24
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficiency of systematic color combination for apparel and textile design. We planned the new color systems, HUE AND TONE COLOR SYSTEM 277 and HUE AND TONE COLOR SYSTEM 253 USED KOREAN TRADITIONAL COLORS. In order to emprove the efficiency, this study aims to explore the development of systematic color combination by computer graphics. With this purpose, this study progressed in the following order and we obtained these results. 1. First, we considered the possibility of the development of the systematic color combination used the new color system, HUE AND TONE COLOR SYSTEM 277. We considered the possibility of the development of the systematic color combination by graphic computer SDS-480. Through the experimental regulation of the RGB (Red, Green, Blue) and HLS (Hue, Lightness, Saturation) we obtained an approximation of the colors of the HUE AND TONE COLOR SYSTEM 277 on the CRT display of SDS-480. 2. We planned the new color system, HUE AND TONE COLOR SYSTEM 253 USED KOREAN TRADITIONAL COLORS for systematic color combination. 3. In a practical application, we tried five principal types of color combination in apparel and textile design, monochromatic combination, tone on tone combination, moderate combination, tonal combination, and contrast combination. 4. Furthermore, we applied the systematic color combination for the textile patterns by tone on tone combination. By using the systematic color combination for apparel and textile design, we realized the efficiency and utility of the systematic color combination.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to identify the analysis of men's wear color preference between Korean and Chinese college women. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The 24 color pictures and 5-point scales were used for evaluation of preference. Data were obtained from 120 Korean college women living in Kyeongnam, Korea and 120 Chinese college women living in Shandog, China on October and November 2010. For data analysis, ANOVA and Duncan-test were used by using SPSS program. Results of this study were as follows. Korean and Chinese college women, shirts hue, tie hue, and shirts/tie tone showed an independent effect on men's wear color preference. Interaction effects of Korean and Chinese college women and shirts hue, Korean and Chinese college women and tie hue, suit hue and shirts hue, shirts hue and shirts/tie tone, and tie hue and shirts/tie tone were found. These results suggested that men's wear color preference can be affected by Korean and Chinese college women, suit hue, shirts hue, tie hue, and shirts/tie tone.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제25권1E호
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• pp.32-35
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• 2006

The screech tone of underexpanded jet is numerically calculated without any specific modeling for the screech tone itself. Fourth-order optimized compact scheme and fourth-order Runge-Kutta method are used to solve the 2D axisymmetric Euler equation. Adaptive nonlinear artificial dissipation model and generalized characteristic boundary condition are also used. The screech tone, generated by a closed loop between instability waves and quasi-periodic shock cells at the near field, is reasonably analyzed with present numerical methods for the underexpanded jet having Mach number 1.13. First of all, the centerline mean pressure distribution is calculated and compared with experimental and other numerical results. The instantaneous density contour plot shows Mach waves due to mixing layer convecting supersonically, which propagate downstream. The pressure signal and its Fourier transform at upstream and downstream shows the directivity pattern of screech tone very clearly. Most of all, we can simulate the axisymmetric mode change of screech tone very precisely with present method. It can be concluded that the basic phenomenon of screech tone including the frequency can be calculated by using high-order and high-resolution schemes without any specific numerical modeling for screech tone feedback loop.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the effects of crocodile breathing exercise on pain, muscle tone, and muscle stiffness of non-specific low back pain patients. METHODS: The subjects were 37 patients with nonspecific low back pain. The patients were divided into two groups. The experimental group (EG) performed crocodile breathing exercise and the control group (CG) performed chest expansion breathing exercise. The intervention was conducted for 10 minutes every day for a total of eight weeks. Pain was measured using a VAS. Muscle tone and stiffness were measured using Myoton PRO. Two points were measured for muscle tone and muscle stiffness. They were measured at 30mm from the spinous process of the L1 and T10 vertebra. RESULTS: Pain, muscle tone and muscle stiffness at the T10 level showed a significant decrease in both EG and CG. Muscle tone and muscle stiffness in the L1 level area decreased significantly in the experimental group but the control group did not show any difference. The only statistically significant difference was observed in the L1 muscle tone between the pre and post intervention values. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that Crocodile breathing is a good method for managing pain, muscle tone, and muscle stiffness in non-specific low back pain patients.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.32-50
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• 2000

