• Title/Summary/Keyword: temptation

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Comparison of Influential Variables for Smoking Temptation between Adolescent and Adult Smokers (흡연유혹의 영향요인 비교연구 - 청소년과 성인 -)

  • Chang Sung-Ok;Kim Eun-Ju;SeoMun Gyeong-Ae;Lee Su-Jeong;Park Chang-Seung
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.561-570
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    • 2006
  • Purpose: This study attempted to identify influential variables on smoking temptation between groups: adolescent smokers and adult smokers. Method: A survey was conducted with 376 adolescent smokers in 4 high schools and 451 adult smokers in community settings in South Korea. Univariate statistics and regression were used for data analysis. Result: The most powerful predictor of smoking temptation for adolescent smokers was nicotine dependency. On the other hand, the most powerful predictor of smoking temptation for adult smokers was self-efficacy for smoking abstinence. In the high smoking temptation group, depression and nicotine dependency were the predictors for smoking temptation for adolescent smokers and nicotine dependency and pros for smoking were the predictors for smoking temptation for adult smokers. In the low smoking temptation group, cons for smoking and process of change for smoking abstinence were the predictors on smoking temptation for adolescent smokers and self-efficacy for smoking abstention and pros for smoking were the predictors on smoking temptation for adult smokers. Conclusion: There were different influential variables on smoking temptation according to age groups and level of smoking temptation. Smoking-cessation interventions should be tailored to the level of smoking temptation of the individual smokers.

The Concept Development of Smoking Temptation (흡연유혹의 개념 개발)

  • 장성욱
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.160-171
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    • 2004
  • Purpose: Smoking temptation is communicated frequently among people related to smoking cessation and has specific meanings within the context of smoking. However, the concept of smoking temptation has not been well articulated in the literatures. This study was conducted to clarify and to conceptualize the phenomena of smoking temptation. Method: The Hybrid Model of concept development was applied to develop a concept of smoking temptation, which included a field study carried out in Seoul, South Korea using in-depth interviews with 5 adult smokers. Results: The concept of smoking temptation emerged as a complex phenomenon having meanings in several different dimensions which encompassed several attributes. In addition, the conceptual structure of smoking temptation centered around five dimensions: Response to conditioned stimuli, Distancing from harsh reality, Nicotine dependency, Habitual routine, and Lack of control. Conclusions: Smoking temptation is a concept that needs to be treated in a specified individual way and it is possible to enrich the meanings and methods to manage smoking temptation in nursing smoking cessation interventions that its application may have positive impacts on patients' well being.

Types of Smoking Temptation

  • Chang, Sung Ok
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.519-528
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    • 2003
  • Background. In Seoul, Korea, 70% of all adult males are reported to be smokers, and guidelines to smoking cessation generally include ways to help smokers avoid situations of smoking temptation. However the phenomenon of smoking temptation has been scarcely studied. Therefore, it is critical to acquire a better under-standing of smoking temptation for more effective nursing practice. Aim. This study intends to analyze the subjectivity of smoking temptation. Design. Q-methodology, which applies a scientific method to subjectivity, was utilized. Findings. Five distinct smoking temptation modalities, on Q-types, emerged from the Q-sort: 1) Urge to facilitate interpersonal relation; 2) Psychological desire for tranquility; 3) Habituation in social life; 4) Habituation in daily life; and, 5) Nicotine craving combined with daily routine. Conclusion. It is hoped that analysis of the five types of smoking temptation identified in this study will contribute to the body of knowledge and a better understanding of why smokers are addicted to smoking.

Development of a Scale to Measure Korean Smoking Temptation (한국형 흡연유혹 측정도구 개발을 위한 연구)

  • 장성옥
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.849-858
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    • 2004
  • Purpose: Smoking temptation is the central concept related to relapse within the context of smoking. Therefore :or effective smoking cessation interventions, a scale to measure smoking temptation is necessary. This study was carried out to develop scale to measure smoking temptation. Method: This study utilized Cronbach's alpha, spilt-half coefficient and test-retest correlation in analyzing the reliability of the collected data and expert group, factor analysis, item analysis multitrait-multimethod method and known-group technique to analyze validity. Result: Twenty-five items were selected from a total of 33 items. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was .93, spilt-half coefficient .91, and 2 week interval test-retest correlation .93 for the 25 items on the smoking temptation scale. Five factors evolved by factor analysis, which explained 57.28 % of the total variance. The smoking temptation scale was effective in differentiating the subjects at each stage of change for smoking cessation and there were significant negative correlations between smoking temptation and self efficacy for smoking cessation and significant positive correlations between smoking temptation and the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire. Conclusion: The scale for measuring smoking temptation in Korean in this study was evaluated as a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity.

