• 한국의사학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.85-98
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• 2014

The medical bureaucrats was awarded by Wonjong (原從) meritorious retainer were 376 peoples in the Joseon Dynasty. It was not done research on this is accurate so far. Why did they get Wonjong (原從) meritorious retainer? I have found a general rule of the investiture through review of the nokhundogamuigwe (錄勳都監儀軌). The Sillok(實錄) and other materials were used as an adjunct in the investigation. Through the analysis of this medical bureaucrats, This study aims to investigate the change in the social status of the Joseon Dynasty's medical officials. The conclusion of this paper is as follows. First, the social status of medical bureaucrat was similar to that of yangban (兩班) in early days of Joseon Dynasty compared with mid or late days of Joseon Dynasty. Second, bastard households are concentrated in the second half of the 16th century to the early 17th century to advance to the medical officials. Third, acupuncture doctors increased social status by the mid-Joseon Dynasty. Fourth, statutes about Wonjong (原從) meritorious retainer was raising the social status of medical bureaucrat compared to other technical officials.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.605-611
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• 2022

본 연구는 아악과 속악의 개념과 범주를 어떻게 규정할 것인가는 논외로 하고, 조선 전기에서부터 후기로 이어지는 과정에서 궁중음악과 풍류방 중심의 민간음악에 일관되게 투영되어 있는 전통 음악의 아속적 심미 체계에 대해 구체적 사료를 통해 밝혀보았다. 본 연구를 통해, 조선전기 아속과 관련된 음악의 심미는 주로 궁중의 제례악과 연향악에 투영되었고, 특히 거문고[玄琴]의 심미적 사유가 그 중심에 있었다. 조선 후기로 내려오면서 아속과 관련된 음악의 심미는 민간으로 확장되어 풍류방 음악에 투영되어 있으며, 거문고[玄琴]의 심미적 사유가 그 중심에 있었다는 것을 살펴볼 수 있다.

• 천문학논총
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.367-380
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• 2017

The life and astronomical activity of Lee Deok-Seong (李德星, 1720-1794) was studied using various historical sources, including the astronomical almanac, Seungjeongwon-Ilgi (Daily records of Royal Secretariat of Joseon dynasty), and the Gwansang-Gam's logbooks during Joseon dynasty (A.D. 1392-1910). We present the results of the study including the following main findings. First, from the investigation of Lee's family tree, we find that a number of his relatives were also astronomers, notably Samryeok-Gwan (三曆官, the post of calendrical calculation). Second, we find that he took part in the compilation of an annual astronomical almanac over a period of at least 16 years. His major achievements in the astronomy of the Joseon dynasty were to establish a new method of calendar-making calculation and to bring astronomical materials to the Joseon court through a visit to China. The Joseon dynasty enforced the Shixianli (時憲曆, a Chinese calendar made by Adam Shall) in 1654 without fully understanding the calendar. So an astronomer and an envoy were dispatched to China in order to master the intricacies of the calendar and to learn as much of Western science as was available in that time and place. Lee Deok-Seong worked at the Gwansang-Gam (觀象監, Royal Astronomical Bureau) during the reigns of King Yeongjo (英祖) and Jeongjo (正祖). As best as we can ascertain in relation with the calculations in the Shixian calendar, Lee visited China four times. During his trips and interactions, he learned a new method for calendar-making calculations, and introduced many Western-Chinese astronomical books to Joseon academia. Lee greatly improved the accuracy of calendrical calculations, even while simplifying the calculation process. With these achievements, he finally was promoted to the title of Sungrok-Daebu (崇祿大夫), the third highest grade of royal official. In conclusion, history demonstrates that Lee Deok-Seong was one of the most outstanding astronomers in the late-Joseon dynasty.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.61-84
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• 2019

