• STI Policy Review
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2017

This article explores the relationship between the gender composition of scientific research teams and scientists' individual performance. The gender composition of research teams is an important feature of workplace settings and influences the way people interact and communicate; however, previous research has not directly examined its relationship with scientists' individual performance. Drawing on data collected on university faculties in China in 2016, this article tests several hypotheses about individual's performance in teams with different gender compositions. The results show that team gender composition has a clear gendered effect on scientists' individual performance. The effects of tokenism for women in men-majority teams is proven, but men in women-majority teams appear to be unaffected by tokenism. Moreover, the theories claiming that homogenous teams are more conducive to better individual performance than mixed teams are supported for men but not for women. The findings of this research suggest that recruiting more women into the scientific workforce may improve their performance and thereby help diminish the gender gap in performance. It also indicates that the Chinese preferential policies towards women in science formulated in recent years have had positive impacts. However, considering that more than half of the researchers in the survey are working in men-majority teams, the task of narrowing the gender gap in performance remains a challenge. Further work is needed to explore the tensions and benefits of working with the opposite gender.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.371-376
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• 2020

The study seeks to explore the factors affecting the access to credits by individual customers at commercial banks in Tra Vinh province, Vietnam. Based on these results, the author proposes solutions to further improve the ability to serve individual customers at commercial banks in the province in the future. The study was conducted with a method of collecting primary data of 300 individual customers including 150 people with access to credits and 150 people without accessing to credits at six commercial banks in Tra Vinh Province, Viet Nam - Bank of Agriculture and Rural Development, Bank for Foreign Trade Commercial Bank, Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam, Asia Commercial Bank in Tra Vinh, Sai Gon Commercial Joint Stock Bank, and Bank of East Asia. The author has used binary regression methods, and the study found that seven factors affecting the ability of individual customers to access capital, namely, career, qualifications, collaterals, incomes, documents, loan and business plans, and experience. In particular, occupation, experience, and documents are the most influential factors. From the above results, the author proposes policy implications to improve individual customers' access to credits at commercial banks in Tra Vinh province in the near future.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권11호
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• pp.809-816
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• 2020

This study tests and analyzes the influence of empowering leadership on employee creativity which is mediated by psychological empowerment. Researchers conduct survey method on state-owned bank employees (ABC Bank) in Pacitan, East Java, Indonesia. Purposive sampling is selected with Likert scale as measurement. The population of this study is 166 respondents, who are permanent employees of the ABC Bank. The data analysis technique used is SPSS 24. The results of this study find that: (1) there is an influence of empowering leadership on psychological empowerment, (2) there is an influence of empowering leadership on individual creativity, (3) there is an influence of psychological empowerment on individual creativity, and (4) the influence of empowering leadership on individual creativity is mediated by psychological empowerment. This study ignores other types of leadership. Further study is needed to examine other types of leadership besides empowering leadership. The level of analysis of this study is individual, so further study could examine empowering leadership conceptualized at the group level because followers will be influenced not only by the dyadic relationship with the leader, but also by the dynamics of the members of the empowered group. This study provides theoretical enrichment from the aspect of empowering leadership, especially at the individual level. Leaders can increase employee creativity by empowering them to do their jobs. Additionally, by creating a work environment that ensures employees feel empowered psychologically.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.189-201
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify elements of job crafting impacts on work engagement and individual work performance in Vietnamese commercial banks. The research data, collected from 226 bank officers, uses the quantitative research tools as: Cronbach's Alpha Analysis, Explanatory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis as well as Structural Equation Modeling. The results of the hypothesis test show that only two hypotheses (H2, H3) are accepted: the impact of cognitive crafting on work engagement of bank officers (H2) and the impact of work engagement on individual work performance (H3). However, three remaining relationships (H1, H4, H5) are not accepted in the study: the impact of relational crafting on work engagement of bank officers (H1), the impact of relational crafting on individual work performance of bank officers (H4) and the impact of cognitive crafting on individual work performance of bank officers (H5). The study results indicate that cognition on job crafting leaves positive impacts on work engagement, leading to individual work performance enhancement. On the other hand, the relational crafting element implies contribution on neither collective nor individual working performances. Furthermore, no direct effect of cognition on job crafting to individual performance has been identified.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.277-288
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the success factors of information systems and the moderating effect of individual factors in mandatory environment. Methods: In order to test the model, a questionnaire survey is delivered from salespersons of an insurance company in Seoul, Korea. 200 questionnaires are finally analyzed. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is adopted to analyze the data and Smart PLS 2.0 is used for examining the moderator effect. Results: The extended model proposed in this paper adopted individual factors and examined their moderator effect among constructs. An empirical test is carried out accordingly in order to test the model proposed in this paper. The results reveal that individual factors (i.e. Computer Self-Efficacy, Anxiety, Personal Innovativeness in IT) have a significant moderating effect on individual performance in the environment of mandatory information system usage. Conclusion: This paper extended the research field of information system success model to information systems in mandatory environment regarding differences of individual factors.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.127-150
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• 2009

