• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.6475-6482
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• 2015

The purpose of the study was two folded: to examine whether form-focused instruction (FFI) with corrective feedback (CF) is effective for the acquisition of the target linguistic forms and to find out the extent to which of the students' perceptions as well as their attitudes towards English instruction that they received. Tests and questionnaires were implemented to 122 Korean EFL students from eight classes enrolled in an English communication course. They were randomly assigned to three groups: the input-based group, who received typographical input enhancement materials, so-called the TIE group, the output-based group, who performed dictogloss tasks, so-called the DICT group, and the control group (CG). The data analysis was made on both tests and questionnaires by using SPSS 21.0 for Windows. The study found that different types of FFI with CF contributed to the improvement of students' grammatical knowledge and both the TIE and DICT task group students positively changed their perceptions and understanding as well as their attitudes towards the English instruction given, and students in all groups preferred pair work activities. In addition, most of the TIE and DICT students showed their interest and satisfaction with English class, whereas the CG group students did not. Based on the findings, this study suggested that well-planned and properly-chosen FFI in the form of pair work activities should be applied in classrooms with consideration of students' instructional preference in Korean EFL contextual settings.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.43 no.10
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• pp.1085-1093
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• 2016

Community-based Question Answering system is a system which provides answers for each question from the documents uploaded on web communities. In order to enhance the capacity of question analysis, former methods have developed specific rules suitable for a target region or have applied machine learning to partial processes. However, these methods incur an excessive cost for expanding fields or lead to cases in which system is overfitted for a specific field. This paper proposes a multiple machine learning method which automates the overall process by adapting appropriate machine learning in each procedure for efficient processing of community-based Question Answering system. This system can be divided into question analysis part and answer selection part. The question analysis part consists of the question focus extractor, which analyzes the focused phrases in questions and uses conditional random fields, and the question type classifier, which classifies topics of questions and uses support vector machine. In the answer selection part, the we trains weights that are used by the similarity estimation models through an artificial neural network. Also these are a number of cases in which the results of morphological analysis are not reliable for the data uploaded on web communities. Therefore, we suggest a method that minimizes the impact of morphological analysis by using character features in the stage of question analysis. The proposed system outperforms the former system by showing a Mean Average Precision criteria of 0.765 and R-Precision criteria of 0.872.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.209-222
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• 2002

EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) has been widely utilized to support Business Activities since it has such advantages as fast transfer of information, less documentation work, efficient information exchange etc. Recently e-business environment has urged the traditional EDI system to be changed to ebXML framework. To apply the ebXML framework to a certain industry, it is required to implement Business Process (BP), Core Component (CC), Collaboration Protocol Profile (CPP), Collaboration Protocol Agreement (CPA), Messaging system etc. We have selected the port and logistics industry as a target domain to apply ebXML framework, since the EDI usage ratio of it is relatively higher than other industries. In this paper, we have analyzed the current status of EDI system and transaction processes in the port and logistics industry. We have defined the business process that will be registered in the registry/repository, the main component of ebXML framework, using UN/CEFACT modeling methodology. And Business Collaborations, Business Transactions, Business Document Flows, Choreography, Pattern, etc. are represented using UML according to UN/ CEFACT modeling methodology, to apply ebXML Framework to the port and logistics distribution industry. Also we have suggested the meta methodology for applying the ebXML framework to other industries.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.317-328
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• 1996

The purpose of this paper is to review the trend of research in geographical education since the launching of the Korean Geographical Society in 1945 and to suggest the areas and directions for future oriented research in geographical education. 422 articles (including 12 books) were reviewed and analized for this paper. The outputs of research in geographical education contributed in developing and improving the geographical education in primary and secondary school geography. But to achieve stable and desirable status as a subject in the school curriculum, research in geographical education has to be changed in its target areas and methods. The results and the suggestions of this study are summarized as follows: First, research in geographical education in diverse areas, especially in the areas of significance, aims and objectives, and psychology of geographical education should be preceded the revision of the school curriclum so that the results could be used as the basis information and evidences in decision making about the curriculum. Second, research in geographical education for affective domain and skill development should be implemented more actively in accordance to the trend of integration centering around the dicipline-inquiry skill and citizenship skill. More close relationship between the circles of geographical education and geography would be one of the ways to satisfy the social needs. Third, the linkage between primary and secondary school geography is crucial to the research in geographical education. Considering the sequence in human development research in geographical education for two levels of school should be conducted in more wide school-year span. Fourth, critical and prescriptive research in geographical education focusing on the individual, diciplinary, and social relevancy of the content of geographical education may be recommended. Finally, the outputs of the research in geographical education should be publicized more widely so that the rationale for justification of subject geography and geographical education may be shared with among the researchers, educational administrators, and practioners.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.8
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• pp.543-554
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• 2013

