• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2007

Urine cytology is an important screening tool for urinary tract neoplasms. Liquid-based preparation methods, such as $ThinPrep^{(R)}$, have been introduced for non-gynecological samples. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of liquid-based preparations in urine cytology by comparing the results of the conventional Cytospin preparation method for the same samples. A total of 236 cases subject to urine cytology were enrolled in this study from January 2005 to December 2005. All cases were subjected to cystoscopy and if a malignancy was suspected, a biopsy was performed. Urine cytology slides were made using the $ThinPrep^{(R)}$ preparation method and the conventional Cytospin and/or direct smear method from the individual samples. The results of urine cytology were compared with the final cystoscopic or histological diagnoses. We analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of both cytology preparation methods. A total of 236 slides made using the liquid based method were satisfactory for slide quality, whereas 5 slides (2.1%) prepared by conventional methods were unsatisfactory because of air-drying, a thick smear, or a bloody or inflammatory background. The $ThinPrep^{(R)}$ method showed 53.1% sensitivity, 92.6% specificity, a 92,6% positive predictive value, a 94.1% negative predictive value and 85,6% accuracy, while the conventional method showed 51% sensitivity, 98.4% specificity, a 92.6% positive predictive value, a 98.4% negative predictive value and 88,6% accuracy. Although the diagnostic values were equivalent between the use of the two methods, the quality of the cytology slides and the time consumed during the microscopic examination for a diagnosis were superior for the $ThinPrep^{(R)}$ method than for the conventional method. In conclusion, our limited studies have shown that the use of the liquid based preparation method is beneficial to improve the quality of slides and reduce the duration for a microscopic examination, but did not show better sensitivity, accuracy and predictive values.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.63-67
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• 1990

우리 나라 도서 지역의 장내 기생충 감염 현황을 파악하기 위한 조사 연구의 일환으로 1989년 8월과 9월에 경남 통영군 산양면 및 욕지면 도서주민 189명의 대변을 수집하여 셀로판 후층 도말법과 formalin-ether 원심침전법으로 각각 1매 씩의 도말 표본을 만들어 검사하였다. 전체적인 윤충류 충란 양성률은 30.2%이었으며 윤충류 종별 양성률은 펀충 24.3%, 회충 2.1%, 구충 2.1%, 동양모양선충 0.5%, 간흡충 1.1%, 이형흡충류 1.6%, 유·무구조충 2.6%이었으며 원충류 종별 양성률은 람블껄모충 1.6%, 대장아메바 0.5%이었다. 편충란 양성률은 남자(17.1%) 보 다 여자에서 (29.9%) 다소 높았고 연령별로 10∼19세 군에서 가장 높았으며 E.P.G.는 평균 303이었다. 이 조사로 아직도 도서 지역의 장내 윤충류 감염률은 도시나 농촌지역에서 보고된 것보다 비교적 높다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.33-36
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• 2000

A small-scale epidemiological survey was undertaken during 1997-1998 on the residents along the Osib-chon (Stream), Samchok-shi (City), Kangwon-do (Province), to evaluate the status of Metagonimus yokogawai infection. A total of 165 fecal samples was collected and examined by cellophane thick smear and formalin-ether sedimentation techniques. The egg Positive rate of M. yokogawai was 29.7%, showing a remarkable difference between males (46.6%) and females (16.3%). To obtain the adult flukes of M. yokogawai, 11 egg positive persons were treated with praziquantel and purged with magnesium sulfate. A total of 242,119 adult flukes (average 22,010 per person, 367 119,650 in range) was collected from diarrheic stools, all of which were identified as M. yokogawai. The results show that M. yokogawai is still highly endemic in this area.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.169-176
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• 1996

This study was peformed in order to evaluate the usefulness of the crush cytologic features and differential diagnosis between meningiomas and schwannomas in the central nervous system. Deeply seated and unusually located meningiomas and schwannomas with equivocal or erroneous frozen section diagnosis can be correctly diagnosed cytologically in crush preparations. Twenty-four meningiomas and nine schwannomas were studied by frozen section and crush preparation technique. These tumors displayed distinctive cytologic features. in meningiomas, the tumor tissue fragments were easy to crush, and the tumor cells were arranged in small clusters, flat sheets, papilla-like, whorling pattern or singly. Individual tumor cells displayed round or oval nuclei with finely granular chromatin pattern and inconspicuous small nucleoli. Occasionally psammoma bodies, nuclear pseudoinclusion or nuclear grooves were found. In schwannomas, tissue fragments were hard in consistency and difficult to crush. The crushed tissue presented as thick, irregular fragments with shard borders. The cells showed ill-defined cytoplasm and round, oval, cigar-shaped or curved nuclei. It is important to emphasize that the smear pattern under low-power view and cytologic features are helpful in discriminating between these two tumors.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.199-203
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• 1997

