• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2007

최근 복잡해진 도심지의 토지 이용률을 높이기 위하여 원형 강교각이 건설이 요구되고 있다. 원형강교각의 경우 줄어든 단면으로 좌굴 내하력이 감소하며 이에 대한 방안으로 수직 보강재의 적용을 고려할 수 있다. 그러나 수직보강재를 적용한 원형 강교각의 좌굴 내하력의 증가의 효과에 대해서는 아직 명히 파악되지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 탄소성 유한요소해석 통하여 보강재를 적용하지 않은 무보강 원형 강교각과 수직보강재가 보강된 원형 강교각에 대해서 좌굴내하력을 검토하였다. 그리고, 형상비(R/t)에 따른 좌굴내하력의 변화를 기존의 실험식과 비교하여 그 효과를 검토하였다. 그리고 원형강교각의 수직 보강재를 적용하여 폭과 두께에 따른 좌굴 내하력을 비교 검토하였다. 그리고 수직 보강재를 적용한 원형 강교각에 대한 내진성능을 검토하였다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2021

항만운영을 위협하는 요인들이 다양화되고 있다. 최근에 전 세계적으로 문제를 야기한 코로나19도 그 중 하나이다. 2020년 부산 감천항에서 발생한 러시아 선원의 코로나 확진으로 인해 하역작업이 전면 중단되었는데, 이는 감염병으로 인해 항만이 폐쇄된 대표적인 사례이다. 항만은 우리나라 수출입물류의 대부분을 담당하는 국가 기반 시설물로서 감염병 등 위협 요인에 대한 레질리언스(resilience) 확보가 반드시 필요하나, 관련 연구는 아직 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 시스템 다이내믹스를 활용하여 감염병이 컨테이너 항만운영에 미치는 영향에 대한 흐름도를 구축하였다. 또한 시뮬레이션을 통해 감염병에 대한 항만의 레질리언스를 생산성과 물동량 측면에서 측정하였다. 시뮬레이션 분석을 통해 구축한 모형이 실제로 항만의 레질리언스 측정에 활용할 수 있음을 보였으며, 항만 내 감염병이 발생했을 시 격리 정책 시나리오를 설정하여 효과를 비교함으로써 레질리언스 향상을 위한 정책 수립의 기반으로 활용할 수 있음을 확인했다는 점에 본 연구의 의의가 있다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 1993

Many types of occlusal splints are used for treatment of craniomandibular disorders. Most widely used splint among them is flat-type centric relation splint. Insertion of splint into the mouth may cause increasing of vertical dimension, masticatory muscle realignment and rearrangement of maxillo-mandibular relationship, so as a result of splint treatment, occlusal relation may vary whether you like it or not. From this point of view, occlusal state of patient shold be frequently monitored to prevent undesired or harmful effect during occlusal splint therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of occlusal splint, especially centric relation splint, on the occlusal contact state after 3 months treatment. 32 patients with craniomandibular disorders who had unilateral symptoms participated in this study. To observe and record occlusal contact state, the author used T-Scan system (Tekscan Co. U.S.A.) at both pretreatment and posttreatment. The recorded date were analyzed with regard to contact number, contact force and contact time, change of anterior tooth contact and coincidence of first contact point with affected side were observed, too. Aan last, the subjects were divided into 2 groups and compared, according to average value of VAS index, with respect to joint pain, sound and limitation of movement, respectively. The collected date were statistically processed with SPSS and the result as follows : 1. Total occlusal contact number and force were not changed by occlusal splint therapy but total occlusal contact time decreased slightly. 2. There was a tendency of increasing number of subjects with anterior tooth contact after treatment and change of first contact point side were observed in as many as 40.6% of subjects. 3. There were no difference between higher and lower group of VAS index, and between pretreatment and posttreatment in each group, either.

• 한국인구학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.79-92
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• 1985

Fertility has been declined since 1966 (see Table 1). This fertility reduction was duely caused by age at first marriage, induced abortion and contraceptive practice which has been largely increased in recent years. Although tbe proximate determinant such as induced abortion, age at marriage and breastfeeding can and do have an effect on fertility, the principal cause of the reduction in fertility in Korea during the fertility transition can be supported by correlation between level of fertility and contraceptive prevalence (See Fig. 4). Taking a regression equation between fertility (TER. Y) and prevalence level (X), the total fertility rate in 1984 was estimated as 1.9 and 2.1 based on lenear and expotential function shown as follow; $Y_1$=5.709-0.0549 X and $Y_2$_______80________ 1+e2.433+0.017X ($R^2$=O. 93) ($R^2$=0. 96) Where $Y_1$ and $Y_2$ denote total fertility rates obtained through two equations respectivelly. The peak of contraceptive prevalence was assumdd as 80 percent which is almost upper limit in human society. On the other hand, an observed value of 1984 fertility level obtained from five month period shows 2.1 which is coincident with logistic fitting after the adjustment of response error assumed around 10 to 20 percent, At any rate, fertility of Korean women will have been reached replacement level (2.1) by 1985.Thus policy for family planning program must be reviewed toward the direction of integrated approach particularly with MCH program inasmuch as fertility in Korea has already shown population replacement level that require more good quality of service in family planning and their There must be an advanced level of fertility in Korea because wide use of contraception and induced life abortion and age at marriage will effect modern fertility which shows up and down trend between 2.1 and 1.5 in general.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.123-135
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• 2020

