• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2010

방사선치료의 최대 목표는 정상조직을 보호하고 종양부위에 방사선량을 충분히 조사하는 것이다. 그 중에서 환자호흡에 의한 문제점을 보안하기 위해 환자호흡에 따른 주기적 움직임을 분석하여 안정된 일정영역에서만 방사선이 조사되도록 하는 호흡동조방사선치료 방법이 임상에서 활용되고 있다. 본 논문은 특히 호흡에 의해 움직임 영향을 많이 받는 간암 환자 40명을 대상으로 실제 방사선 치료 계획에 이용되는 4D-CT와 호흡동조방사선 치료에 사용하는 RPM을 이용하여 간암의 움직임을 환자의 나이, 성별 및 움직임 방향으로 나누어 분석하였다. 움직임의 변화는 방향으로는 right-left($3.19{\pm}1.29$), anteroposterior($5.44{\pm}2.07$), craniocaudal($12.54{\pm}4.70mm$)이었고, 이는 성별과 관련이 없고 나이가 고령일수록 움직임이 크다는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 호흡에 의해 움직임으로 인한 치료부위의 방향이 변화가 생김으로 RPM 호흡동조방사선 치료로 움직임에 대한 보정을 실시하여 간암 치료에서 치료효과를 높일 수 있다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2009

The radioprotect effects of fractinated fucoidan, derived from Undaria pinnatifida sporophylls, were examined in lung injured rats treated with partial body irradiation. The right lung of Sprague-Dawley rats, eight separately grouped by including radiation only control group (ROG) and fucoidan+radiation treated group (FRG), were treated with various fraction of Undaria-derived fucoidan every other day by intraperitoneal injection 6 days prior to irradiation and during monitoring at 24 hours, 48 hours, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 12-weeks post-irradiation of 6 Mev/2 Gy. The rats were euthanized at completion of the treatment. Tissue samples from the injured lung, fixed in formaldehyde using lung perfusion prior to extraction, were H/E stained for histological analysis using optical microscopy. Interstitial congestion (IC), hemorrhage in alveolar sac (HM), number of macrophage (MP) and alveolar wall thickness (AWT) as a measure of early indication of fibrosis were measured. AWTs in 24 hrs post-irradiation rats increased in comparison with $2.49{\pm}0.06{\mu}m$ of control group by $3.67{\pm}0.09{\mu}m$, $3.21{\pm}0.08{\mu}m$ (p=0.013), $2.98{\pm}0.08{\mu}m$ (p=0.00) in ROG, F1-fucoidan+radiation, and F3-fucoidan+radiation group, respectively. AWT of the ROG was further increased by $4.30{\pm}0.13{\mu}m$ in the 12 weeks post-irradiation group, but AWT on average was $2.56{\pm}0.05{\mu}m$ in the FRG. MP in the 24 hrs post-irradiation group markedly increased in comparison with $2.6{\pm}0.34/0.14\;mm^2$ of the control group by $8.0{\pm}1.48/0.14\;mm^2$ in the ROG, but it was only $3.6{\pm}0.48/0.14\;mm^2$ in F3-FRG. MP in the 12 weeks post-irradiation group was $7.2{\pm}1.28/0.14\;mm^2$ in ROG, but it was $2.8{\pm}0.37/0.14\;mm^2$ or $2.4{\pm}0.4/0.14\;mm^2$ (p<0.05) in the FRG. In addition, increased IC and HM in ROG were relatively smaller in FRG of the 24 hr and 12 weeks post-irradiation rats. In conclusion, Undaria pinnatifida sporophylls-derived fucoidan fractions exhibited radioprotectant activity on injured rat lung subjected to X-ray irradiation. However, success was variable according to the fractions and also time of injection post injury.

• 폴리머
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 2015

난용성 약물인 아세클로페낙의 용해도를 개선하기 위해 약물과 고분자의 다른 비율을 사용하여 분무건조와 용매증발의 방법으로 Kollidon VA 64의 고체분산체를 제조하였다. 아세클로페낙을 포접하는 고체분산체의 형태학적, 물리화학적 분석을 하기 위해, 전자주사현미경(SEM), 푸리에변환 적외선분광법(FTIR), 시차주사 열량측정법(DSC) 등이 사용되었다. 포접률과 인공장액에서의 용출 거동은 HPLC를 사용하여 측정하였고, 비교를 위해 원약물과 시판제 Airtal$^{(R)}$이 사용되었다. 이것은 두 가지 방법에 따라 개선된 용출 거동을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.565-575
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• 2010