Chordoma is an uncommon neoplasm that accounts for approximately 1% to 4% of all primary bone neoplasms and thought to originate from remnants of the fetal notochordal elements. It usually occurs in adults and has a predilection for the sacrococcygeal and spheno-occipital areas. Chondroid chordoma, first described by Heffelfinger et al, is a rare variant of chordoma; it contains both chordomatous and chondromatous features, and has a considerably better prognosis than either chordoma or chondrosarcoma. The cytologic findings of fine needle aspiration of sacrococcygeal chondroid chordoma in a 57-year-old man are presented. Aspiration cytology showed many sheets and cords of neoplastic cells in a thick amorphous blue-purple mucinous background. The cells had small too medium sized round nuclei with coarse granular chromatin and abundant eosinophilic or bubbly cytoplasm. Some cells had pleomorphic and hyperchomatic nuclei with prominent nucleoli. Cytologic findings were compared to histologic findings. Histologically, areas of chondroid differentiation were noted which were absent in the cytologic smear. Immunohistochemically, both the chondroid and chordoid areas had an epithelial phenotype and stained for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen and S-100 protein. This is the first case of cytologic findings of chondroid chordoma to our knowledge in literature.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.359-365
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• 1998

This study was conducted to isolate the protozoan parasite Babesia gibsoni by intraerythrocytic culture method of micoraerophilous stationary phase(MASP) and evaluate the possibility of application for the detection of B gibsoni in canine babesiosis. Also, indirect fluorescent antibody test(IFAT) and thick blood smear(giemsa stain), direct light microscopy (DLM), as control diagnostic tests, were conducted to compare diagnostic effects between MASP, IFAT and DLM. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows. The protozoan parasite B gibsoni multiplied in 24-well polystyrene plate containing 1.2ml of canine red blood cell suspension in RPMI 1640 medium(pH 7.0) which is contained 20~40% normal canine serum(NCS) under the MASP condition of 5% $CO_2$ and 95% air at $37^{\circ}C$ incubator. Under the above MASP culturing system the percentage of parasitized erythrocytes(PPE) after incubation for 9 days reached the peak. The levels of PPE in MASP culture were shown more higher by exchanging the medium at 24 hour intervals. The parasite were purely isolated from MASP culture of canine red blood cells collected from dogs(pit bullterrier) infected with B gibsoni naturally. Among the total of 83 heads of pit bullterrier blood samples the positive rate was 32 heads(38.5%) in DLM, 45 heads(54.2%) in IFAT and 42 heads(50.6) in MASP culture. In negative cases of IFAT and DLM the isolation rates of B gibsoni by MASP culture were 16 heads(42.1%) of 38 heads and 16 heads(28.6%)% of 56 heads, respectively. From this study it was suggested that MASP culture method by RPMI 1640 medium was a reliable and useful diagnostic test for the diagnosis of B gibsoni infections in canine babesiosis.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.80-89
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• 1982

In order to observe the endemic status of Clonrchis sinensis infection in Samrangjin eup, Milyang gun, Kyongsang nam do, a total number of 294 stool specimens were collected from the inhabitants who lived in the basin of the Nakdong river. The specimens were examined by cellophane thick smear technique and Stoll's egg dilution technique during the period from May to June 1983. The epidemiological status was analysed statistically by the regression equation and catalytic curv with the results obtained from this area. The results are as follows : 1) The infestation rate of Clonorchis sinensis in 294 was 49.0%. 2) No remarkable difference was observed between male (52.5%) and female (44.8%). 3) Average E.P.G. by Stoll's egg dilution technique in this area was 9,597. 4) The degree of the intensity of Clonorchis infection by E.P.G. count was distributed as 10.5% in very heavy infection, 14.7% in heavy infection, 47.4% in moderate infection, and 29.3% in light infection. 5) The intensity of endemicity in this area was represented with the regression equation calculated with the cumulative percentages of E.P.G. counts. Regression equation was y=3.40+1.23 log x and Cs. $D._{50}$ was 19.99. 6) The two stage catalytic model was applied and the calculation lead to the equation $y=1296(e^{-0.008t}-e^{-0.035t})$ ; a=0.035 > b=0.008 in this surveyed area. 7) Other helminthic infection rate in this area was 7.1% in A. lumbricoides, 9.5% in T. trichiura and 4.1% in E. vermicularis respectively.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2002