A descriptive exploratory design was used in this study to evaluate the effects of sponge bathing on physiological(heart rate, heart period, vagal tone, oxygen saturation, respiration) and behavioral responses in newly born 40 preterm infants from intensive care unit of S University Hospital in Seoul. Data has been collected from October, 1997 to March, 1999. The infants were between 27-33 weeks gestational age at birth, and were free of congenital defects. The subjects entered the protocol when they were medically stable (determined by initiation of feeding and discontinuation of all respiratory support) but still receiving neonatal intensive care. The infants' physiologic parameters were recorded a 10 - minute before, during, and after bathing. Continuous heart rate data were recorded on a notebook computer from the infant's EKG monitor. The data were digitized off-line on software(developed by Lee and Chang in Wavelet program) which detected the peak of the R wave for each heart beat and quantified sequential R-R intervals in msec(i.e. heart periods). Heart period data were edited to remove movement artifact. Heart period data were quantified as : 1) mean heart period; 2) vagal tone. Vagal tone was quantitfied with a noninvasive measure developed by Porges(1985) in Mxedit software. To determine behavioral status, tools were developed by Scafidi et al(1990) were used. Collected data were analyzed with the SPSS program using paried t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. The result were as follow. 1. The results of the ANOVAs indicated that vagal tone were signifcantly lower during bathing than baseline and post-bathing. There were significant differences in heart period and heart rate levels across the bathing. But the mean oxygen saturations and respirations were no differences. Also, there were no significant differences on behavioral sign, motor activity, behavioral distress, weight changes, morbidity, and hospitalization period. 2. To evaluate the relation between vagal tone and subsequent parameters, the two groups (the high group had 19 subjects and low group had 21subjects) were divided by the mean baseline vagal tone. Vagal tone measured prior to bathing were significantly associated with respiration before bathing, vagal tone during bathing, and the magnitude of change in both vagal tone. But, other subsequent reactivities were no differences in two groups. 3. Correlations were also calculated between vagal tone and the subsequent physiological reactivities from baseline through after- bathing. Correlations were significant between baseline vagal tone and baseline heart rate, between baseline vagal tone and baseline heart period, between baseline vagal tone and oxygen saturation after bathing. In summary, the bathing in this study showed a stressful stimulus on premature infants through there was significance in the physiological parameters. In addition, our study represents the documentation that vagal tone reactivity in response to clearly defined external stimulation provides an index of infant's status.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.327-336
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• 2002

본 논문의 목적은 찬피부색을 지닌 사람들이 자신의 이미지를 긍정적인 이미지로 관리하고 자신감 있는 의복색을 선택하여 의상연출에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 찬피부색을 지닌 사람들이 의복색에 따라 어떠한 시각적 이미지 평가가 나타나는지를 준 실험 방법으로 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Red계열의 의복색에서는 vivid 톤에서 긍정적인 이미지를, dull과 dark 톤에서 부정적인 이미지를 보여주었다. 2. Yellow계열의 의복색은 vivid, bright 톤에서 긍정적인 이미지를, dull, dark 톤에서 부정적인 이미지를, cool Yellow의 light 톤에서도 긍정적인 이미지 보여주는 것으로 나타났다. 3. warm Green의 의복색은 vivid, deep 톤에서, cool Green의 vivid 톤에서 긍정적인 이미지를 나타내었다. 4. warm Blue의 의복색은 vivid, deep 톤에서 긍정적인 이미지를, cool Blue의 vivid, bright 톤에서 긍정적인 이미지를 지니며, dull 톤에서 부정적인 이미지를 보여주는 것으로 나타났다. 5. Purple계열의 의복색은 vivid, deep, light 톤에서 긍정적인 이미지를, dull 톤에서 부정적인 이미지를 보여주는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.182-193
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• 2012

벨소리와 통화연결음 시장의 확대에 주목하여 음원소비가 감상용 음원에서 꾸미기용 음원으로의 활용 확대되는 시점에서 발신자와 수신자가 음원에 대하여 브랜드개성으로 인식하는지, 자아표현이 어떠한 방식으로 이루어 질 것인가에 관한 연구이다. 대학생 196명을 대상으로 본인의 자아이미지와 본인이 선택 혹은 선택 예정인 벨소리와 통화연결음이 일치하는지에 대한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 표본을 대상으로 SPSS 19.0 통계패키지를 사용하여 대응표본 t테스트를 실시한 결과 자아이미지의 요인으로 도출된 내향성, 외향성과 벨소리, 통화연결음의 요인으로 도출된 내향성과 외향성의 관계가 서로 불일치하였다. 즉 내향성을 가진 소비자는 외향적인 음원을, 외향적인 소비자는 내향적인 음원을 선택하고 있었다. 휴대전화 발신자는 벨소리와 통화연결음 등 음원을 선택함에 있어 본인이 아닌 상대방을 염두에 두어 본인의 자아이미지와 상반되는 브랜드개성을 가진 음원을 선택하는 즉 과시적 소비성향을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2008

NS-2 시뮬레이터는 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 유/무선 통신 시뮬레이터이다. IEEE 802.11 모듈이 NS-2로 구현된 이후, 많은 연구원들이 이것을 이용하여 다양한 MAC 계층 메커니즘에 대한 연구가 진행되었다. 이러한 연구에서 성능 상의 이슈로 가장 중요한 문제는 hidden terminal 문제이다. 그리고 이 문제를 해결을 하기 위해 Busy-tone를 이용하는 BTMA(Busy-tone Multiple Access) DBTMA(Dual Busy-tone Multiple Access) 등과 같은 방법들이 제안되었다. 이러한 Bust-tone을 사용하기 위해서는 충돌 방지를 위해 데이터 채널 이외의 주파수 대역을 사용하는 채널이 필요하며 다수개의 채널은 하나의 MAC 계층에서 관리 될 수 있어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 최신 버전의 NS-2에서 제공되는 IEEE 802.11 모듈을 이용하여 Busy-tone PHY 모듈을 구현하였고 이 모듈을 적용한 수정된 RI-BTMA를 구현하고 성능을 검증하였다.