최근 조직들은 보안 사고 최소화를 위하여 엄격한 보안 정책 및 기술을 도입하고 있다. 반면, 엄격한 수준의 정보보안 도입은 조직원의 업무 스트레스를 발생시켜, 조직의 보안 목표 달성에 어려움을 줄 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 보안 관련 업무스트레스의 부정적 영향을 완화하는 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 금융산업에서 근무하는 조직원들을 대상으로 서베이를 실시하였으며, 266개의 표본을 확보하였다. 가설 검증은 AMOS 22.0을 활용하여 구조방정식모델링을 통해 실시하였다. 가설검증 결과, 업무 스트레스가 정보보안 준수의도에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 가치 일치가 업무 스트레스를 완화하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 보안 피드백이 변인간의 부정적 관계를 줄이는 것을 확인하였다. 결과는 이론적, 실무적 측면에서 조직원의 정보보안 관련 업무스트레스를 완화하기 위한 시사점을 제시한다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.333-339
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• 2009

Various cultural practices have been promoted as management options for enhancing soil quality and health. The use of soil management methods can cause changes in fertility by affecting soil chemical properties. This study aimed to evaluate interactions between soil chemical properties and soil management methods in protected cultivation, and to classify soil management methods that similarly affect soil chemical properties. Water-logging and irrigation reduced soil pH and available $P_2O_5$ content. Application of animal manures has a positive effect on levels of organic matter, Av.$P_2O_5$, K, Zn, and Cu. The electrical conductivites tened to be low in the application of organic amendments, including rice and wood residues. Deeper plowing caused a reduction in Ca content. Practicing soil nutrient-considering fertilization and fertigation did not exert an influence on nutrient element contents. In a cluster analysis of the soil management methods according to major nutrients, low similarities were found with deeper plowing and crop rotation with rice in comparison with other practices. In a cluster analysis by minor nutrient characteristics, crop rotation and application of animal manures and rice residues were linked at a high Ward's distance, while other practices were found to be relatively low distinct. Each soil management method has a similar or different effect on soil chemical properties. These results suggest the necessity of establishing limits and standards according to the effects of soil management methods on soil chemical properties for economic soil practices.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2010

현재 부산항은 위기에 처해 있다. 외부적으로는 세계적인 경제불황으로 전반적인 물동량 감소도 있지만, 신항개장 이래로 북항과 신항 간의 물동량 유치를 위한 출혈경쟁으로 터미널 채산성이 악화되고 부산항 이미지가 크게 손상되고 있다는 점이다. 이는 근본적으로 부산북항이 하역사위주의 운영사로 난립되어 있기 때문이다. 이에 따라, 본 연구에서는 부산항의 문제점을 해결할 수 있는 북항터미널의 통합유인요인이 실질적으로 부산항의 경쟁력제고에 얼마나 영향을 미치는 지를 실증분석하였다. 실증분석결과에 의하면, 북항터미널 운영사를 통합하여 글로벌 터미널 하여야만 선사서비스능력, 항만생산성을 제고시켜 긍극적으로 물동량 증대와 동북아허브항만화에 기여할 것으로 나타나고 있어 부산항 경쟁력제고를 위해 부산북항 터미널의 통합이 정책적으로 시급함을 보여주고 있다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.175-195
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• 2019

This research aims to examine the cause-and-effect relationship between Organizational Justice and Organizational Commitment within ICT corporates for fire prevention, through Leader-Member Exchange(LMX) and Organizational Support. A survey was conducted to corporate employees from staff members to executives. A total of 316 responses were collected during two weeks from May 1st to 17th, 2019, and were analyzed in this research. The result of the theory on ICT fire prevention was as follows: First, Distributive Justice has significant influence on Organizational Support, while it does not on LMX. Second, Procedural Justice has significant influence on both Organizational Support and LMX. Third, while Interactional Justice does not have significant influence on Organizational Support, LMX showed significant influence. Fourth, Organizational Support has significant influence on Organizational Commitment. Fifth, LMX has significant influence on Organizational Commitment. This research is academically significant in that it applied the Justice Theory on ICT corporates for fire prevention from staff members to executives. It is considered so, since existing researches mainly address on the status of technologies and policies on how to link fire prevention and ICT, and not on fair compensation based on Organization Justice theory. Practical significance can be found in its suggestions to improving organizational culture from top-down to bottom-up, thus creating free and engaging atmosphere at work. It is therefore needed to conduct further researches that categorize executives by their traits, and examine factors influencing on organizational commitment within ICT corporates for fire prevention.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.905-919
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• 2005

