• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.217-225
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• 2001

Any fracture passing through the socket of a teeth is compounded intraorally, even if the fracture is not displaced and the tooth is firm in its socket. Before the advent of antibiotic therapy the danger of infection in a compounded fracture posed severe problems in treatment. Infection is reduced by antibiotic therapy but prolonged use of antibiotics is not justified in an attempt to save a tooth which might eventually be sacrificed. There is still controversy in the management of third molar in mandibualr angle fracture, particulary in regard to their retention or removal at the time of fracture treatment. So we surveyed the 159 patients who were treated with open reduction of mandibular angle fracture containing third molar in fracture line, and compared with the postoperative infection rate depending on time intervals between injury and operation, eruption state of third molar, non-extraction or extraction of third molar related to eruption state, non-extraction or extraction of third molar related to condiition of third molar and its surrounding periodontium and were to propose treatment guidline of third molar in mandibular angle fracture The results obtained were as follows : 1. There were no statistical significance between the time from injury to operation and postoperative infection. 2. There were no statistical significance between eruption state of third molar and postoperative infection. 3. In case of retention of the third molar, there were no statistical significance between eruption state of third molar and postoperative infection, but in case of extraction, postoperative infection was high rate in complete impacted cases. 4. There were no statistical significance between non-extraction or extraction of third molar and postoperative infection depending on condition of third molar. There are no difference in infection rate statistically according to the time from injury to operation, eruption state and condition of third molar, but retention of third molar revealed lowered infection rate in completely impacted cases. By terms of the manegement of third molar, we should extract or preserve third molar in the line of the mandibular angle fracture according to possibility of infection.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.858-864
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• 1990

In an attempt to establish efficient extraction conditions of beef extract by hot water extraction, effects of extraction time, temperature and amount of added water were investigated. Beef extract was prepared with three different extraction conditions and quality parameters for optimization of extraction condition were content of total nitrogen, non protein nitrogen and collagen in terms of extractability. As a result, in order to produce beef extract from beef by hot water extraction, it was efficient to extract at $97^{\circ}C$ for 75 minutes with the addition of 2.5 times water. Proper extraction condition under pressure was at $125^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes with the addition of 2 times water.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.545-550
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• 2012

A 17-run Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the extraction conditions of astaxanthin from shrimp waste. Three factors such as ratio of ethanol to raw material, extraction temperature ($^{\circ}C$) and extraction time (min) were investigated. The adjusted coefficient of determination ($R^2{_{adj}}$) for the model was 0.9218, and the probability value (p=0.0003) demonstrated a high significance for the regression model. The optimum extraction conditions were found to be: optimized ratio of ethanol to raw material 29.7, extraction temperature $49.5^{\circ}C$ and extraction time 59.9 min. Under these conditions, the mean extraction yield of astaxanthin was $17.80{\mu}g/g$, which was in good agreement with the predicted model value. Under these conditions, validation experiments were done and the mean extraction yield of astaxanthin was $17.77{\mu}g/g$, which is in good agreement with the predicted model value.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.117-124
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• 2000

Considering the thermal unstableness of ginseng components, microwave-assisted extraction(MAE) was performed under the atmospheric pressure condition. The monitoring of extraction characteristics and the optimization of extraction conditions were made by response surface methodology. The extraction efficiency of soluble ginseng components was high at lower ethanol concentration and at higher microwave power, while crude saponin content was easily extracted at higher ethanol concentration. Estimated conditions for the maximized extraction of soluble components including crude saponin, total phenolics and electron donating ability were $54{\sim}60%$ in ethanol concentration, $41{\sim}90$ W in microwave power, and within 4 min in extraction time. Predicted values at the optimum condition(60% ethanol, 80 W microwave power and 4 min extraction time) were in good agreement with observed values.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.565-570
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• 2018

In this study, the antioxidant was extracted from Broussonetia kazinokii using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and optimized by using a response surface methodology. The response value of the central composite design model establishes the extraction yield and the DPPH radical scavenging activity. The extraction time and temperature and volume ratio of ethanol/ultrapure water were selected as quantitative factors. When considering both the main and interaction effects, the factor having the greatest influence on the extraction yield and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was the volume ratio of ethanol/ultrapure water. The results of optimal extraction conditions were the extraction time (19.92 min), volume ratio of ethanol/ultrapure water (54.23%), and ultrasonic irradiation power (557.65 W). We could also obtained expected results of the yield = 38.93 wt% and DPPH radical scavenging activity = 55.33% under these conditions.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.104-110
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• 2021