The endemic status of clonorchiasis and metagonimiasis along the Geum gang (River) in Okcheon-gun (County) in Korea was examined. From February to December 7000, stools of total 1,081 inhabitants living in 5 villages were examined. Each stool specimen was examined by both the cellophane thick smear method and the formalin-ether sedimentation technique. Egg-positive cases were further analyzed by Stoll's egg-counting technique. and praziquantel was administered to positive cases. The egg-positive rates for Clonorchis sinensis and Metafonimus species were 9.3% and 5.5%, respectively, and the double infection rate was 3.5%. The numbers of eggs per gram (EPG) of feces of C. sinensis and Metafoninus sp. were $918{\pm}1,463$ and $711{\pm}947$, respectively. The egg-positive rates for C. sinensis and Metagoninus sp. in the riverside area were 14.2% and 8.4%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the inland area (3.2% and 1.7%. respectively). The egg-positive rates of C. sinensis and Metagoninus sp. in males (16.7% and 10.0%) were significantly higher than those of females (3.5% and 1.8%) However, there were no significant differences of EPG values between localities and sexes. The prevalence of clonorchiasis and metagonimiasis in this survey was significantly lower than that in the previous reports. However. there is still a high prevalence of infection with C. sinensis and Metagoninus sp. in this region. especially in the riverside area.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.207-214
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• 1994

대청댐 상류 금강유역, 옥천 금산, 무주지역 주민의 장내 기생충과 간흡충란을 조사하기 위하여 1991년 1월부터 10월까지 743명의 대변 검사를 셀로판후층도말법과 formalin-ether원 심침전법으로 실시하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 연충란 및 원충시스트 총양성률은 40.8%(연충 8종. 원충 5종)이었다 각 종별 양성률은 간흡충 30.8%. Metanonim종 14.5%, Fosiola종 0.7%, Toenia종 1.5%, 회충 0.4%, 요충 0.l%, 구충 0.1%, 편충 1.6%, 대장아메바 0.7%. 이질아메바, 왜소아메바, 람블편모충이 각각 0.3%와 요드아메바 0.1%이었다 지역별 총양성률은 충청북도 옥천이 51.1%로 가장 높았고 괴음이 충청남도 금산이 50.8%이었으며 전라 북도 무주는 3개 군지역 중에서 비교적 낮은 양성률(28.6%)을 보였다. 금강 중.상류 지역에서는 간흡충과 Metagonimus종이 아직도 높은 양성률을 보이고 있으며 Taenia종도 크게 감소되지 않았으나 토양 매개성 장내 기생연충과 원충은 대단히 많은 감소를 보였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.639-644
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• 2014

Congenital malaria is assumed to be a risk factor for infant morbidity and mortality in endemic areas like Maumere, Indonesia. Infected infants are susceptible to its impact such as premature labor, low birth weight, anemia, and other unspecified symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of congenital malaria and the influence of mother-infant paired parasite densities on the clinical outcome of the newborns at TC Hillers Hospital, Maumere. An analytical cross sectional study was carried out in newborns which showed criteria associated with congenital malaria. A thick and thin blood smear confirmed by nested PCR was performed in both mothers and infants. The association of congenital malaria with the newborn's health status was then assessed. From 112 mother-infant pairs included in this study, 92 were evaluated further. Thirty-nine infants (42.4%) were found to be infected and half of them were asymptomatic. Infected newborns had a 4.7 times higher risk in developing anemia compared to uninfected newborns (95% CI, 1.3-17.1). The hemoglobin level, erythrocyte amount, and hematocrit level were affected by the infants' parasite densities (P<0.05). Focusing on newborns at risk of congenital malaria, the prevalence is almost 3 times higher than in an unselected collective. Low birth weight, anemia, and pre-term birth were the most common features. Anemia seems to be significantly influenced by infant parasite densities but not by maternal parasitemia.