Although many employees in the logistics/small package express companies are using mobile information systems. there is little research on the individual impacts of adopting mobile information systems in the distribution area. Therefore, this study attempts to develop the research model to evaluate individual impacts on using mobile information systems which are frequently utilized in logistics and small package express companies. In order to propose the research model, we attempt to incorporate technology acceptance model and IS success model to evaluate individual impacts on using mobile information systems. To verify the research model, we collected 225 data from staffs who have mobile IT system in distribution and logistics area. We also verified the validity and reliability by using SEM(structural equation modeling). As a results, we found that system use, cognitive judgement and attitude can be the key variables to improve individual impacts by using mobile information system. We further found that perceived usefulness can be ere of the Imp factors to improve the individual impacts. Based on out findings, we can understand that this research model can provide a deeper understanding of individual impacts of mobile information systems.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.502-507
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• 2009

Trend of mechanical ventilation system applied to apartment house is introduced and feasibility study on installation of the individual room control ventilation as energy-saving method is carried out through field experiment. While initial cost of installation for the individual room control ventilation increases, the running cost is lower than the individual household control ventilation due to automatic flow rate control and reduction of fan power, and the management cost also decreases due to extension of use life of components. As the results of field experiment on $115m^2$-type apartment house, the individual room control ventilation could save the amount of 1,459.5Wh/day when compared with the individual room control ventilation

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.451-458
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• 2002

This paper introduces that livestock can be effectively managed by an individual electronic identification system. The proposed system was composed of the original code transmitter, receiver, personal computer, micro-processor, and RS485 telecommunications module. In the individual electronic identification system, the signal including encoded information of a milk-cow was transmitted from an original code transmitter to a micro-processor through RS485 telecommunications module. The transmitted signal can be successfully displayed in a personal computer. This system can be managed by 9999 individuals with a original code transmitter. The recognition rate of an individual electronic identification system was 98.5% and also auto-feeder operates very well. an individual electronic identification system was developed for automation of stockbreeding management. To automate the breeding management, it is necessary to obtain and analyze the individual information distinguished from others preferentially.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.143-154
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• 2008

This study intended to provide information which gives a way for students and their parents to be satisfied with student costume purchase by showing differences between their satisfactions and repurchasing intention according to school uniform purchase type. Total 280 questionnaires were distributed to the first year students at a private middle school in Seoul and 133 of copurchase cases and 120 individual purchase cases were collected and analyzed. The comparing results between parent satisfaction and repurchasing intention were summarized as follows. First, parent satisfaction of individual purchase and of co-purchase had been evaluated. As a result of the analysis of satisfaction by the five factors, individual parent buyers had higher satisfaction in brand, quality, design, and service except price. The largest different factor between both customers was quality satisfaction. Secondly, the individual buyers showed higher repurchasing intention than co-purchasing buyers. This result meant that individual purchasing group showed higher satisfaction. Lastly, when the relationship between satisfaction and repurchasing intention of each buyer group was examined, the level of satisfaction was positively associated with the repurchase intention of co-purchase.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.703-715
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• 2011

Forests have been considered one of the most important ecosystems on the earth, affecting the lives and environment. The sustainable forest management requires accurate and timely information of forest and tree parameters. Appropriately interpreted remotely sensed imagery can provide quantitative data for deriving forest information temporally and spatially. Especially, analysis of individual tree detection and crown delineation is significant issue, because individual trees are basic units for forest management. Individual trees in aerial imagery have reflectance characteristics according to tree species, crown shape and hierarchical status. This study suggested a method that identified individual trees and delineated crown boundaries through adopting gradient method algorithm to amplified greenness data using red and green band of aerial imagery. The amplification of specific band value improved possibility of detecting individual trees, and gradient method algorithm was performed to apply to identify individual tree tops. Additionally, tree crown boundaries were explored using spectral intensity pattern created by geometric characteristic of tree crown shape. Finally, accuracy of result derived from this method was evaluated by comparing with the reference data about individual tree location, number and crown boundary acquired by visual interpretation. The accuracy ($\hat{K}$) of suggested method to identify individual trees was 0.89 and adequate window size for delineating crown boundaries was $19{\times}19$ window size (maximum crown size: 9.4m) with accuracy ($\hat{K}$) at 0.80.