This study raised the necessity of developing performance indicators for measuring the management efficiency and effectiveness of school food service, and as a means of helping its implementation, a balanced score card (BSC) approach developed by Norton and Kaplan was adopted. This study established BSC in seven phases through literature: Phase 1 Defining a school food service and the scope of working activities, Phase 2 Establishing the vision of a school food service, Phase 3 Setting strategic goals, Phase 4 Identifying critical success factors (CSFs), Phase 5 Developing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), Phase 6 Extracting cause and effect relationship, and Phase 7 Completing a preliminary BSC. The preliminary BSC was fumed into a survey, which was administered to food service related people working at the Office of Education and School Food Service including 16 offices,209 dietitians, 48 school administrators both from self-operated and contract-managed, and 9 experts in areas related to school food service. They were asked questions about strategies from 4 different perspectives,12 CSFs, 39 KPls, and the cause and effect relationships among them. As a result, among the CSFs based on 4 different perspectives, all factors other than ' zero sum on profit/loss ' from the financial perspective turned out to be valid. In terms of KPIs, manufacturing cost percentages, casualty loss count/reduction rates, school foodervice participation rates, and sales goal achievement rates were found to be valid from the financial perspective, while student satisfaction index, faculty satisfaction index, leftover ratio, nutrition educational performance count, index of evaluating nutrition education, customer claim count/reduction rate, handling customer claim count/reduction rate, and parent satisfaction index were found to be valid from the customers' perspective. Besides, nutritional requirement sufficient ratio, nutritional management score, food poisoning outbreak count, employee safety accident count, sanitary inspection assessment index, meals per labor hour (productivity index), computerization ratio, operational management index, and purchase management assessment index were also found to be valid from the perspective of internal business processes. From the perspective of innovation and learning, employee turnover ratio/rate of absenteeism, annual education and training count, employee satisfaction index, human resource management assessment index, annual menu-related customer feedback, food service information index for employees and parents/schools were also found to be valid. The significance of this study is to present indices for measuring overall performance of school lunch food service operations without putting any limitation on types of school food service management, and to help correctly assess the contribution of the current types of school food service management to schools and students. (Korean J Community Nutrition 10(6) : $905\∼919$, 2005)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권9호
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• pp.765-776
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to a) examine IC (intellectual capital) circumstance of CFMC (contract foodservice management company), b) identify the correlation between IC of CFMC, c) analyze the cause and effect of IC in the viewpoint of contractor, client, and customer. The questionnaires of IC measurement were handed out to 108 CfHCs, there composing of main office employees, foodservice managers, customers, and clients of 207 school, 38 hospital, and 86 business/industry foodservices. The statistical data analysis was completed using SPSS Win (ver 12.0) for descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, simple linear regression analysis. First, CFMCs had operational experience for an average of 8 years and 8 months, and served an average of 38,540 meals a day. Most of the respondent companies operated 'food supply/distribution($50\%$)', 'catering ($46.7\%$)', and restaurant business ($43.3\%$)' except for institutional foodservice and managed an average of 66 clients for the contract period of 2 years and 3 months. Second, there was positive correlation between $\ulcorner$sales of foodservice$\lrcorner$ and 'market ability', $\ulcorner$client satisfaction$\lrcorner$ and necessary intellectual capital for managing branch/chain foodservice office, and $\ulcorner$customer satisfaction$\lrcorner$ and $\ulcorner$renewal and development$\lrcorner$, 'market ability', 'infrastructure support for foodservice operation', 'employee satisfaction', respectively. Finally, the result of the cause and effect analysis on CFMCs, clients, and customers was positively influenced by 'client satisfaction' with 'customer satisfaction', 'infrastructure support for foodservice operation' and 'customer satisfaction' with 'employee satisfaction', and 'infrastructure support for foodservice operation'. In conclusion, if CFMCs were to perform a routine checkups by utilizing CFMC's IC measuring tool, improvements in CFMC operational capacities as well as foodservice quality can be noted. Additionally, CFMCS can satisfy their client-customer relationship by employing internal marketing thechniques for employee, a more efficient infrastructure support system, and construc tive infrastructure utilization. Therefore, CFMCs can show significant improvement in their sales and foodservice quali-ty though continuous maintenance of the client and customer satisfaction.