Analysis of Smoking Temptation, Nicotine Dependency, Perceived Health Status corresponding to Stage of Change in Smoking Cessation in Middle Aged Men (중년흡연남성의 금연단계에 따른 흡연유혹, 니코틴의존도)

  • Chang Sung-Ok;Park Chang-Seung
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.69-80
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    • 2001
  • This study was done to investigate the relation of smoking temptation, stage of change in smoking cessation, nicotine dependency and perceived health status in middle aged men. Convenience samples of 176 subjects who were either smoked or used to smoke, aged between 30 to 64, living in Seoul and Kyungi province area in Korea were selected for the study. The data was collected from December 1, 1999 to June 30, 2000. The research instrument were Stage of Change of Smoking Cessation Measure (DiClemente et al. 1991). Smoking Temptation Measure (Velicer, DiClemente, Rossi, Prochaska. 1990), Perceived Health Status Measure (McDowell & Newell, 1996), and Nicotine Dependency Scale (FTQ: Fagerstrom, 1978). The data were analyzed using the SAS Program. The result of the study are as follows : 1. The analysis of variance and multiple comparison showed that according to the stage of change, there were significant mean differences in the three sub-factors of smoking temptation; 'positive affect situation (F=12.64, p=.0001)', 'negative affect situation (F=16.01, p=.0001)', 'habitual craving situation (F=14.43, p=.0001)' and nicotine dependency (F=4.12, p=.0033) The mean score for smoking temptation for the subjects who were in the precontemplation stage outweighed the mean score for smoking temptation for subjects who were in the maintenance stage. 2. Through discriminant analysis, it was found that negative affect situation was the most influential variable of the smoking temptation sub-factors which can be used to discriminate stage of change. 3. The analysis of Pearson correlation coefficients showed that there was a significant positive relation between nicotine dependency and negative affect situation of smoking cessation((r=0.2182, p=0.0045) and a significant negative relation between nicotine dependency and perceived health status(r=-0.2115, p=0.0059).

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Survey on Adolescents' Knowledge and Attitudes as related to Temptation toward Cigarette Smoking (청소년의 흡연 유혹에 관한 연구)

  • Ahn, Hye-Young;Lee, Joo-Hyun
    • Child Health Nursing Research
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.367-374
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of knowledge and attitude to temptation toward cigarette smoking in adolescents. Methods: A survey was conducted using a 52-item questionnaire in 2 high school settings. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, post hoc analysis and Pearson correlation coefficients were used with SPSS WIN version 14.0 to analyze the data. Results: There were significant differences in attitude toward smoking and smoking temptation depending on gender, academic performance, religion, current smoking status, parental responses toward smoking, initiation of smoking, and the number of friends who smoke (p<.001). The level of smoking knowledge was not related to any of general characteristics as well as attitude toward smoking and smoking temptation. However, negative attitude toward smoking was moderately correlated with reduced smoking temptation (r=-.608, p<.001). Conclusion: Adolescents' attitude toward smoking and coping ability against smoking temptation were influenced by various factors related to smoking behavior and social situations, rather than by the level of smoking knowledge. In order to develop an effective smoking prevention and cessation program for adolescents, various strategies to change attitudes toward smoking should be included.

Analysis of Causal Model on Experience of Partner Violence and Temptation of Quit Exercise of Dance Sports Participant (댄스스포츠참가자의 파트너폭력경험과 운동중단유혹에 대한 인과모형분석)

  • Kim, Myung-Ja;Chen, Eun Young
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.579-592
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    • 2014
  • The present paper attempts to account for temptation of quit excercise of dance sports participant. purpose of this study is to find out the relationship among the Partner Violence experiences of dance sports participant, their temptation of quit excercise, their embarrassment and desire of accomplishment. The results of this study are as follows; First, there are differences in temptation of quit exercise according to personal characteristics. Second, after the analysis of the original structural model proposed in order to explain temptation of quit exercise of dan sports participants, it was found out that the modified model eliminating inappropriate factors, such as results which is a measurement variable of temptation of quit exercise. Third, in the following order, these factors had more relative influences on temptation of quit exercise of dance sports participants. Based on the above explanation, it was found out that partner violence experiences, embarrassment, and desire of accomplishment had direct causality with the temptation of quit exercise. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent and react appropriately to the possible violence of partner in order to lower the temptation of quit exercise of dance sports participants. Also, it is required for coaches and administers to make active and consistent efforts ro improve positive desire of accomplishment.

