• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.44 no.4 s.141
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• pp.271-276
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• 2005

To investigate feeding behaviour of the greenpeach aphid (Myzus persicae) on several plants, DC electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique was used. We chose 5 plants including pepper, melon, cabbage, radish, and eggplant which were known as major host Plants of this species. This study was focused whether feeding patterns of the aphid were different and which plants would be the most preferable among 5 host plants. The time from initial proboscis contact with a each leaf until the first electrical contact, as a measure of the time taken for the stylet penetration, the time from electrical contact to the first potential drop as a time consumed until intracellular sampling, the number of potential drops per an hour during periods of regular intercellular pathway probing, and the time from electrical contact to tile first phloem specific pattern indicating the time taken to reach and attempt to feed upon the phloem were analysed. As a result, except the number of potential drop, there was no significant differency of feeding patterns among 5 plants. However, the feeding patterns related on host acceptability were observed more frequently from Pepper, radish, and e99r1an1 than melon and cabbage.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.153-159
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• 2015

Inorganic pigments have been received a great attention for various applications including paint, glazed ceramic ink, art tile, and building exterior due to their excellent thermal and chemical stability. Traditionally, the compositions of $PbCrO_4$, CdS and CdSe have been widely used as a yellow inorganic pigment. However, the use of these compositions has been restricted in recent years, because they contain harmful elements such as Cd, Cr, Pb and Se. In this study, new environment-friendly ceria-based pigment was synthesized using solid state reaction. Crystal structure and morphology of the obtained $Ce_{1-x}Zr_xBi_yO_{2-y/2}$ yellow pigment were analyzed using XRD and SEM, respectively. Substitutional effect of Zr and Bi on the pigment color was analyzed using UV-vis. spectrophotometer and CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ analysis. The crystal structure of the obtained pigments was dependent on the calcination temperature. The color characteristics and absorption band of the pigments were dependent on the calcination temperature and Zr, Bi contents. As a result, all the obtained yellow pigments showed the effective absorption ranged from ultraviolet to visible light, and $Ce_{0.44}Zr_{0.36}Bi_{0.20}O_{0.19}$ (x = 0.36, y = 0.20) pigment showed the most brilliant yellow color.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2010

Glass was fabricated by using refused coal ore obtained from Dogye coal mine in Samchuk. We additionally used soda ash and calcium carbonate as raw materials to make a glass with the chemical composition of soda-lime glass. And the properties of glass were measured when limestone was used as natural raw materials instead of calcium carbonate as chemical raw materials. Transparent glass was fabricated by melting raw materials at $1550^{\circ}C$ for 1 hr in an electrical furnace. The various kinds of glass samples were fabricated according to the kinds of refused coal ore and glass cullet. The optical properties of transmittance and color chromaticity were measured by UV/VIS/NIR spectrometer and the thermal properties of thermal expansion coefficient and softening point were measured. Transparent glass with the transmittance of over 70% in visible range was fabricated by using normal refused coal ore and black colored glass with the transmittance of 0~35% was fabricated by using shel1 type refused coal ore. Therefore, it is concluded that refused coal ore can be used for raw materials to manufacture secondary glass products such as a glass tile and foamed glass panel for construction material.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.363-370
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• 2016

Lightweight geopolymers are more readily produced and give higher fire resistant performance than foam cement concrete. Lowering the density of solid geopolymers can be achieved by inducing chemical reactions that entrain gases to foam the geopolymer structure. This paper reports on the effects of adding different concentrations of aluminum powder on the properties of cellular structured geopolymers. The apparent density of lightweight geopolymers has a range from 0.7 to $1.2g/m^3$ with 0.025, 0.05 and 0.10 wt% of a foaming agent concentration, which corresponds to about 37~60 % of the apparent density, $1.96g/cm^3$, of solid geopolymers. The compressive strength of cellular structured geopolymers decreased to 6~18 % of the compressive strength, 45 MPa of solid geopolymers. The microstructure of geopolymers gel was equivalent for both solid and cellular structured geopolymers. The workability of geopolymers with polyprophylene fibers needs to be improved as in fiber-reinforced cement concrete. The lightweight geopolymers could be used as indoor wall tile or board due to fire resistance and incombustibility of geopolymers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.55-61
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• 1987

This study was carried out to investigate the changes in the pH, extractability of protein, ATPase activity of myofibrillar protein, myofibrillar fragmentation, freezing loss and drip loss during storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $-20^{\circ}C$ in breast and leg muscle of spent-hen meat. pH values ill pectoral and leg muscle were lowest ell tile 1st day and 1st week during cold and frozen storage, respectively. The extractabilities of myofibrillar proteins were increased graduall during cold storage and were highest on the 1st week during frozen storage, The $Mg^{2+}-ATPase$ activities of myofibrillar proteins were highest on the 1st day and 1st week during cold and frozen storage, respectively. The myofibrillar fragmentations were greatly changed on the 1st day during cold storage and 1st week during frozen storage. Freezing losses and drip losses were increased gradually during frozen storage. pH values in breast muscle were lower than those of leg muscle, and the extractabilities, $Mg^{2+}-ATPase$ activities, fragmentations of myofibrillar proteins, and drip losses in breast muscle were higher than those of leg muscle during storage, but the patterns of the changes in both muscles were similar during storage.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.5 no.1 s.8
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• pp.100-110
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• 2001