이 연구는 중국의 송 원대 임제종 양기파의 승려, 몽산 덕이의 대표 어록인 "몽산화상법어약록"과 "몽산화상육도보설" 조선본을 분석한 것이다. 그의 어록과 저술은 고려 말에 전해져 우리나라 불교계에 큰 영향을 미친 것으로 알려져 있다. 법어약록은 39종, 육도보설은 24종이 현존하고 있으며 본 연구는 63종을 연구대상으로 간행 시기별, 간행 지역별, 간행 참여자를 분석하였다. "법어약록"은 대부분 16~17세기에 간행되었다. 1467년 간경도감본이 최초의 판본이며 한문본이 1525년에 처음 나타나는 것으로 보아 1467년 간경도감에서 세조와 신미에 의해 처음 편찬된 책이다. 육도보설은 모두 15~16세기에 간행되었는데 언해본은 1종만 존재하며 모두 한문본으로 고려 말에서 조선 전기 몽산 어록의 유통 가능성을 보여준다. 두 책은 모두 전국적으로 유통되었으며 "법어약록"은 국가에서 간행되었다는 점에서 몽산의 어록이 매우 중요하게 다뤄졌던 것으로 보인다. 또한 두 어록 모두 지리산 지역에서 활발히 간행되었으며 임진왜란 이후 대규모 불사에 "법어약록"도 함께 간행되었다. 몽산 어록의 간행에 있어 참여자로 화주는 71명, 각수는 109명이 참여하였다. 화주는 다른 사찰에서의 불서 간행에 참여한 경우가 거의 없으나 각수는 대부분이 참여한 것이 확인된다. 몇몇은 활발한 간행활동을 보이는데 이들은 각 지역의 대표 각수로 활동했던 것으로 보인다. 63종의 "법어약록"과 "육도보설" 판본은 조선 전기 불서 간행의 모습을 대표적으로 보여준다고 할 수 있다. 몽산의 어록은 조선 전기 불교계의 개혁과 유불도의 공존을 모색하는 상황 속에서 적극적으로 수용 및 유통되었던 것이다.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

The word Euisaeng (醫生) is shorthand the Euihaksaengdo (medical cadets), that means has been changed according to the times. Throughout the Goryeo dynasty, Euisaeng was not mean medical student, but also primary healthcare. Existing research on Euisaeng of Joseon dynasty has been grouped together, despite the identity and characteristic differences between the central and local Euisaeng. The authors have separated the two, and a review of the literature focuses on local Euisaeng. The authors found the following facts in this study. First, status of Oebang-euisaeng (local medical cadets) was declined in the latter than in the early Joseon. Second, Oebang-euisaeng of the late Joseon was Layered Hyang'ri. Third, The local medical cadets was important, the role of primary healthcare. On the other hand, The central medical cadets was important, the role of a student learning medicine.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.127-142
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• 2020

This research is the first known to introduce and analyze food-related content among the records left by George Clayton Foulk (1856-1893), a naval attache dispatched as part of a U.S. delegation to Korea during the Joseon dynasty in the 19th century. Sketches and memos by Foulk provide important clues in understanding the food culture during the late Joseon dynasty. By analyzing the types of foods, table composition, and intervals between serving the nine rounds of food from the rural government office, which Foulk ate during his local trip, he was able to confirm that there was a starter ('preliminary table' or 'hors d'œuvre') before the main table and that it was served before the main dish.

• 복식
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.35-50
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• 2010

In this dissertation, the analysis of the study of female customs from late Joseon Dynasty and their genre painting to research humors and its aesthetic senses in that certain era. The purpose of the genre paintings is to look at general populations in an objective point of view and endeavor better value of public life style to embody clear understandings of humanity. The artists such as Hong-Do Kim and Youn-Bok Shin expressed their arts based on reasonable reality with sarcastic but humorous and creative ways to criticize the society's problems with clear statements. Therefore, the formative characters are realism, exaggeration and coloring of the whole arts that represents as innovative and original genre of it's time. Hong-Do Kim and Youn-Bok Shin expressed the women in society as open minded with versatile and refined looks in their paintings as the reality was repressed and closed mind for women figures in late Joseon Dynasty. The female customs in the paintings has both suppression and expression in their dresses and exaggerated shapes of accessories and the use of color were also found. All of these elements has the aesthetic values of satirized eroticism, the hint of next evolution of the late Joseon Era under the conservative disposition of social characters and freedom of expression of playfulness. These elements were new developments and a step forward of female 'sex' and expression of satirized eroticism. The exaggerated and distorted forms and accessories demonstrates unbalanced and asymmetrical elements in humorous characters and they include spontaneity. Also, using the five traditional color schemes of Korean art displays humor in playfulness of an art with splendid and purity, duality of positiveness and artless, smart and elegance looks.