배경: 이식편을 개발함에 있어서 숙주의 면역반응을 최소화하여 보다 더 오래 사용할 수 있게 하기위한 방법으로 무세포화에 대한 연구가 시행되고 있다. 저자들은 소 심낭의 무세포화의 과정에 효소제인 트립신 전처치가 물리역학적, 조직학적으로 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 소 심낭편을 SDS와 Triton X-100 또는 N-lauroylsarcosinate와 Triton X-100으로 무세포화하는 것을 기본으로 한 군들과 0.1% 트립신/0.1% EDTA로 전처치를 추가한 군들에서 장력 검사를 실시하고, 생체 이식 후의 상태를 가정한 피로도 검사를 전후로 하여 투과도와 유순도는 검사하였고, 피로도 검사 전후로 조직학적인 변화를 광학현미경 및 전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 결과: 트립신 처치를 추가한군과 아닌 군에서 기계적 장벽의 차이는 없었으나, 투과도와 유순도는 피로도검사 전과 후로 트립신 처치를 하지 않은 군에 비해 증가하였으며, 조직학적으로도 세포외 기질이 더 손상된 소견을 보였다. 걸론: 소 심낭의 무세포화에서 트립신 전처치는 세포외 기질의 손상을 유발하지만 기계적 장력에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않았으며, 피로도검사 전후 모두 투과도와 유순도를 증가시켰다. 무세포화과정에서 트립신과 같은 단백질 분해 효소제를 이용하기 위해서는 조직의 생체 물리적 손상을 최소화할 수 있는 다양한 방법을 조합한 연구가 더 필요하다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.230-237
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• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Chronic gut inflammation is recognized as a risk factor for tumor development, including CRC. American ginseng is a very commonly used ginseng species in the West. Methods: A genetically engineered $Apc^{Min/+}$ mouse model was used in this study. We analyzed the saponin composition of American ginseng used in this project, and evaluated its effects on the progression of high-fat-diet-enhanced CRC carcinogenesis. Results: After oral ginseng administration (10-20 mg/kg/d for up to 32 wk), experimental data showed that, compared with the untreated mice, ginseng very significantly reduced tumor initiation and progression in both the small intestine (including the proximal end, middle end, and distal end) and the colon (all p < 0.01). This tumor number reduction was more obvious in those mice treated with a low dose of ginseng. The tumor multiplicity data were supported by body weight changes and gut tissue histology examinations. In addition, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that compared with the untreated group, ginseng very significantly reduced the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-$1{\alpha}$ (IL-$1{\alpha}$), IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in both the small intestine and the colon (all p < 0.01). Conclusion: Further studies are needed to link our observed effects to the actions of the gut microbiome in converting the parent ginsenosides to bioactive ginseng metabolites. Our data suggest that American ginseng may have potential value in CRC chemoprevention.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.66-76
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• 2010

폐쇄성 수면무호흡(obstructive sleep apnea, OSA)은 수면 중에 반복적으로 상기도의 완전폐쇄나 부분폐쇄가 일어나는 질환으로서 흡기된 공기는 반드시 상기도라는 연조직 관(tube) 구조를 통과해야 하므로 상기도의 폐쇄경향은 관의 형태 및 관을 통과하는 공기의 유체역학적 특성에 따라서도 큰 영향을 받을 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 OSA 환자 3인의 치료 전 상기도 CT 이미지를 이용하여 개별화된 3차원 유한요소모델 A, B, C를 제작하고, 비공 당 170, 200, 230 ml/s의 흡기유량에 대하여 3차원 전산유체역학 해석을 시행하였다. 상기도의 유속, 음압 그리고 압력강하를 측정한 결과 관찰된 3개의 모델에서 모두 단면적이 가장 작은 부위에서 유속이 증가하였고, 음압이 크게 나타났다. 기도의 형태는 구개인두와 구인두 부위에서 좁아지는 형태를 가지며, 최소 단면적 영역과 하인두 단면적의 차이가 클수록 유속과 음압의 변화가 크게 나타났다. 비강 부위의 최고 압력과 최소 단면적 영역의 최저 압력의 차이를 의미하는 압력강하는 상기도 저항을 종합적으로 판단할 수 있는 유용한 지표이며, 유량에 따라 증가하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2005

Objects : With the advancement of tissue engineering techniques, the effort to develop bioartificial mucosa have been actively delivered. The problem we met with this technique is the lack of mechanical strength between kerationocyte layer and dermal layer, where in the normal skin and mucosa, they are tightly bound with rete ridge structure. The purpose of this study is to understand the 2D and 3D structure of rete ridge of mucosa and skin paddle for rendering more biomimetic structure to the artificial mucosa. Materials and Methods : Oral mucosa and skin from the patients who received the oral surgery and maxillofacial reconstruction were harvested. The epidermis was separated from the dermis after treating with dispase for 12-16 hours. H&E staining was performed for 2D(dimensional) structure study and confocal LASER and SEM study were performed for 3D structure. Mean height(Sc) and arithmetic mean deviation(Sa) of all surface height were calculated. Results : The average height of rete ridge of skin flap was between $67.14{\mu}m$ and $194.55{\mu}m$. That of oral mucosa was between $146.26{\mu}m$ and $167.51{\mu}m$. Pressure bearing area and attached gingiva of oral mucosa showed deeper rete ridges. Conclusion : To obtain the adequate strength of artificially cultured keratinocyte skin and mucosa flap, it is necessary to imitate the original skin and mucosa structure, especially rete ridge. Through this study, 2D and 3D rete ridge structure of normal mucosa and skin was obtained. These results can be used as basis for substrate morphology for keratinocytes culture.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2010