This study was conducted to confirm the change in the contents of the ingredients according to the extraction method of nipa palm. The contents were analyzed by extraction according to the ethanol ratio, extraction time, and extraction temperature. The contents of polyphenols and flavonoids according to the ratio of the extraction solvent were the highest at 36.91 and 27.62 mg/g, respectively, when extracted with 50% ethanol. Polyphenols and flavonoids according to extraction temperature and extraction time showed the highest content of 40.83 and 37.63 mg/g, respectively, when extracted for 6 hours at 60℃. The contents of the major component of nipa palm according to the ethanol ratio were 2.08 mg/g in 70% ethanol for 5-O-caffeoylshikimic acid, 0.10 mg/g for 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in 30% ethanol, and 0.12 mg/g for 3,4- hydroxybenzoic acid in 50% ethanol. It is expected that it can be used as basic research data when developing natural materials such as food and cosmetics through the change in the contents of the ingredients contained in nipa palm according to the extraction methods.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.468-474
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• 2013

Ginseng seed oil was prepared using compressed, solvent, and supercritical fluid extraction methods of ginseng seeds, and the extraction yield, color, phenolic compounds, fatty acid contents, and phytosterol contents of the ginseng seed oil were analyzed. Yields were different depending on the roasting pretreatment and extraction method. Among the extraction methods, the yield of ginseng seed oil from supercritical fluid extraction under the conditions of 500 bar and $65^{\circ}C$ was the highest, at 17.48%. Color was not different based on the extraction method, but the b-value increased as the roasting time for compression extraction was increased. The b-values of ginseng seed oil following supercritical fluid extraction were 3.54 to 15.6 and those following compression extraction after roasting treatment at $200^{\circ}C$ for 30 min, were 20.49, which was the highest value. The result of the phenolic compounds composition showed the presence of gentisic acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, and cinnamic acid in the ginseng seed oil. No differences were detected in phenolic acid levels in ginseng seed oil extracted by compression extraction or solvent extraction, but vanillic acid tended to decrease as extraction pressure and temperature were increased for seed oil extracted by a supercritical fluid extraction method. The fatty acid composition of ginseng seed oil was not different based on the extraction method, and unsaturated fatty acids were >90% of all fatty acids, among which, oleic acid was the highest at 80%. Phytosterol analysis showed that ${\beta}$-sitosterol and stigmasterol were detected. The phytosterol content of ginseng seed oil following supercritical fluid extraction was 100.4 to 135.5 mg/100 g, and the phytosterol content following compression extraction and solvent extraction was 71.8 to 80.9 mg/100 g.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1010-1018
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• 1988

This paper proposes a MOS circuit extractor which extracts a netlist from the hierarchical mask information, for the verification tools. To utilize the regularity and the simple representation of the hierarchical circuit, and to reduce the debug cycle of design, verification, and modification, we propose a hierarvhical and incremental circuit extraction algorithm. In flat circuit extraction stage, the multiple storage quad tree is used as an internal data structure. Incremental circuit extraction using the hierarchical structure is made possible, to reduce the re-extraction time of the modified circuit.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• v.68
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• pp.282-292
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• 2018

This study aimed to compare the chemical composition of Morus nigra leaves extracts, obtained by maceration, accelerated solvent (ASE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) under different extraction conditions. With regards to chemical composition, mainly phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified. HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS allowed the identification of 13 new compounds reported in M. nigra leaves for the first time. ASE as a fast, green and innovative approach, seems to be the best choice for extracting compounds of different polarities within the shortest extraction time. The present study also highlights the potential application of M. nigra extracts as constituents of new added-value formulations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.604-608
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• 2002

Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) was used for a rapid and simple extraction of propylenchlorohydrin (PCH) residue in hydroxylpropyl modified starch. The effects of temperature, pressure and extraction solvent on the extraction efficiency were investigated to find the optimal condition of ASE. The optimal conditions for PCH extraction in hydroxylpropyl modified starch were static time of 50 min, purge time of 300 sec, heating time of 5min, temperature of 12$0^{\circ}C$, pressure of 2500 psi, flush (%) with 100 volumes, and ethylacetate as an extraction solvent. The recovery (96.1%) of this method was higher than that (76.4%) of Code of Food Additive. Therefore, the ASE was a good method in both aspects of efficiency and effectiveness.