• 박물관보존과학
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• 제26권
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• pp.35-66
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• 2021

본 연구는 국립중앙박물관 소장 갑주(투구 2점, 갑옷 4점)에 대해 과학적 조사와 보존처리를 실시하고, 그 결과를 바탕으로 조선시대 중·후기 갑주의 구조적인 특징을 살펴본 것이다. 갑주는 유기물과 무기물이 함께 있는 복합 재질이므로, 보존처리는 각 재질의 안정한 조건이 서로 영향을 받지 않는 선에서 '조사·분석 → 오염물 제거 → 안정화 및 강화처리 → 손상 부위 보수 → 보관'의 과정으로 실시하였다. 갑주는 손상이 심한 상태였으나, 보존처리를 통해 안전한 보수 및 일부 부위의 복원을 완료하였다. 이 과정에서 확인된 내용을 바탕으로 조선 중기의 의상형 갑옷 일부(갑상)와 조선 후기의 포형 피갑, 조끼형 흉갑 그리고 투구에 사용된 재료 및 구조적 특징을 파악할 수 있었고, 이를 통해 제작 방법을 추정할 수 있었다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2022

The construction period of the ondol (Korean floor heating system) at Hoeamsa Temple Site is known as Joseon. The main reason is that a large number of remains in the Joseon era were excavated from the ondol floor with an all-around ondol method. This article partially accepts the theory of the creation of Ondol at Hoeamsa Temple Site during the Joseon Dynasty and suggests a new argument that some Ondol remains were built during the Goryeo Dynasty. The grounds for them are as follows. First, through the building sites consistent with the arrangement of the Cheonbosan Hoeamsa Sujogi (天寶山檜巖寺修造記, Record of Repair and Construction of Hoeamsa at Cheonbosan Mountain), it is highly likely that the ondol remains as a basic floor was maintained during the reconstruction period in Goryeo. Second, the all-around ondol method of the Monastery Site has already been widely used since the Goryeo Dynasty. Third, some ondol remains consist of "Mingaejari" and "Dunbeonggaejari," which were the methods of the gaejari (which dug deeper and stayed in the smoke) in the pre-Joseon Dynasty. Based on the above evidence, this study argues that the building sites such as Dongbangjangji, Seobangjangji, Ipsilyoji, Sijaeyoji, Susewaryoji, Seogiyoji, Seoseungdangji, Jijangryoji, and Hyanghwaryoji were constructed during the late Goryeo Dynasty.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2021

It is generally believed that Seonjeong-jeon and Heejeong-dang respectively served as Pyeonjeon of Chang-deok Palace in the earlier and the later period of Joseon dynasty. However, such belief is based on the concept of Pyeonjeon that emerged after the time of King Soonjo's reign(1800~1834). The concept and functions of Pyeonjeon varied among times ranging from Koryo to late Joseon dynasty. In the earlier Koryo dynasty, the word Pyeonjeon signified both "Pyeonjeon in relation to Jeong-jeon" or "Pyeonjeon as a casual office for the king". The ambiguity of the word was resolved when Bopyung-cheong and Jogye-cheong were established in the earlier Joseon dynasty. These buildings in Chang-deok Palace (and only Bopyung-cheong in Gyeong-bok Palace) held rituals related to events in Jeong-jeon, as well as their exclusive political rituals. Thus, the meaning of the term "Pyeon-jeon" became restricted to its second meaning, namely a casual building for the king's everyday office work and small banquets. However, the ambiguity reemerged from around the time of King Seong-jong's reign(1469~1494). In this period, Pyeonjeon as in relation to Jeong-jeon was often referred to as "Jeong-jeon", or "Beop-jeon" from the mid-16th century. In the 19th century, Pyeonjeon as king's casual office took over the characteristics and functions of Beop-jeon. Thus, the popular notion of "Pyeon-jeon" was newly established and passed onto nowadays.