Introduction: In our previous studies, we isolated porcine skin-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pSDMSCs) from the ears of adult miniature pigs and evaluated the pluripotency of these pSDMSCs based on expressions of transcription factors, such as Oct-4, Sox-2, and Nanog. Moreover, the characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells was revealed by the expression of various mesenchymal stem cell markers, including CD29, CD44, CD90, and vimentin. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo osteogenesis after maxillary sinus lift procedures with autogenous pSDMSCs and scaffold. Materials and Methods: The autogenous pSDMSCs were isolated from the 4 miniature pigs, and cultured to 3rd passage with same methods of our previous studies. After cell membranes were labeled using a PKH26, $1{\times}10^{7}$ cells/$100{\mu}L$ of autogenous pSDMSCs were grafted into the maxillary sinus with a demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and fibrin glue scaffold. In the contralateral control side, only a scaffold was grafted, without SDMSCs. After two animals each were euthanized at 2 and 4 weeks after grafting, the in vivo osteogenesis was evaluated with histolomorphometric and osteocalcin immunohistochemical studies. Results: In vivo PKH26 expression was detected in all specimens at 2 and 4 weeks after grafting. Trabecular bone formation and osteocalcin expression were more pronounced around the grafted materials in the autogenous pSDMSCs-grafted group compared to the control group. Newly generated bone was observed growing from the periphery to the center of the grafted material. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that autogenous skin-derived mesenchymal stem cells grafting with a DBM and fibrin glue scaffold can be a predictable method in the maxillary sinus floor elevation technique for implant surgery.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2006

Nebulin is a giant ($600{\sim}900$ kDa), modular sarcomeric protein proposed to regulate the assembly, and to specify the precise lengths of actin filamints in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Recently, There is an evidence that the nebulin also expressed in non muscle tissue, brain and liver. We identified a new isoform of nebulin from adult brain library by PCR screening. It contains two simple-repeats exon 165, 166 and linker-repeats exon $154{\sim}161$ except exon 159. The nebulin modules M160 to M170 (exon 150 to exon 161) has been shown to bind desmin. In mature striated muscle, desmin intermediate filaments surround Z-discs and link individual myofibrils laterally at their Z-discs and to other intracellular structures, including the costameres and the intercalated discs of the sarcolemma, sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, T-tubules, and nuclei. Therefore, it is an interesting possibility that the differential splice pathways within the linker region of nebulin modify the affinity of nebulin's interaction with desmin. The specific interactions of nebulin and desmin were confirmed in vivo by yeast two hybrid experiments. To verify in the cellular level the interaction between nebulin isoform and desmin, we transfected COS-7 cell with EGFP-tagged nebulin and DsRed-tagged desmin. Based on evidence showing that despite exon 159 was deleted, the new isoform of nebulin was interact with desmin. This suggest that nebulin in brain may interact with another intermediate filament. The conservation of these ligand-binding capacity in brain and skeletal nebulins suggest that nebulins may have conserved roles in brain and skeletal muscle.

• BMB Reports
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.297-303
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• 2006

As lipolytic enzymes, GDSL lipases play an important role in plant growth and development. In order to identify their functions and roles, the full-length cDNA of a GDSL lipase gene, designated BnLIP2, was isolated from Brassica napus L. BnLIP2 was 1,300 bp long, with 1,122 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 373 amino acid residues. Sequence analysis indicated that BnLIP2 belonged to GDSL family. Southern blot analysis indicated that BnLIP2 belonged to a small gene family in rapeseed genome. RT-PCR analysis revealed that BnLIP2 was a tissue-specific expressing gene during reproductive growth and strongly expressed during seed germination. BnLIP2 expression could not be detected until three days after germination, and it subsequently became stronger. The transcript of this gene was deficient in root of seedlings growing at different stages. When juvenile seedlings were treated by methyl jasmonate (MeJ), salicylic acid (SA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), BnLIP2 expression could not be induced in root. Our study implicates that BnLIP2 probably plays an important role in rapeseed germination, morphogenesis, flowering, but independent of root growth and development.