Influence of Stress, Self-efficacy for Smoking Cessation, Smoking Temptation and Nicotine Dependency in Male College Students who Smoke (흡연 남자대학생의 스트레스, 금연에 대한 자기효능감 및 흡연유혹이 니코틴 의존도에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Nam-Jo;Hong, Hae-Sook
    • Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the levels of stress, self-efficacy for smoking cessation, smoking temptation, and nicotine dependency, and to identify factors influencing nicotine dependency among male college students who smoke. Methods: In this study, a cross-sectional survey design was adopted for 283 male college students who smoke in D city, Korea. Data was analyzed for descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression using the SPSS 20.0 program. Results: The mean score of stress was $27.00{\pm}6.28$, self-efficacy for smoking cessation was $25.61{\pm}6.71$, smoking temptation was $53.87{\pm}11.02$, and nicotine dependency was $3.63{\pm}1.96$. There was a significant positive correlation between stress and nicotine dependency (r=.58, p<.001) and between smoking temptation and nicotine dependency (r=.59, p<.001). There was a significant negative correlation between self-efficacy for smoking cessation and nicotine dependency (r=-.59, p<.001). The significant factors influencing nicotine dependency were stress (${\beta}=.357$, p<.001), self-efficacy for smoking cessation (${\beta}=.359$, p<.001), and smoking temptation (${\beta}=.297$, p<.001). This model explained 60.3% of variance in nicotine dependency (F=105.59, p<.001). Conclusion: The results suggest that an intervention program is needed to reduce the perception of stress and smoking temptation, and to increase the ability of self-efficacy for smoking cessation among male college students who smoke with the intention to quit smoking.

Children's Self-Control : Effects of Mother's Parenting and Children's Reflection (어머니의 양육행동과 유아의 사려성이 유아의 자기통제행동에 미치는 영향)

  • Kang, Gi Sook;Lee, Kyung Nim
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.115-132
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    • 2001
  • This study examined the effects of mother's parenting and children's reflection on the development of self-control in the resistance to temptation situation. Subjects were 85 3-, 4- and 5- year old children attending educational preschool and their mothers. Each subject's activities were videotaped for 10 minutes in the experimental settings. Children's reflection was evaluated by Kagan's Matching Familiar Figures Test(MFF). Mothers completed a parenting questionnaire. Results showed no age or sex difference in resistance to temptation. Task patience increased with age, and girls had more task patience than boys. Children's resistance to temptation and task patience correlated with children's reflection and mother's parenting. Children's MFF latency and mother's permissiveness-nonintervention predicted children's resistance to temptation. Children's MFF errors, sex, age and mother's warmth-acceptance predicted children's task patience.

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The Effect of Psychological Temptation, Site Quality and Sense of Community upon Online Game (심리적 유인과 사이트 품질, 공동체의식이 온라인게임에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Sang-Chul;Kim, Nam-Hee;Moon, Jae-Young;Suh, Young-Ho
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.207-227
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this research is to identify if psychological temptation, site quality and sense of community influence user's flow and addiction and to identify causalities among flow, addiction, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in online industry. Many previous researches in the area of online games have been carried out about addiction by psychologist and about the development of related technologies by scientists. There are only a few studies about the customer satisfaction from the online business perspective. However, this research is different from the previous ones in the sense that both flow and addiction are considered in the study of the relationship between customer satisfaction/loyalty and flow/addiction in the area of online industry. The empirical results of high-order factor analysis indicate that six independent variables such as design, information, feedback, impulsiveness and motivation have converge three second-order variables such psychological temptation, site quality and sense of community. Consequently, site quality and sense of community have impacts on the flow, while on the other hand, psychological temptation has impacts on the addiction. Conclusively, customer satisfaction and loyalty are positively related not with the addiction but with the flow. Besides, customer loyalty is significantly influenced by the flow and the customer satisfaction. This indicates that companies in the online game industry have to develop a strategy for the flow which is more socially and ethically allowable than the addiction.