In this paper, we investigated several buffer management schemes for the design of shared-memory type ATM switches, which can enhance the utilization of switch resources and can support quality-of-service (QoS) functionalities. Our results show that dynamic threshold (DT) scheme demonstrate a moderate degree of robustness close to pushout(PO) scheme, which is known to be impractical in the perspective of hardware implementation, under various traffic conditions such as traffic loads, burstyness of incoming traffic, and load non-uniformity across output ports. Next, we considered buffer management strategies to support QoS functions, which utilize parameter values obtained via connection admission control (CAC) procedures to set tile threshold values. Through simulations, we showed that the buffer management schemes adopted behave well in the sense that they can protect regulated traffic from unregulated cell traffic in allocating buffer space. In particular, it was observed that dynamic partitioning is superior in terms of QoS support than virtual partitioning.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.25-32
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• 2004

Some amount of cements can be added into the soil with high water content to improve the engineering properties. In such a case, it is difficult to predict and figure out the phase changes of the soil-cement mixture which is closely associated with workability of the soil-cement mixture. Changes in heat of hydration and hardness of the cement pastes are known to provide the useful information about the phase changes of the soil-cement mixtures. In this study, heat of hydration and cone penetration depth were measured from the specimens of cement paste and 3 soil-cement mixtures. From the experimental results, it was found that the phase changes of the soil-cement mixtures are the same as those of cement paste, and that shear strength of the mixtures abruptly increases when the heat of hydration is minimum. Initial setting time of the mixtures coincides with the state when fall cone penetration depth was 1.0 mm and it is defined as plastic limit of the mixtures. Initial setting time of the mixtures is retarded as soil/cement ratio is increased. Measurements of heat of hydration and fall cone apparatus could be the useful tools to predict the phase changes of tile soil-cement mixtures.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.3
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• pp.709-716
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• 2004

This paper describes an intelligent real-time monitoring system of a semiconductor processing equipment, which determines normal or not for a wafer in processing, using multiple time-series pattern recognition. The proposed system consists of three phases, initialization, learning and real-time prediction. The initialization phase sets the weights and tile effective steps for all parameters of a monitoring equipment. The learning phase clusters time series patterns, which are producted and fathered for processing wafers by the equipment, using LBG algorithm. Each pattern has an ACI which is measured by a tester at the end of a process The real-time prediction phase corresponds a time series entered by real-time with the clustered patterns using Dynamic Time Warping, and finds the best matched pattern. Then it calculates a predicted ACI from a combination of the ACI, the difference and the weights. Finally it determines Spec in or out for the wafer. The proposed system is tested on the data acquired from etching device. The results show that the error between the estimated ACI and the actual measurement ACI is remarkably reduced according to the number of learning increases.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.213-219
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• 2010

The research, based on 200 cases of small interior works in6 different floor area types of apartment in Busan, intended to compare the architectural work with the breakdown structure and analyze the cost of general small-scale interior work, by work type. The outcome of the research is outlined as follows. (1) Given the cost of small interior works for apartmentsranges from 10 million to 15 million won, which correspond to apartments ranging in size from $79.2m^2$ (24PY) to $105.6m^2$, it is necessary to implement a cost analysis for material cost and labor cost for these two types. (2) Given that small interior work for apartments comprises mostly finishing work, unlike the categoriesof general architectural work, it is more reasonable to classify the works into 9 categories,which include embellishment, wood, tile, paint, metal, toilet, sink & furniture, electric & mechanical and other works, instead of the 22 divisions stipulated in the Korean Architectural Standard Specification. (3) After reviewing the average cost of small interior work and rate by floor area, it was found thatthe average cost of 24PY was 10.5 million won, of which metal work accounts for 12.8%, embellishment work 17.8%, and toilet 19.7%, while sink & furniture appeared to be the highest with 22.1%, while for 32PY, average cost was 12.5 million won,which comprises 7.4% wood work, sink & furniture 20.2%, toilet 23.4% and embellishment work the highest at 28.6%, indicating that embellishment work accounts for the greater portion.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.22 no.4 s.57
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• pp.244-250
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• 1983

This study was carried out to analyst the damage due to the brown planthopper, Nilapalvata lugens Stal, at different stages(maximum tillering, booting, heading, and milking) of rice. The results are as follows: The population density of the migrating and the first generations of the brown planthoppers seemed not to be large enough to cause significant effects on the plant height and the number of tillers, while the second and the third generations caused significant reduction in 1000 grain weight(Yl) and the filled grain percentage$(Y_2)$. They were very closely related to the population density(X) of tile second generation of the BPH; $$Y1(g)=25.602-0.0213X(r=-0.5205^{**})$$ $$Y2(\%)=76.97-0.1370X(r=-0.4820^{**})$$ The relationship between rice yield (Yg) and the accumulated total density (X) of BPH per hill by the time of harvest; $$Y(g)=24.694-0.0576X(r=-0.6959^{**})$$ Since the source of the outbreak BPH is the first generation, it nay conclude that the detailed information on the population status of the first generation; density, age components, ratio of the brachypterous form, are very important in relation to management of the pest.