Model-Driven Development(MDD) helps developers verify requirements and design issues of a software system in the early stage of development process by taking advantage of a software model which is the most highly abstracted form of a software system. In practice, however, many software systems have been developed through a code-centric method that builds a software system bottom-up rather than top-down. So, without support of appropriate tools, it is not easy to introduce MDD to real development process. Although there are many researches about extracting a model from code to help developers introduce MDD to code-centrically developed system, most of them only extracted base-level models. However, using concept of abstract component one can continuously extract higher level model from base-level model. In this paper we propose a practical method for automatic extraction of base level abstract component from source code, which is the first stage of continuous extraction process of abstract component, and validate the method by implementing an extraction tool based on the method. Target code chosen is the source code of TinyOS, an operating system for wireless sensor networks. The tool is applied to the source code of TinyOS, written in nesC language.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.25-34
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• 2011

In this paper we present an integrated design methodology for relational database based on object-oriented analysis and design. The integrated design methodology is based on business profile and has six phases. In the first phase, business use cases are identified and described by macroactivity diagrams and then the macroactivity diagrams are transformed to detailed business activity diagrams by using objects, object flows and business worker's responsibilities. In the third phase, the detailed business activity diagrams are transformed to business class diagrams that describe the static structure of the entire business system based on detailed business activity diagrams. In the four phase, the business class diagrams are transformed to class diagrams that represent the initial conceptual model of the target relational database. In the five phase, we add additional transformations on the class diagrams with generalization and specialization of associations, roles, activities, additional classes and redundant associations. Eventually, the final class diagrams are transformed to relational database schema. The methodology presented in this paper by applying that proposal for organic connection between object-oriented analysis and design methodology and relational database design methodology. And it will be able to deal with integration management. By the integrated design methodology, we can make more easily software systems based on relational database. In the case study, proposal integrated design methodology applied for a visa issuing system.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

The study researches regarding changing in reading and auditory perception ability after intervening dyslexia high-risk group of middle and high school students for improvement on auditory processing of neurological factors, and then aims to make a systematic intervention program for dyslexia students in verifying efficacy. The target of study is dyslexia high-risk group of 168 middle and high school students after a preliminary screening test in Childcare Facilities which are vulnerable social group in Gyeonggi province. They are tested deeply by reading and auditory perception ability, and then 24 students are selected. They are tested 20 times by auditory perception simulation and fluent reading train in TOMATIS Method for improving auditory system which transmits language information, and then are taken by post tests. In conclusion intervention efficacy is sure because reading, understanding, and auditory processing ability are in significant change of statistical analysis after preliminary and post tests. It is an important achievement to show necessity of neurological science access in diagnosis and intervention method of dyslexia through the research.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.215-223
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• 2017

This research conducted a survey targeting 238 dental employees in Daegu Gyeongbuk region in order to improve awareness on danger risk of dental materials henceforth by analyzing the awareness on material safety health data (MSDSs) and working environment characteristics that influence thereon. Accordingly, the average score of importance per item based on material safety health data(MSDSs) appeared $3.98{\pm}0.59$, and the highest item appeared 'danger risk', and the average score of necessity in improvement appeared $4.34{\pm}0.57$. Average score of necessity in improvement appeared higher as the career increased, and difference in importance per item showed higher score in the target who worked in the dentist (p<0.01). This research expects that the employees of dentist hospital secure safety on chemical substances of dental materials and pay more attention on chemical substance material of dental material and the material safety health data (MSDSs) that explains this, in order to improve quality of working environment, also, the researcher wishes that concrete policy and institution would be prepared for the safety of dentist hospital employees' working environment safety.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.29-37
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• 2020

Recently, the neural network-based deep learning algorithm has dramatically improved performance compared to the classical Gaussian mixture model based hidden Markov model (GMM-HMM) automatic speech recognition (ASR) system. In addition, researches on end-to-end (E2E) speech recognition systems integrating language modeling and decoding processes have been actively conducted to better utilize the advantages of deep learning techniques. In general, E2E ASR systems consist of multiple layers of encoder-decoder structure with attention. Therefore, E2E ASR systems require data with a large amount of speech-text paired data in order to achieve good performance. Obtaining speech-text paired data requires a lot of human labor and time, and is a high barrier to building E2E ASR system. Therefore, there are previous studies that improve the performance of E2E ASR system using relatively small amount of speech-text paired data, but most studies have been conducted by using only speech-only data or text-only data. In this study, we proposed a semi-supervised training method that enables E2E ASR system to perform well in corpus in different domains by using both speech or text only data. The proposed method works effectively by adapting to different domains, showing good performance in the target domain and not degrading much in the source domain.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.681-690
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• 2020

Generally, the design capacity of the rainwater harvesting unit is determined by trial and error method that is repeatedly calculating various analysis scenarios with capacity, reliability, and rainwater utilization ratio, etc. This method not only takes a lot of time to analyze but also involves a lot of calculations, so analysis errors may occur. In order to solve the problem, this study suggested a way to directly determine the minimum capacity to meet arbitrary target reliabilities using the global optimization method. The method was implemented by simulation model with particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms using Python language. The pyswarm that is provided as an open-source of python was used as optimization method, that can explore global optimum, and consider constraints. In this study, the developed program was applied to the design data for the rainwater harvesting constructed in Cheongna district 1 in Incheon to verify the efficiency, stability, and accuracy of the analysis. The method of determining the capacity of the rainwater harvesting presented in this study is considered to be of practical value because it can improve the current level of analytical technology.